Unit A Reproduction

Mutations in a cell’s DNA can cause diseases, including cancer.
• Certain factors can cause mutations in a cell’s DNA. Mutations in genes
change the instructions that the genes contain. This can cause diseases
such as cystic fibrosis and diabetes.
• Mutations in the genes that control cell division can cause cancer.
• Out-of-control cell division produces masses of cells, called tumours, that
can interfere with normal body functions.
• Treatments for cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
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Some organisms reproduce asexually through cell division.
• Asexual reproduction involves only one parent.
• The offspring of asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the
parent and to each other.
• Different types of asexual reproduction include binary fission, budding,
vegetative reproduction, fragmentation, and spore formation.
400X
spindle, p. 50
metaphase, p. 50
anaphase, p. 50
telophase, p. 50
mutation, p. 53
cancer, p. 54
benign tumours, p. 54
malignant tumours, p. 54
metastasis, p. 54
carcinogen, p. 55
sexual reproduction, p. 57
zygote, p. 57
asexual reproduction, p. 57
clones, p. 57
binary fission, p. 57
budding, p. 58
vegetative reproduction, p. 58
fragmentation, p. 59
spores, p. 59
17 500X
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NEL
Chapter 2 Review 69