Manual - Participatory rapid diagnosis and action ... - FAO.org

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26 Chapter 3. Constituents of irrigated agricultural systempoor roads and distance to marketplace, relative monopolistic positionof a few number of middlemen, difficulty in reaching agreementbetween groups or individual farmers and middlemen)?Land tenure and water rights: What is the legislation for land tenure andwater rights?Credit: What are the conditions of credit access?Upstream and downstream water users: What impact has conflicts with otherwater users on water availability at intake? What are the existing conflictresolution mechanisms/forums?
PRDA Manual 27Chapter 4Planning the PRDASelecting Team membersA PRDA-team consists ideally of four people, but this number may be smallerwhen dealing with irrigation schemes less than 100 ha. Team members shouldpeferably be from different organizations and have different disciplinarybackgrounds. Ideally, the team members’ backgrounds and organizationsjointly cover the four constituents. For example:• Irrigation engineer• Agronomist• Economist• Specialist of farmers’ organizations.Having a senior team member makes dissemination of results easier and mayalso attract external support (Box 3).Team members can look in detail at problems related to their own disciplines.For instance, an engineer may focus on whether the information collectedabout the conveyance system makes sense and what technical solutions canbe proposed. But they should also cross-check each other’s information byBox 3. Selecting farmers for the TeamIn Kenya, a farmer representative of the Water Users Association also becamea member of the team on several irrigation schemes. As a result, it seems thatPRDA reports placed more importance on the hardware (upgrading irrigationinfrastructure) and the need for capital investment from the Government ordonors than on the software (increasing farmers’ individual skills or improvingorganization). Recent history of government-led, top-down irrigation developmentin Kenya may be an explanation.It is more common for advantages to be higher involvement and ownership byfarmers. On the other hand, participating farmers would often be local leaders.They may be “gate keepers” trying to keep sensitive information away from otherteam members, making it even more difficult for other farmers to speak aboutorganizational problems. As a conclusion, we would not recommend to includefarmers in the PRDA team.
Page 1 and 2: ManualParticipatory Rapid Diagnosis
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