Corporate Governance and Access to Finance - ESBG

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARYBackground and objectives of the studynnnAccess to Finance is an important objective for WSBI members, in thecontext of their “double bottom line” banking approach, according towhich they seek (i) to bring a return to the communities where theyoperate, including by offering financial services to underservedsegments of the population and at the same time (ii) to make areasonable profit that ensures the sustainability of the institution.WSBI members foster Access to Finance from a multi-facetedperspective:• in a geographical dimension, by providing financial products tounderserved population in rural and remote areas;• in a product dimension, by offering accessible and affordableservices, adapted to the specific needs of low income population;• and in a time dimension, by maintaining a more permanentrelationship with clients and following more stable policies in thegood and bad times, thus being less pro-cyclical than the averagebanking institution.The first two features contribute to the objective of financial inclusion,and the third one both to financial inclusion and financial stability.At the same time, WSBI members follow Corporate Governancestandards set by international bodies or institutions or by nationalregulators, which is a condition for WSBI membership. According to asurvey developed for this study, 87% of members have an internalCorporate Governance code.9
Page 6 and 7: BoxesBox 1. German Sparkassen 27Box
Page 10 and 11: nnIt seems natural to assume that C
Page 12 and 13: nnEstablishing a direct and causal
Page 14 and 15: Chart B.Corporate Governance and Ac
Page 16 and 17: nnMechanisms to ensure management a
Page 18 and 19: Are there some general “good prac
Page 20 and 21: The definition of Access to Finance
Page 22 and 23: Table 1. General characteristics of
Page 24 and 25: This list of topics is intended to
Page 27 and 28: Figure 1. Germany: population per b
Page 29 and 30: A recent WSBI publication 7 , shows
Page 31 and 32: Chart 1.Credit growth: average for
Page 33 and 34: 2.4. Accountability to stakeholders
Page 35 and 36: Ensuring QualifiedManagementMeet mi
Page 37 and 38: KPOSB is also part of the Bill & Me
Page 39: Table 4. The link between Corporate
Page 42 and 43: Indeed, deposit taking ultimately d
Page 44 and 45: Figure 3. The interaction of the po
Page 46 and 47: Table 5. Corporate Governance in th
Page 48 and 49: Banks in countries with stricter ca
Page 50 and 51: 3.2. Public banksPublic banks are o
Page 52 and 53: 3.3. Mutuals and cooperativesThis o
Page 54 and 55: PPSB has a very comprehensive Corpo
Page 56 and 57: The greater capillarity of the savi
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B. SENIOR MANAGEMENTPrinciple 5 Und
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Of particular concern is the contro
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In developing economies, Access to
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Financial sector policies that enco
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This measure will support CMACs to
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But there is a certain risk that th
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4.4. The dimensions of Access to Fi
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Chart 3.Percent of Total adults who
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5. STATISTICAL EVIDENCEAfter establ
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5.1. Corporate Governance and Acces
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Chart 4.Corporate Governance and Ac
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Specifically, the index is obtained
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Since the overall Corporate Governa
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Chart 9.Specific Corporate Governan
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In this case, the country component
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5.2.3. Corporate Governance and Num
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Chart 17. Corporate Governance Inde
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For WSBI members in developing coun
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This agency problem also holds for
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Specifically they focused on the in
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This stakeholder approach becomes e
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State owned banksState intervention
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They also report that the impact of
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Examples from the 1930’s Great De
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To build the necessary trust with p
Page 110 and 111:
The following indicators measure, i
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112
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It is important to note that this p
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The commercial success of a savings
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Sparkassen combine efficiency and c
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Sparkassen have increased their pro
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CASE STUDY 2:KENYA POST OFFICE SAVI
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While the members of the Board may
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To supplement this network, Postban
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Some examples of the relevance of t
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CASE STUDY 3:PHILIPPINES POSTAL SAV
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The Board of PPSB consists of nine
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The Post Office has 2,817 branches,
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PPSB is an institution concerned wi
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The two biggest savings banks (La C
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For example, the charter of Caixano
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According to the Banco de España t
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CASE STUDY 5:CAJAS MUNICIPALES DE A
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A distinctive characteristic of CMA
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There are other creative ways to li
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CMAC play a complementary role to p
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According to the law, at least 50 p
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154
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QUESTION18 How many board of direct
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COMPOSITE MEASURE OF ACCESS TO FINA
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160
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Country Corporate Governance IndexD
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Specific Corporate Governance Index
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- Caprio, G., L. Laeven, and R. Lev
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- Mersland, R., & Strøm, R. Ø. (2
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Corporate Governance and Access to Finance - ESBG

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