Ski – resort and regional development: profile of visitors ... - E-Journal

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Tourist characteristics and demand for tourism destination products in nigeria, tropical africa Official concern for tourism development in Nigeria started after the colonial period in 1975, following the establishment of Nigeria's Tourism Board (NTB). But because of political instability and lack of commitment by successive governments tourism has been neglected in the country (Ojo, 1985; Chokor, 1993). It was only recently in 1990 that a national tourism policy was formulated and adopted to guide tourism developments in Nigeria. However, several programmes for tourism development have within the past four decades (1960 - 1999), been pursued by various states and the Federal Governments of Nigeria. These were mostly in the areas of wildlife conservation, museum and archaeological site preservation, and hotel and physical site development in areas of outstanding natural beauty or unique quality. Several constraints, however, have hindered these and other efforts to develop tourism in Nigeria. Prominent amongst which are limited supply and poor quality of tourism infrastructures, facilities and amenities. The nature of attractions that are highly dispersed over large areas particularly constitute serious transportation problem to tourists patronage. Additionally, poor transport linkage within tourists sites, low income earning of residents and poor ‘image’ of the country as unsafe, and disturbed by political, ethnic, and religious crises and frequent military coups are all important constraints to tourism (Awaritefe, 2000). Consequently, though blessed with abundant and highly unique tourism resources, earnings from tourism have been low, about 3 percent of foreign travel in Africa (between 1998 and 2003) and insignificant (less than $.137 billion) when compared to $10 billion for other Third World African countries, majority of which are with less tourism resource endowment (WTO, 2001). There has been very few tourists’ arrival to Nigeria since 1972, the majority of whom are travellers on business, official missions or visit friends/relations, mostly from Western Europe, America, South-East Asia, and neighbouring West African countries. Domestic tourism participation has also been low in Nigeria. An increasing number of educated and high income Nigerians and students provides an important source of the domestic tourists that visit the tourism destinations, especially the national parks, historic sites and cultural centers (Awaritefe, 1993, 2003). However, with the inception of a new democratic government in 1999, the Federal and several state governments have indicated keen interest to develop the tourism industry in the first decades of this millennium (Federal Government of Nigeria, 2002). The country is thus presented with challenges associated with growing public and private sector desires to develop the tourism industry. It is in the context of this scenario, the dilemma of a country with abundant tourism resources, yet experiencing low gains that this study aims to provide greater understanding of the nature of factors that determine tourism product demand. This step is important so that desired tourist markets and products can be articulated and realised in subsequent tourism destination development or rejuvenation programmes in Nigeria. Tourism Today - Fall 2007 - Full Paper 83
84 Onome Daniel Awaritefe Fig 1: Study Area in Nigeria * Further information on tourism destinations from which respondents were selected. 1. Yankari Park is located in the North East tourism zone of Nigeria. It is primarily an “Ecotourism” area. Additionally the Wikki warm spring and several archaeology sites located within the park are also of interest to visitors. 2. The Abraka River Resort is located in the South-south tourism zone. It is popular for its beaches and water resort tourism. 3. Badagry is located in the south-west tourism zone. It is significant because of its beaches for water tourism, and for historic/cultural tourism as a result of its slave sites, museums and relics of early European contact with Africa. 4. Kainji National Park is located in the north-west tourism zone. It is significant for wildlife and unique plant habitats, and is also endowed with ecotourism/naturism/nature tourism resources. 5. Benin-City is located also in south-south tourism zone. It is popular for urban, cultural and historic tourism. 6. Obudu Cattle Ranch, located in the south-east geo-tourism zone, is notable for its wildlife and unique plant habitats, and is also a good example of ecotourism/nature tourism. 7. Jos is located in the Middle Belt tourism area of Nigeria. It is significant for both culture, and adventure/landform tourism. Tourism Today - Fall 2007 - Full Paper
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THE JOURNAL OF THE COLLEGE OF TOURI
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Page 41 and 42: 40 Overall, language tourism can me
Page 43 and 44: 42 • Pearce, P. L. (1995). From c
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Page 63 and 64: 62 Jaume Garau-Taberner competitive
Page 65 and 66: 64 Jaume Garau-Taberner 2.1.4 Other
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Page 77 and 78: 76 Jaume Garau-Taberner The results
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168 The european journal of tourism
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