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Leisure tourists’ considerations regarding destinations recently experiencing safety and/or security problems UK, Spain, France and Denmark registered almost similar results. Even though the above mentioned destinations have experienced terrorist attacks or political crises, they have achieved a majority of “Yes” and “Definitely Yes” answers. Due to the fact that these destinations are located in Europe, are important leisure and business markets, and also because most respondents are of European origin, it can be concluded that their image has not been so much affected by the negative influence of the security issue. An important aspect that might have influenced their choice is the factor called “time elapsed from the incident” – which plays a central role in the decision making process. We can see this very clearly when we compare the results for Spain and UK with those obtained for Denmark. In the case of Denmark, the “maybe” answers (32%) are following very closely the “definitely yes” answers (39%). The high percentage of “Yes” answers (66%) is due to the general positive overall image of the country before the cartoon riots. Also, this crisis management, based on diplomacy and without major losses (especially human losses) and the calm that governs this country once again, might have led participants to give their vote of confidence. As far as the case of the USA is concerned, it can be deduced that the highly-positive ratings which the destination achieved (even though 9/11 is still present in many of the respondents’ minds) are due again to the factor called “time elapsed from the incident”. As it can be observed later in this study, this factor scores an important percentage when it comes to choosing a destination. Apparently, leisure tourists do not feel menaced anymore when choosing USA as a leisure destination. Also, another important factor is the fact that after September 11 th , USA did not experience any other major security incidents. A somewhat predictable high percentage of uncertainty (“maybe” – 33%), followed by an also high percentage of negative answers (“no” – 26%; “definitely no” – 15%) was registered for Egypt. This is mainly due to the high-frequency of terrorist attacks that are taking place in the country – and especially in popular tourist areas. It is worth mentioning that most of the questionnaires received after the attacks on 25 th of April 2006 (in which at least 23 people - including three foreigners - have been killed and 62 wounded in three blasts in the Egyptian resort town of Dahab 5 ) rated Egypt with “no” and “definitely no” answers, while the questionnaires received before these incidents scored: “no”, “maybe”, “yes”, and even “definitely yes” answers, as well. Notwithstanding this recent evidence, Wahab (1995) noted that the Egyptian police had adopted preventive and proactive measures, which included placing civil police officers on all transport vehicles used by tourists. SAFETY AND SECURITY FACTORS INFLUENCING DECISION MAKING PROCESS The questionnaire then proceeds to exploring the safety and security factors that influence the decision making process of leisure tourists through three questions. Tourism Today - Fall 2007 - Full Paper 53
54 Filio Lazana, Diana Draganescu, Georgiana Grama, Magdalina Yarichkova The first question required participants to choose from a list of safety and security factors those that influence in general their choice of destination (table no. 5). A significant number of answers pointed good sanitation and medical conditions (19%) as being a prerequisite for visiting a destination, influencing both men and women of most income levels with a university or post-graduate degree were. This was closely followed by security factors concerning the absence of fanatic or terrorist groups (17%), the absence of terrorist attacks (16%), political stability (15%) and the requirement of safe means of transportation (15%). Both men and women above the age of 26 with a university or post-graduate degree and irrespective of their income were affected by the security factors in their choice of destination. Reliable security measures have been chosen by 11% of the participants while only 7% were influenced by the absence of the threat of natural disasters - mainly women with a low income level. Only 2 out of 158 respondents were not influenced by any of the security or safety factors mentioned. Table No 5: Safety & security factors influencing the choice of leisure destinations Tourism Today - Fall 2007 - Full Paper
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168 The european journal of tourism
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