Canadian Quality Milk On-Farm Food Safety Program - Centre ...

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Canadian Quality Milk Many cattle that become sick with common diseases on dairy farms are treated routinely by the producer or by farm personnel rather than by a veterinarian directly. Examples of diseases that are often routinely treated by producers include diarrhea and pneumonia in calves and milk fever and mastitis in cows. Because any treatment increases the risk of residues in meat or milk, treatments should be given according to pre-arranged protocols. Plans should be developed by the herd veterinarian in consultation with the producer. They should be written so that they are easily understood by the people who will be implementing them. They should be readily available to all farm personnel when needed. Treatment plans can be in several formats. A vaccination protocol would outline the recommended vaccination procedures for each management group on the dairy. It would include information on the vaccine to be used and dosage, the group to be vaccinated and recommendations on when they should be vaccinated. Treatment protocols for diseases or conditions should contain information on how to recognize affected cattle and on separate action steps that are related to the severity of the illness. Detailed treatment and management recommendations should be outlined in the protocol as well as actions to be taken if the animal’s health does not substantially improve or becomes worse. Treatment plans are not intended to replace the herd veterinarian: they are intended to reduce the possibility of misunderstandings and to increase the likelihood of compliance with health plans. 3.2.1 Vaccination Vaccination is an essential component of every disease prevention plan. It primes an animal's immune system to respond quickly to a subsequent infection by specific microbes, usually viruses and bacteria. The quicker immune response of vaccinated cattle will often prevent disease from developing and if they do develop disease, they may not get as sick. Vaccination also can reduce the spread of disease-causing microbes. Reducing the impact of infection on an animal's health helps maintain its productivity and reduces the need for treatment. Vaccination relies on the response of the animal's immune system to provide protection. Its effectiveness depends on the vaccine being properly stored, handled and administered to an animal whose immune system is able to respond to the vaccine. 3.2.1.1 Planning and Record Keeping Vaccination provides the best protection when it is part of a complete health program. Developing and implementing a vaccination plan involves: • Determining what diseases to vaccinate against. • Identifying which animals will benefit most from vaccination. Vaccination helps prevent disease or reduce its severity, but does not treat or cure existing disease. 3—4 June 2010
Canadian Quality Milk • Finding out when they will most need the protection that vaccines provide. • Ensuring cattle are vaccinated according to the plan. For most dairy herds in Canada, a basic strategic program should include vaccinating breeding-age cows and heifers against BVD and IBR. The goal is to protect cows and heifers against abortions and other infertility problems caused by these two viruses. To ensure cattle are protected throughout pregnancy, they should be vaccinated before they are bred. Because protection is highest shortly after vaccination, heifers and cows will get the best protection if they are vaccinated in the months before they are bred. Your veterinarian may recommend vaccinating against other diseases such as Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV), Parainfluenza 3 virus (PI3), Hemophilus somnus (HS), Pasteurellosis, Rabies, E. coli scours, Rotavirus, Coronavirus, coliform mastitis, Leptospirosis (Lepto) or Clostridial diseases such as blackleg in your herd's vaccination program. These recommendations will be based on a consideration of the special needs of your herd, and knowledge of which diseases occur locally. Producers should: Develop a written vaccination plan in consultation with the herd veterinarian. The plan should include: • Identification of specific disease-causing risks. • Which group is at risk. • When protection is most needed. Identify vaccinated animals and keep written records to ensure calves, breeding heifers, and cows are vaccinated according to the plan. Note: Vaccines may have milk or meat withdrawals. If a vaccine has a withdrawal, applications must be recorded on the livestock treatment record (Record 10). Vaccines must also be on the list of medicines and chemicals used on livestock (Record 9). See Chapter 4 for more details. Keep records which may include: • Name of the vaccine product used (including the lot or serial number and expiry date). • The date the vaccine was used. • Identification of the vaccinated cattle. • Any applicable milk or meat withdrawals. 3.2.1.2 Managing Vaccines Store and use vaccines according to recommendations on the label. It is especially important to ensure that vaccines are properly refrigerated and stored in a dark place, such as a cooler. If using live vaccines, mix only enough to last for an hour or less. Discard any leftover vaccine. June 2010 3—5
