Unit A Reproduction

Use What You’ve Learned
16. (a) What happens to the sister chromatids
during meiosis?
(b) How is this different than what happens
during mitosis?
17. Figure 3 compares mitosis and meiosis in a cell
that contains 32 chromosomes.
(a) How many chromosomes would be found
in cell A?
(b) How many chromosomes would be found
in cell C?
(c) How many chromosomes would be found
in cell D?
(d) Which cells would be haploid?
A
Figure 3
Mitosis
Meiosis
32 32
B
18. Compare the end products of mitosis
and meiosis.
19. Describe what happens to the end products
of mitosis and meiosis.
20. Describe the types of alleles that are found in
the cells of a human with a straight hairline.
21. What advantages does the asexual reproduction
of plants have for a farmer? Could this ever be
a disadvantage? Explain.
Think Critically
22. Bacteria and humans both reproduce sexually.
Explain how the outcomes are different.
23. Hermaphrodites contain both male and
female reproductive organs, and both parents
produce offspring. Why is this considered to be
sexual reproduction?
24. Using your knowledge of gametes and
chromosome numbers and types, explain why
sexual reproduction can produce a variety of
traits in individuals of the same species.
D
E
C
25. Choose one form of vegetative reproduction,
and explain how it is used in agriculture.
26. Scientists use the process of recombinant DNA
to produce useful drugs for humans. Identify
the organism that is most commonly used.
Explain how the ability to reproduce both
asexually and sexually is important for
recombinant DNA technology.
27. Choose three organisms that use internal
fertilization. Research their method of
reproduction, and compare them in terms
of the following:
• how sperm reaches the egg
• the approximate number of offspring produced
• the environmental conditions of the offspring
following birth
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28. Many fruits that we eat are seedless. How do
these plants reproduce without seeds?
29. Some countries ban the use of GMOs in human
food. Research three examples of GMOs in food
in Canada, and what the risks and benefits of
each are.
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30. Growing canola that is genetically modified
to resist a herbicide, such as Roundup, is
controversial. Use the Internet and other
sources to research the pros and cons of
herbicide-resistant crops.
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Reflect on Your Learning
31. How could you improve the way that you
conduct investigations? How would these
changes affect that data you collect?
32. In this chapter, you learned about sexual
reproduction from a biological perspective.
Has this information changed your ideas about
what sexual reproduction is? Explain your answer.
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Chapter 3 Review 105