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CLIMATE ACTION PLAN - City of Urbana

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4.4 APPENDIX J: ENERGY AND EMISSIONS FLOW DIAGRAMS<br />

Estimated U.S. Energy Use in 2010: ~98.0 Quads<br />

Lawrence Livermore<br />

National Laboratory<br />

Solar<br />

0.11<br />

0.01<br />

8.44<br />

Net Electricity<br />

Imports<br />

12.71<br />

0.09<br />

Nuclear<br />

8.44<br />

Hydro<br />

2.51<br />

Wind<br />

0.92<br />

Geothermal<br />

0.21<br />

2.49<br />

0.92<br />

0.15<br />

7.52<br />

19.13<br />

Electricity<br />

Generation<br />

39.49<br />

0.10<br />

5.06<br />

0.04<br />

0.42<br />

4.95<br />

1.22<br />

Residential<br />

11.79<br />

9.43<br />

2.36<br />

26.78<br />

Rejected<br />

Energy<br />

56.13<br />

Natural<br />

Gas<br />

24.65<br />

0.02<br />

3.28<br />

0.02<br />

0.06<br />

0.11<br />

4.54<br />

0.71<br />

3.28<br />

Commercial<br />

8.71<br />

4.65<br />

1.74<br />

6.97<br />

Energy<br />

Services<br />

41.88<br />

Coal<br />

20.82<br />

1.62<br />

2.23<br />

8.11<br />

8.01<br />

Industrial<br />

23.27<br />

18.62<br />

Biomass<br />

4.29<br />

0.44<br />

0.38<br />

0.68<br />

1.10<br />

0.03<br />

20.59<br />

Petroleum<br />

35.97<br />

25.65<br />

Transportation<br />

27.45<br />

6.86<br />

Source: LLNL 2011. Data is based on DOE/EIA-0384(2010), October 2011. If this information or a reproduction <strong>of</strong> it is used, credit must be given to the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory<br />

and the Department <strong>of</strong> Energy, under whose auspices the work was performed. Distributed electricity represents only retail electricity sales and does not include self-generation. EIA<br />

reports flows for hydro, wind, solar and geothermal in BTU-equivalent values by assuming a typical fossil fuel plant "heat rate." (see EIA report for explanation <strong>of</strong> change to geothermal in 2010).<br />

The efficiency <strong>of</strong> electricity production is calculated as the total retail electricity delivered divided by the primary energy input into electricity generation. End use efficiency is estimated as 80% for<br />

the residential, commercial and industrial sectors, and as 25% for the transportation sector. Totals may not equal sum <strong>of</strong> components due to independent rounding. LLNL-MI-410527<br />

Source: Simon, A., & Belles, R. (2011). Estimated State-Level Energy Flows in 2008, Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL).<br />

<strong>City</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Urbana</strong><br />

97

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