Inaugural ASAS–CAAV Asia Pacif ic Rim Conference Abstracts

T263 Effects of leaf meal of Broussonetia papyrifera used inthe diet on performance, carcass quality, serum biochemical parameters,and digestibility of dietary nutrients in growing-finishing pigs. Z. S. Xia*,L. Tang, J. H. Huang, L. Chen, and J. P. Wu, College of Animal Science andTechnology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China.The effects of leaves meal of Broussonetia papyrifera (LBP) used in the diet onperformance, carcass quality, serum biochemical parameters, and digestibilityof dietary nutrients were studied in growing-finishing pigs. Experiment 1collected LBP from March to December and analyzed its nutrients by aconventional method. Results showed that the average values (air-driedbasis) of LBP were 15.22 MJ/kg, 19.58%, 11.94%, 9.69%, 12.37%, 38.02%,3.15%, and 0.50% for GE, CP, ether extract, crude fiber, ash , NFE, Ca, and Prespectively. Experiment 2 selected 32 crossbred DLY finishing pigs averaging75 kg in initial BW and randomly divided into 4 groups (an equal number ofmales and females per group) by B,W with 4 replicates in each group and eachreplicate having 2 pigs. These pigs were fed diets that included 0% (A), 4%(B), 8% (C), and 12% (D) LBP, respectively, for 28 d. Results showed that (1)dietary LBP had no significant influence on ADG, feed-to-gain ratio, and feedcosts for BW gain (P > 0.05); (2) dietary LBP had no significant influence onserum GLU, blood urea nitrogen, TP, ALB, Glo, A:G, AST, ALT, and AST:ALT(P > 0.05), whereas LBP had a trend of increasing the TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C(P > 0.05), and a trend of decreasing the TC (P > 0.05); (3) dietary LBP hadno significant influence on the digestibility of dietary DM, NFE, GE, ASH, andCa (P > 0.05) but had a trend of decreasing the digestibility of dietary etherextract, crude fiber, and P (P < 0.05); (4) dietary LBP could improve the carcassquality and meat color to a certain extent (P > 0.05); 5) dietary LBP had a trendof increasing the internal organ index, but there were no significant differences(P > 0.05) among groups; (6) for the tissue section of kidney and liver, slightlypathological changes were observed under a microscope for group D, whereasgroups B and C had no changes. As described above, LBP is rich in nutrients.There were no detrimental influences on growth performance, carcass quality,or serum biochemical parameters of growing-finishing pigs fed a diet thatincluded adequate (not exceeding 8%) LBP.Key Words: Broussonetia papyrifera leaf, growing-finishing pig, serumbiochemical parameterT264 Effect of temperature on nutrient values of corn strawtreated by Pleurotus ostreatus. M. Liu 1 and J. Li* 1 , 1 Northeast AgriculturalUniversity, Haerbin, Heilongjiang, China, 2 Northeast Agricultural University,Haerbin, Heilongjiang, China.A study was conducted to investigate the nutrient values of corn strawtreated by Pleurotus ostreatus at 3 temperatures to find the optimal treatmenttemperature range to achieve the greatest nutritional value of corn straw. Cornstraw chopped to pass a 3-cm screen was mixed with wheat bran, lime, andwater (approximately 67%). After sterilization, the mixture of corn strawwas inoculated with P. ostreatus in polythene bags, and incubated at 16, 20,and 24°C for a period of 30 d. Samples of the treated straw were collectedat the sixth day of the fermentation and at 3-d intervals thereafter to measurethe content of fibrous matter, enzymatic activity, and nutrient degradability inthe rumen of cattle by using the nylon bag technique. Results indicated thatthe P. ostreatus fermentation decreased the content of fiber but increased thedegradability of nutrients in treated straw in rumen. In vitro, the degradabilityvalues for NDF, ADF, cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin of the treated strawwere 9.9, 6.56, 5.35, 14.36, and 14.24%, respectively, at 24°C at the end of thetest. These degradability values were higher at 20 and 24°C compared withthose at 16°C (P < 0.05). The activity peak of lignin peroxidase and laccaseobserved between 18 and 24 d of the test and the activity level of cellulaseafter 15 d of fermentation were significantly higher at 20 and 24°C than thoseat 16°C. The DM degradability of the corn straw in the rumen increased withtreatment time up to 21 d of fermentation, and then remained constant at 20and 24°C. The degradability values of DM at 16°C and NDF of corn strawin the rumen at 3 temperatures increased linearly with time, and both weresignificantly higher at 20 and 24°C than at 16°C (P < 0.05). In conclusion,the optimal temperature range to treat corn straw with P. ostreatus to achievethe greatest nutritional value for ruminant animals was between 20 and 24°C.Under these temperatures, the optimal treatment period was between 21 and30 d.Key Words: Pleurotus ostreatus, different