Canadian Quality Milk On-Farm Food Safety Program - Centre ...

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Canadian Quality Milk Construct floors, walls and ceilings of smooth, durable and easy-to-clean material, and maintain cleanliness on a regular basis. Properly ventilate the milk house to reduce condensation and decrease mould and dust on ceilings walls and windows. Properly dispose of any empty milking chemicals containers. 7.3 MILKING EQUIPMENT EVALUATION AND MAINTENANCE Milking machines must be in good condition to obtain high milk quality consistently. Regular maintenance will assure that milking machines can milk cattle adequately day after day. Depending upon producer expertise, regular maintenance should be done by the producer with more in-depth analysis done by the equipment dealer or an industry professional. Milking machine technicians should be able to perform a complete evaluation protocol such as that produced by the National Mastitis Council (NMC). A milking equipment evaluation should include: • Teat end vacuum during milking. • Pulsation characteristics. • Effective reserve. • Milkline slope. This material on milking equipment was sourced from the manual “Managing Milk Quality” published by ITA de La Pocatière. 7.4 WATER Milk safety can be adversely affected by the quality of water used to clean milking equipment and the milk house. If the water is contaminated, the contaminants may cause milk safety to suffer. Since pasteurization does not kill 100% of bacteria in the milk, increasing the load of bacteria in the milk will increase the milk safety risk. Spore forming bacteria are usually found in dirty water. Spores can survive pasteurization and can reduce shelf-life of dairy products. The water used for cleaning milk contact surfaces can be a significant source of bacteria; therefore, testing the water is an important step in ensuring milk safety. June 2010 7—11
Canadian Quality Milk The components of water quality can be subdivided into two groups: contaminants and aesthetics. Contaminants could affect the safety of the milk by residues of contaminated water left from cleaning the equipment. Contaminants can be either biological or chemical. The aesthetics of water and the willingness of animals to drink it have an indirect effect on animal health, and, as a result, may impact the safety and quality of food produced from these animals. Characteristics that impact taste and colour are part of this group. Dirty water can smell and transfer odors to finished products. 7.4.1 Sources of Contaminants Private wells may be recharged from areas on the same property as the farm or may extend to neighbouring properties. The activities of the farm, the homes on the farm, and the activities of neighbours can directly affect well water quality. Many contaminants can enter water supplies and threaten the health and safety of families, livestock and the milking equipment rinsed with the contaminated water. The most common contaminants include: • Pathogenic microorganisms (e.g. E.coli bacteria). • Toxic chemicals such as pesticides, petroleum and solvents. • Nitrates. Most contaminated water is caused by: • Contamination sources too close to the well or water source. • Improper well construction. • Inadequate well and system maintenance. • Unused or improperly abandoned wells. 7.4.2 Water Quality Parameters and Testing Contaminated water is not easily detected by taste, smell or colour. Testing is the only way to detect most contaminants and to ensure a safe water supply. All water used for milking equipment sanitation, regardless of source, must be tested yearly for microbiological parameters (e.g. bacteria), which are determined by each provincial authority. The water sample should be collected as close as possible to the point of use (e.g. from the tap in the milk house), not from the source (e.g. from a well). Water quality is a provincial jurisdiction; therefore, each province sets potability standards for bacteria in its respective province. Additional testing is recommended after events such as floods, spills or heavy rainfall or if colour, taste, or odour changes. Water should also be tested for nitrates and pesticides that are commonly used on or near the farm, especially if the area, well or 7—12 June 2010
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Canadian Quality Milk On-Farm Food
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Canadian Quality Milk Table of Cont
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Canadian Quality Milk PRESIDENT’S
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Canadian Quality Milk ABOUT THIS BO
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Canadian Quality Milk Hazards are r
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Canadian Quality Milk program and e
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Canadian Quality Milk 1.0 DAIRY FAC
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Canadian Quality Milk Introduction
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Canadian Quality Milk Store pestic
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Canadian Quality Milk • In tie-st
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Canadian Quality Milk - Allow anima
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Canadian Quality Milk • Designing
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Canadian Quality Milk WHAT TO DO El
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Canadian Quality Milk HAZARD SOURCE
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Canadian Quality Milk Introduction
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Canadian Quality Milk Pending: New
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Canadian Quality Milk lab tests wit
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Canadian Quality Milk 3.0 ANIMAL HE
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Canadian Quality Milk 3.2 HEALTH MA
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Canadian Quality Milk • Finding o
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Canadian Quality Milk vaccinate the
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Canadian Quality Milk 3.2.2.1.4 Bio
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Canadian Quality Milk 3.2.3 Decreas
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Canadian Quality Milk Clinical mast
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Canadian Quality Milk Practices tha
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Canadian Quality Milk 3.2.4.4 Recom
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