Biology - HOT Science Lab

Student
Part B: Comparative Anatomy
1. Look closely at the scapula, sternum, tail, and feet of all 3 skeletons (Figure 1 and the
Deinonychus‘ casts). Note that both the Deinonychus and the bird have an extra toe that
points backward.
2. Fill in data in Table 1 by checking off which features you observe in each skeleton.
Part C: Homologous Structures
1. Carefully examine the drawings of the bones shown in Figure 2. Look for similarities
among the various animals.
2. Color each part of the human arm a different color. (Note: All bones of the wrist should be
a single color; all the bones of the hand should be a different single color, etc.). Then
color the corresponding bone in each of the other animals the same color as the human
bone.
3. Complete the Data Analysis/Results section of laboratory.
Part D: Analogous Structures
1. Examine the butterfly wing and the bird wing shown in Figure 3.
2. Complete Data Analysis/Results section of laboratory.
Part E: Vestigial Structures
1. Gradual changes have occurred through time that have in some cases reduced or
removed the function of some of the body structures and organs. The penguin's wings
and the leg bones of snakes are examples of this phenomenon.
2. Examine the cavefish and minnow shown in Figure 4. They are related, but the cavefish
is blind.
3. Complete the Data Analysis/Results section of laboratory.
Part F: Human Vestigial Structures
1. Read the list of human vestigial structures shown in Table 3. Suggest a possible function
for each structure and explain why it became vestigial. Record your answers in the table.
2. Complete the Data Analysis/Results section of laboratory.
Part G: Comparative Embryology
1. Examine the embryos in Figure 5 and list the similarities of each embryo in Table 4.
2. Complete the Data Analysis/Results section of laboratory.
Data Analysis/Results:
Part B: Comparative Anatomy
Biology HSL Page 60
Curriculum and Instruction