Manual - Participatory rapid diagnosis and action ... - FAO.org

30 Chapter 4. Planning of PRDAownership of final results. Information can be collected either in the field orin the office. Tools for analysing data analysis are “office tools” (Box 5).Table 1 presents recommended tools for doing a PRDA, depending on thesize of the irrigation scheme.Box 5. Classification of PRDA toolsTools mainly aimed at collecting information:1. Review of secondary sources (literature): feasibility studies, designreports, books or reports about the area/region.2. Direct observations: use your eyes and record physical structures, socialdifferences, behaviour of farmers (for instance during a transect walk).3. Biophysical measurements: canal discharge, size of plots, plantingdensity, etc.4. Interviews/Discussions: with individual farmers, households,communities, community leaders (elders, WUA Board, Farmer’sCooperative Board), key-informants (local Government officials,scientists).During interviews/ discussions you can use:• questionnaires;• semi-structured interviews;• mapping: irrigation system map, water resource mapping;• ranking: constraint ranking, matrix ranking, actor constraintranking, multi-criteria analysis;• diagramming: historical trend, irrigation scheme time line, croprotation calendar, seasonal calendar, Venn diagram, gender taskanalysis, water use matrix, cause-effect diagram.Tools that can be used for Data analysis5. Stakeholder analysis.6. Organizational analysis.7. Input supply and marketing chain analysis.8. Trend analysis: historical diagramming, seasonal calendars dailyactivity charts.9. Benchmarking: compare the situation (performance) at one irrigationscheme to findings at another location.[Adapted from: Mikkelsen 1995 :70–74]