Page 1 and 2: Canadian Quality Milk On-Farm Food
Page 3 and 4: Canadian Quality Milk Table of Cont
Page 5 and 6: Canadian Quality Milk PRESIDENT’S
Page 7 and 8: Canadian Quality Milk ABOUT THIS BO
Page 9 and 10: Canadian Quality Milk Hazards are r
Page 11 and 12: Canadian Quality Milk program and e
Page 13 and 14: Canadian Quality Milk 1.0 DAIRY FAC
Page 15 and 16: Canadian Quality Milk Introduction
Page 17 and 18: Canadian Quality Milk Store pestic
Page 19 and 20: Canadian Quality Milk • In tie-st
Page 21 and 22: Canadian Quality Milk - Allow anima
Page 23 and 24: Canadian Quality Milk • Designing
Page 25 and 26: Canadian Quality Milk WHAT TO DO El
Page 27 and 28: Canadian Quality Milk HAZARD SOURCE
Page 29 and 30: Canadian Quality Milk Introduction
Page 31 and 32: Canadian Quality Milk Pending: New
Page 33 and 34: Canadian Quality Milk lab tests wit
Page 35 and 36: Canadian Quality Milk 3.0 ANIMAL HE
Page 37: Canadian Quality Milk 3.2 HEALTH MA
Page 41 and 42: Canadian Quality Milk vaccinate the
Page 43 and 44: Canadian Quality Milk 3.2.2.1.4 Bio
Page 45 and 46: Canadian Quality Milk 3.2.3 Decreas
Page 47 and 48: Canadian Quality Milk Clinical mast
Page 49 and 50: Canadian Quality Milk Practices tha
Page 51 and 52: Canadian Quality Milk 3.2.4.4 Recom
Page 53 and 54: Canadian Quality Milk Reference Man
Page 55 and 56: Canadian Quality Milk 4.1 ANATOMY O
Page 57 and 58: Canadian Quality Milk Figure 4: Exc
Page 59 and 60: Canadian Quality Milk Figure 5: Epr
Page 61 and 62: Canadian Quality Milk Figure 6: Cef
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Page 65 and 66: Canadian Quality Milk original cont
Page 67 and 68: Canadian Quality Milk Substances Li
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Page 75 and 76: 4.7 SUMMARY OF HAZARDS AND BEST MAN
Page 77 and 78: Canadian Quality Milk CCP 1 Milking
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Canadian Quality Milk 6.0 COOLING A
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Canadian Quality Milk Table 12: Coo
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6.2 COOLING SYSTEM EVALUATION AND M
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Canadian Quality Milk Reference Man
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Canadian Quality Milk Table 13: Rec
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Canadian Quality Milk 1. Manually:
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Canadian Quality Milk You also must
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Canadian Quality Milk 7.2 MILK HOUS
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Canadian Quality Milk The component
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Canadian Quality Milk Retest 1−3
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Canadian Quality Milk HAZARD SOURCE
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Canadian Quality Milk Introduction
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Canadian Quality Milk Corrective Ac
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Canadian Quality Milk Introduction
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Canadian Quality Milk 9.3 THE TRAIN
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Canadian Quality Milk 9.4.3 Cooling
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Canadian Quality Milk Reminder: All
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10.2 BMP 5 MILKING MANAGEMENT Canad
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Canadian Quality Milk 10.5 BMP6 FAC
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Canadian Quality Milk Check and re
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Canadian Quality Milk 11.0 MILK AND
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Canadian Quality Milk CAUSES SOLUTI
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Canadian Quality Milk CAUSES SOLUTI
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Canadian Quality Milk E) MANUAL WAS
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Canadian Quality Milk FILM OR DEPOS
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Canadian Quality Milk 12.0 LIST OF
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Canadian Quality Milk Word or Phras
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