Biology - HOT Science Lab

Teacher
During
activity:
After
activity:
2. List and define four types of damage to chromosome structure that can
cause disorders. Duplication occurs when part of a chromosome is
repeated; deletion occurs; deletion occurs when a fragment of a
chromosome is lost; inversion occurs when a fragment of a
chromosome reverses; translocation occurs when a fragment attaches
to a nonhomologous chromosome.
3. How is a mother‘s age related to the probability of nonseparation of
chromosomes in her gametes With an increase in the mother‘s age,
there is an increase in the probability of nonseparation of chromosomes
(nondisjunction) during meiosis.
What the teacher will do:
a. After each poster presentation, the following questions should be asked in
order to engage student thinking during the activity:
1. How do you recognize someone with this particular disease
2. What is/are the cause(s) of this disease
3. What are the complications of this disease Is the disease fatal
4. What are the social ramifications for those afflicted with this particular
disease
What the teacher will do:
a. Conduct a whole class discussion to assess student understanding and
connect concepts of this activity to the NGSSS. Ask the following questions
to guide your discussion:
1. What are examples of a recessive disorder, a dominant disorder, and a
sex-linked recessive disorder, and describe how each is inherited
Recessive disorders such as albinism occur when a child inherits a
recessive allele from each parent. Dominant disorders such as
Huntington‘s disease occur when a child receives at least one dominant
allele from a parent. A sex-linked recessive disorder such as
colorblindness occurs when a male inherits the allele on an X
chromosome from his mother or a female inherits the recessive allele
on both X chromosomes.
2. What does a genetic counselor do A genetic counselor examines a
couple‘s family histories for any disorders with Mendelian
characteristics; interprets genetic test results; helps couple determine
risk of passing on disease to offspring.
Extension:
Genetic Disorder Library: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/disorders/whataregd/
Gizmo: Human Karyotyping
Biology HSL Page 239
Curriculum and Instruction