temperature, corn strawT265 The effects of inoculant and molasses on fermentationquality and nutritive value of alfalfa silage. F. Hashemzadeh Cigari 1 , G.R. Ghorbani* 1 , M. Khorvash 1 , A. Taghizadeh 2 , and A. Nikkhah 3 , 1 Departmentof Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology,Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran, 2 Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture,University of Tabriz, Tabriz, East Azarbayjan, Iran, 3 Department of AnimalScience, College of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a microbial inoculantand molasses on the nutritive value and fermentation quality of alfalfa silage. Inthis trial, fourth-cut alfalfa forage was harvested with standard field equipment,and after a 48-h wilt with 37% of DM, was chopped and divided to 3 portions.Molasses, at 0, 5, and 10% (DM basis), was added to each portion. Finally, eachpart was divided to 2 parts, and part 1 was inoculated with Lalsil (containingLactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionic, whereas part 2was inoculated with the same quantity of distilled water that the inoculant wasdissolved in. This trial had 6 treatments, with 3 silos per treatment. Silos werestored for 90 d at room temperature. To evaluate in situ DM degradability, 3ruminally fistulated mature sheep were used. Samples were added to polyesternylon bags and then inserted into the rumen and incubated for 24 h. In the gasproduction system, the gas produced was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36,and 48 h. The data were analyzed using a factorial design with 3 replicates.Adding molasses numerically decreased silage pH, and the acidic conditionled to decreased proteolysis but an increased acetic acid content in silage. Thiscompound led to higher DM losses in the fermentation phase. The level of 10%molasses increased in vitro DM digestibility (P < 0.05). The inoculant inducedan increased efficiency of lactic acid production, an increased lactate:acetateratio, and increased residual water-soluble carbohydrates (P < 0.05). A rapiddecline in pH significantly decreased acetic acid production, ammonia, andADIN in silages, and the inoculant increased in situ DM degradability. Aninteraction effect of molasses and inoculant showed that the bacterial inoculantwith a high level of molasses increased water soluble-carbohydrates anddigestibility and decreased acetic acid production significantly. Propionateand butyrate concentrations were below detectable concentrations (0.1 g/kg ofDM). It was concluded that a bacterial inoculant and molasses supplementation,when used simultaneously, improved silage fermentation quality.Key Words: alfalfa silage, inoculant, gas productionT266 Effects of exogenous proteolytic enzyme for improvingin vitro degradation of dried distillers grains with solubles for ruminants.J. M. Vera, J.-S. Eun, A. J. Young, and D. R. ZoBell*, Department of Animal,Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.The use of feed enzyme additives in ruminant diets is gaining acceptance as ameans of improving feed utilization and performance of domestic ruminants. Thecurrent experiment was performed to assess whether an exogenous proteolyticenzyme (EPE) would improve in vitro degradation of dried distillers grainswith solubles (DDGS). The EPE product showed positive effects on alfalfa hayand concentrate mix degradation in previous in vitro studies. A commercialenzyme product (Protex 6L, Genencor Division of Danisco, Rochester, NY,USA) having only protease activity was investigated for its effects on in vitroDM and fiber degradability of corn-based DDGS at different dose rates. TheDDGS was dried at 55°C and ground to pass a 1.0-mm screen. The EPE wasadded to the DDGS at 0 (control), 0.7, 1.4, and 2.1 mg/g of DM. The bagswere heat-sealed and placed in gastight serum culture vials. Strained ruminalfluid obtained from 2 cannulated beef cows was dispensed (5 mL per vial)into the vials. Degradability of DM and fiber was measured sequentially afterterminating the incubation at 24 h. The experiment was conducted as a completerandomized design. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS.The addition of EPE resulted in quadratic responses on degradability of DM,NDF, and ADF, and its optimal dose rate was found at 1.4 mg/g of DM. At thisdose rate, degradability of DM and NDF was improved by 3.8 percentage units,whereas ADF degradability was improved by 4.9 percentage units comparedwith the control. This study indicates that a feed enzyme product containingprotease activity effectively increased the in vitro degradation of DDGS whenit was added at 1.4 mg/g of DM. The focus of our current research is to assesswhether supplementing the protease enzyme to TMR diets having DDGS willimprove the degradability of fiber.Key Words: exogenous proteolytic enzyme, dried distillers grains withsolubles, in vitro degradation75