CLIMATE ACTION PLAN - City of Urbana

4.4 APPENDIX J: ENERGY AND EMISSIONS FLOW DIAGRAMS
U.S. GHG Emissions Flow Chart
Sector/IPCC Reporting Category End Use/Activity Gas
Transportation 27.2%
Road
21.6%
Air
3.3%
Rail, Ship, & Other Transport
2.3%
Residential Buildings
15.3%
Electricity & Heat 32.4%
E N E R G Y
Other Fuel
Combustion
11.7%
Commercial Buildings
Unallocated Fuel Combustion
Iron & Steel
Aluminum/Non-Ferrous Metals
Machinery
Pulp, Paper & Printing
Food & Tobacco
12.0%
4.5%
2.2%
1.2%
1.5%
2.3%
1.7%
Carbon Dioxide
(CO 2 ) 85%
Chemicals
8.5%
Industry
12.4%
Cement
2.3%
Other Industry
5.9%
Fugitive Emissions 3.0%
Industrial Processes 4.5%
Agriculture
Waste
6.2%
2.6%
T&D Losses 2.6%
Coal Mining 1.0%
Oil/Gas Extraction,
3.0%
Refining & Processing
Agriculture Soils
Livestock & Manure
Landfills
Wastewater, Other Waste
Rice/Other Agriculture 0.1%
3.6%
2.5%
1.9%
0.8%
HFCs, PFCs, SF 6 2%
Methane
(CH 4 ) 8%
Nitrous Oxide
(N 2 O) 5%
Sources & Notes: Emissions data comes from the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2003, U.S. EPA (using the CRF document). Allocations from “Electricity & Heat” and “Industry” to end uses
are WRI estimates based on energy use data from the International Energy Agency (IEA, 2005). All data is for 2003. All calculations are based on CO2 equivalents, using 100-year global warming potentials from the IPCC
(1996), based on total U.S. emissions of 6,978 MtCO2 equivalent. Emissions from fuels in international bunkers are included under Transportation. Emissions from solvents are included under Industrial Processes.
Emissions and sinks from land use change and forestry (LUCF), which account for a sink of 821.6 MtCO2 equivalent, and flows less than 0.1 percent of total emissions are not shown. For detailed descriptions of sector and
end use/activity definitions, see Navigating the Numbers: Greenhouse Gas Data and International Climate Policy (WRI, 2005).
Source: World Resources Institute www.wri.org
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