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Op Amps for Everyone - The Repeater Builder's Technical ...

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D/A Converter Errors and Parameters<br />

20<br />

0<br />

Amplitude — dB<br />

–20<br />

–40<br />

–60<br />

–80<br />

–100<br />

–120<br />

f 2 – f 1 2f 1 – f 2<br />

2f 2 – f 1<br />

f 1<br />

f2<br />

f 1 + f 2<br />

–130<br />

0 1 k 2 k 3 k 4 k 5 k 6 k 7 k 8 k<br />

Frequency – Hz<br />

9 k 10 k<br />

Figure 14–12.<br />

Intermodulation Distortion<br />

14.5.2.6 Settling Time<br />

<strong>The</strong> best method of combating intermodulation distortion is to make the buffer amplifier<br />

system as linear as possible (beware of rail-to-rail op amps that may not be linear near<br />

the voltage rails). Try to limit current through the internal feedback resistor in the DAC.<br />

See Paragraph 14.7.1 on increasing the voltage rail <strong>for</strong> suggestions about reducing internal<br />

feedback resistor power dissipation.<br />

<strong>The</strong> settling time of a D/A converter is the time between the switching of the digital inputs<br />

of the converter and the time when the output reaches its final value and remains within<br />

a specified error band (Figure 14–13). Settling time is the reciprocal of the maximum D/A<br />

conversion rate.<br />

14-16

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