Unit A Reproduction

4.2
CHECK YOUR Understanding
1. List the secondary sexual characteristics of females.
2. (a) What is the function of mammary glands?
(b) Why are mammary glands considered
secondary sexual characteristics in humans?
3. Identify structures A, B, and C in Figure 4.
9. Identify structures A, B, and C in Figure 5.
B
A
A
B
C
Figure 5
C
Figure 4
4. The endometrium is important in the female
menstrual cycle. Describe its structure, location,
and function.
5. Where does the endometrium fit into the
menstrual cycle?
6. Name the two female sex hormones, and
describe their roles.
7. Name the hormone that causes the production
of milk shortly after birth.
8. (a) What event happens during menstruation?
(b) What event or events will stop menstruation?
(c) What event happens approximately two
weeks before menstruation?
10. How does the corpus luteum develop?
11. What name is given to the process that releases
an egg from the ovary?
12. List the four phases of the menstrual cycle, and
describe what is happening during each phase.
13. List, in order, the parts of the female reproductive
system that are involved in the sequence of events
from ovulation to fertilization to the birth of an
offspring. Indicate where fertilization takes place.
14. On average, how many eggs does a woman
release in her reproductive life?
15. (a) When describing the menstrual cycle, the
convention is to begin with the flow phase.
Suggest why this is so.
(b) What is another name for the flow phase?
16. If the ovaries of a woman are removed, can she
still give birth to a baby? Support your answer.
116 Unit A Reproduction
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