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Ibid - Australian Army

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39<br />

Study Paper No. 301<br />

Because COMAST was the senior operational commander, he was<br />

given responsibility for the development of operational art and<br />

campaign planning in the ADF. Accordingly HQAST’s Doctrine,<br />

Training and Interoperability (J7) Branch took control of the ADF<br />

Warfare Centre and its joint doctrine function. 153 During 1997–98,<br />

HQAST produced an interim edition of Decisive Manoeuvre, a<br />

pamphlet on operational level warfighting concepts and provisional<br />

doctrine on operational control entitled Theatre Command. Both<br />

documents are to be integrated into ADF doctrine during 1999. 154<br />

Finally, during 1997, the ADF adopted a common joint staff system<br />

at the operational level based on a version of that used by the North<br />

Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO). 155<br />

Low-level Operations, the 1992 Fundamentals of Land Warfare and<br />

the Operational Art<br />

During the first half of 1990s, <strong>Army</strong> planners sought to take<br />

account of low-level short-warning conflict to establish how land<br />

forces would operate as part of a joint force at all levels and across<br />

all battlefield functions. In his Development and Training Directive<br />

for the period 1 July 1990 to 30 June 1993, the CGS, Lieutenant<br />

General John Coates, tasked Training Command to review <strong>Army</strong><br />

doctrine. His aim was to ensure that existing doctrine accorded with<br />

strategic guidance and was focused on the most likely, rather than<br />

the least likely possibilities. Particular emphasis was placed on<br />

‘application appropriate to Australia’s circumstances, and on<br />

153<br />

154<br />

155<br />

<strong>Ibid</strong>.<br />

<strong>Australian</strong> Defence Force, Decisive Manoeuvre: <strong>Australian</strong><br />

Warfighting Concepts to Guide Campaign Planning, Headquarters<br />

<strong>Australian</strong> Theatre, Sydney, November 1997, interim edn; Theatre<br />

Command: <strong>Australian</strong> Defence Force Provisional Doctrine, Defence<br />

Publishing Agency, Canberra, July 1998.<br />

<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Army</strong>, Doctrine Status and Development 1996, Training<br />

Command Instruction 2/96, Headquarters Training Command,<br />

Sydney, November 1996, p. 15, para. 62.

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