The evolution of European Union criminal law (1957-2012)

these political declarations, which gave it a wider scope of intervention than that
envisaged by the Treaties. In particular, these programmes mentioned more topics of
intervention than those mentioned in the Treaties. 407
Furthermore, in practice, a wide range of measures implementing these programmes and
working plans was adopted, namely framework decisions on attacks against information
systems, 408 trafficking in human beings, 409 money laundering, 410 fraud and counterfeiting
of non-cash means of payment, 411 victims’ rights, 412 terrorism, 413 sexual exploitation of
children and child pornography, 414 illicit drug trafficking, 415 organised crime, 416
corruption. 417
407 For an analysis and comparison of the different programmes and mainly so of Tampere and
Hague Programmes see, for example, E. Baker, “The European Union’s ‘Area of Freedom,
Security and (Criminal) Justice’ ten years on” (2009) 12 Criminal Law Review 833. For a review
of the Stockholm Programme and an argument that it got much closer to the hard core of States’
sovereignty in a broader context see Editorial Comment, “The EU as an Area of Freedom,
Security and Justice: Implementing the Stockholm programme” (2010) 47 Common Market Law
Review 1307.
408 Council Framework Decision 2005/222/JHA of 24 February 2005 on attacks against
information systems, OJ L 69/67 [2005], an initiative by the Commission, COM (2002) 173, OJ
C203 E/109 (2002).
409 Council Framework Decision 2002/629/JHA of 19 July 2002 on combating trafficking in
human beings, OJ L 203/1 [2002] an initiative by the Commission, COM(2000)854final/2.
410 Council Framework Decision 2001/500/JHA of 26 June 2001 relating to money laundering,
identification, tracing, freezing or seizing and confiscation of instrumentalities and proceeds from
crime, OJ L 182/1 [2001], a proposal by France, Council doc 9930/00 and 11305/00, 23
September 2000.
411
Council Framework Decision 2001/413/JHA of 28 May on combatting fraud and
counterfeiting of non-cash means of payment, OJ L 149/1 [2001], an initiative from the
Commission COM(1999)438, 14 September 1999, OJ C 376 E/20 (1999).
412 Council Framework Decision 2001/220/JHA of 15 March 2001 on the standing of victims in
criminal proceedings, OJ L 82/1 [2001], a Portuguese proposal, OJ C 243/4 (2000).
413 Council Framework Decision 2002/475/JHA on combating terrorism OJ L 164/3 [2002]; and
Council Framework Decision 2008/919/JHA amending Framework Decision on combating
terrorism OJ L 330/21 [2008], a Commission’s proposal, COM(2001) 521, 19 September 2001,
OJ C 332 E/300 (2001) and COM (2007) 650 final Brussels, 6 November 2007.
414 Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA of 22 December 2003 on combating sexual
exploitation of children and child pornography, OJ L 13/44 [2004], an initiative by the
Commission, COM (2000) 854, Brussels, 21 December 2000.
415 Council Framework Decision 2004/757/JHA of 15 October 2004 laying down minimum
provisions on the constituent elements of criminal acts and penalties in the field of illicit drug
trafficking, OJ L 335/8 [2004], another Commission’s initiative, COM (2001)259, Brussels, 23
May 2001.
416 Council Framework Decision 2008/841/JHA of 24 October on the fight against organised
crime, OJ L 300/42 [2008], a proposal by the European Commission, COM(2005)6, Brussels, 19
January 2005.
417 Council Framework Decision 2003/568/JHA of 22 July 2003 on combating corruption in the
private sector, OJ L 192/54 [2003], an initiative from Denmark, Council Doc 9953/02, 14 June
2002.
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