Manual - Participatory rapid diagnosis and action ... - FAO.org

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72 Annex A. Description of toolsHistorical trendsWhyTo understand structural changes to certain topics of interest. The differencewith time line is that this tool focus is on general trends over a certain timeperiod instead of on specific events during each year.How toHistorical trends can be recorded as graphs (similar to time lines) or as amatrix. The procedures for using a matrix are:1. Start by briefly introducing the purpose of the tool. Make sure that itis clear to everyone.2. Draw columns and rows on a sheet of paper to make a matrix. Listhistorical dates along the top. For example: today, 10 years ago, 20years ago.3. Write the events or indicators along the side. You can also add eventswhich the farmers themselves find important.4. Discuss important events with farmers. Also ask them how keyindicators have changed over time (for example, important localevents, important external events, major social changes, developmentinterventions, major trends). They can indicate this by, for example,drawing a graph or dividing stones/beans.Optional:5. Extend the time line to the future (5) years and ask farmers whatthey would like to see changed by them in their cropping system.Discuss the constraints with them.Example (Table A8)
PRDA Manual 73Table A8. Historical trend of Gologota Irrigation Scheme:environmental indicatorsIndicators Today 10 years ago 20 years agoPopulationdensityHighlyincreasingAverageLowFood security Food secure Food secure Food insecureRainfall Insufficient Sufficient AbundantYields of maincropsAverage Average HighSoil fertility Low Average HighPasture landareaGrass for houseroofingN° of cattleheadsFirewoodInexistent Scarce SufficientInexistent Limited AbundantSmall Average HighUnavailable inthe areaAvailable but inlimited quantityAvailableThe area is food secure despite increasing population and decreasing soilfertility, compensated by more and more massive use of chemical fertilizers.Irrigation had a negative impact on the environment.Cost benefit analysisWhyTo evaluate the profitability of crops selected by farmers.How to1. Decide what type of cost and benefits to include and exclude.2. Prepare a list of questions for the farmers.3. Try to complete the list of questions together with a farmer for oneselected crop during an interview.4. Analyse the outcome of the interview.
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ManualParticipatory Rapid Diagnosis
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PRDA ManualiiiContentsForewordAvant
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viiiForwardcomme des organisations
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xAcknowledgementsIn Ethiopia• Dod
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PRDA ManualxiiiAcronymsACCORDACSIAI
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2 Chapter 1. Introduction• change
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PRDA Manual 5Chapter 2Overview of p
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PRDA Manual 71C - Collect secondary
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PRDA Manual 9Based on the selected
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PRDA Manual 11Chapter 3Constitutent
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PRDA Manual 13Water resource and ab
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PRDA Manual 15Agricultural outputs:
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PRDA Manual 17supply and marketing
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PRDA Manual 19of irrigation organiz
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122 Annex B. Reporting sheetsPRDA M
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132 Annex B. Reporting sheetsPU16PR
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