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Modular Flight Control & Guidance Computer BGT Bodenseewerk Gerätetechnik GmbH Integrated flight control & guidance functions: • primary flight control (FBW), incl. backup • secondary flight control (FBW) • high-lift flight control (slat/flap FBW) • flight envelope protection • auto pilot w. CatIIIb auto-land • flight director • auto throttle ref.: D.T. McRuer, D.E. Johnson: “Flight control systems: properties and problems - Vol. 1 & 2”, Feb. ‘75, 165 pp. & 145 pp., NASA CR-2500/2501 ref.: D. McRuer, I. Ashkenas, D. Graham: “Aircraft dynamics and automatic control”, Princeton Univ. Press, ‘73, 784 pp., ISBN 0-691-08083-6 ref.: J. Roskam: “Airplane flight dynamic and automatic flight controls - Part 1 & 2”, Roskam A&E Corp., 1388 pp., LoC Card no. 78-31382 ref.: R.J. Bleeg: “Commercial jet transport fly-by-wire architecture consideration”, Proc. 8th DASC, San Jose/CA, Oct. ‘88, pp. 399-406 104 ©1995-1997 F.M.G. Dörenberg
Modular Flight Control & Guidance Computer Current FCGC-program development status: • demonstrator program in cooperation with DASA • simulator and A340-rig tests: ongoing since 1Q91 • flight test scheduled for 1Q98 on VFW614 test bed • certification: primary flight control only (incl. dynamic task-reconfig concept) • development & test program: full-function FCGC BGT Bodenseewerk Gerätetechnik GmbH 105 ©1995-1997 F.M.G. Dörenberg
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Integrated and Modular Systems for
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Integrated and Modular Systems for
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Integrated and Modular Avionics •
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Engine thrust Structure & Gear Comp
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Why change avionics? • Airline/Op
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Operators seek revenue enhancement
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Why change avionics? (cont’d) •
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Why change avionics? (cont’d) •
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Avionics business • high-tech but
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Changing airtransport environment 1
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5000 Pax-km (billions, log-scale) 1
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Billions of 1995 US $ 80 60 40 20 9
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24% 23% 23% 30% 737-300 ($1834/hr)
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Big $ numbers life-time maintenance
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Save now and save later • increas
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Average schedule deviation costs de
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Integrated Modular Avionics Archite
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Fault Avoidance - prevent (by const
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Fault Tolerance Taxonomy Fault Tole
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Redundancy • Attributes: � form
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Basic ways to increase system relia
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1 System Reliability λunit = 5x10-
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Note: log-log scale F (t) 2-out-of-
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System architecture and design deci
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1.0 Rconfig(t) 0.9 0.8 dual Redunda
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Simplex Dual Triplex Quad Dual-Dual
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Integration is necessary because...
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Page 57 and 58: Integration issues • “integrate
Page 59 and 60: Fault Tolerance for Safety, Reliabi
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Page 63 and 64: Failure System Condition Design Ass
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Page 69 and 70: Standardization issues • “gener
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Page 73 and 74: Integration & Modularization • LR
Page 75 and 76: O/S I/O Maint. BIT Appl. Total CPU
Page 77 and 78: Effect of integrating additional fu
Page 79 and 80: assumes integration of related func
Page 81 and 82: Integration & Modularization • Ot
Page 83 and 84: German “WW II” radios • Modul
Page 85 and 86: German “WW II” radios • Recei
Page 87 and 88: Modular Electronics: Not a New Conc
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Page 91 and 92: IMA - Integrated Modular Avionics L
Page 93 and 94: IMA Level-1 • LRUs re-packaged as
Page 95 and 96: IMA Level-4 & -5 • Level-4: funct
Page 97 and 98: Major Areas of Systems Integration
Page 99 and 100: ATC/ATM FMS Functional Integration
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Page 103 and 104: Integrated Flight & Thrust Control
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Page 113 and 114: FCGC redundancy management - exampl
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lliedSignal A E R O S P A C E Backp
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lliedSignal A E R O S P A C E sets
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lliedSignal A E R O S P A C E Growt
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lliedSignal A E R O S P A C E Fligh
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lliedSignal A E R O S P A C E - Com
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Related utilities sub-systems that
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A/C Loads lliedSignal A E R O S P A
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lliedSignal A E R O S P A C E Globa
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1 Integrated and Modular Avionics
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3 FANS: Future Air Navigation Syste
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5 Component and System Performance
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7 Component and System Performance
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9 Future ........ (cont’d) • im
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11 150 k ↑ Total airplane signal
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13 100 MB 80 MB 20 MB 10 MB 747-200
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15 System Complexity and Size Typic
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17 Given: Extrapolation ...... •
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19 Enabling technologies - componen
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Enabling technologies - drivers for
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23 Enabling technologies - design /
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25 236-pin connector Example: PC mo
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27 Example: integrated X-band power
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29 Cold-Cathode Field Emission Disp
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31 Enabling technologies - componen
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33 Resource Partitioning - part of
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35 Enabling technologies - communic
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37 High Medium Low Enabling technol
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39 Enabling technologies � s/w
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1 BOOKS BIBLIOGRAPHY F.J. Redmill (
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3 M.L. Shooman: "A study of occurre
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