Inaugural ASAS–CAAV Asia Pacif ic Rim Conference Abstracts

T271 The effects of feeding expanding blood meal forpuppies. L. Dezhang*, F. Honggang, Y. Shiming, and W. Hongbin, NortheastAgricultural University, Haerbin, Heilongjiang, China.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feeding effect of expanding bloodmeal for puppies and confirm the proper additive proportion of expanding bloodmeal in puppy grain diets. Forty mongrel puppies (20 females and 20 males, twomonths old) were randomly divided into 4 groups, and each group included 5females and 5 males. Groups A, B, and C were fed with corn-soybean mealexpandingblood meal-based diets, and the proportion of expanding blood mealwas 5, 10, and 15%, respectively. Group D was fed with corn-soybean mealfishmeal-baseddiets and the proportion of fishmeal was 8%. All animals werefed for 30 d. Data were analyzed by means of ANOVA for repeated measures,followed by Tukey test to compare values over time. The α value was set at 0.05.Least significant difference was used if significance was detected. The averagedaily gain of groups A, B, and C compared with group D was 18.97% (P < 0.05),2.17% (P > 0.05), and 13.55% (P < 0.05), respectively. In comparison with othergroups, there was a significant effect on the performance of puppies in group A (P< 0.01). Weighted average price was 1.538, 1.4347, 1.3085, and 1.790 RMB/kgin group A, B, C, and D, respectively. The results showed that the more additionof expanding blood meal, the more cost reduction. The cost of per kilogram ofweight gain in this experiment was 3.2015, 2.5007, 3.6638, and 4.6540 RMB ingroup A, B, C, and D, respectively. Results of this study suggest that additionof 5% to 10% expanding blood meals can substitute fishmeal; 5% expandingblood meals reach the best feeding effect, promote animal growth, increase feedconversion, and reduce cost.T272 Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells fromporcine fibroblasts. H. Yin*, H. Cao, X. Sun, Y. Zhang, Y. Liu, Y. Tao, and X.Zhang, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University,Heifei, Anhui, China.It is not successful for generation of domesticated ungulate pluripotent embryonicstem cell lines, which limits their utility in production of transgene domesticanimals. Here we reported the generation of porcine embryonic stem cells-likecells using lentivirus expression of four defined factors (human Oct4α, porcineSox2α, c-Myc and Klf4). The porcine embryonic stem cells-like cells expressedalkaline phosphatase, Oct4, Nanog and SSEA1. And these cells could differentiateinto cell types of all three germ layers in teratomas. So the induced embryonicstem cells-like cells could be termed as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.Moreover, it may overcome current limitations on efficient gene transfer, genetargeting, chimera formation and transgenic animal production.Key Words: iPS cells, reprogramming, pluripotencyInternational Animal Agriculture PostersFatty acid composition of intramuscular fat fromT273pastoral yak and Tibetan sheep. J. P. Wu* 1 , Y. S. Peng 1 , and M. A. Brown 2 ,1Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China, 2 USDA-ARS,Grazinglands Research Laboratory, El Reno, OK, USA.Fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat from mature male yak (n = 6) andmature Tibetan sheep (n = 6) grazed on the same pasture in the Qinghai-TibetanPlateau was analyzed by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer to characterizefat composition of these species and to evaluate possible differences in nutritionalquality of meat from yak and Tibetan sheep. Percent of C16 was observed insimilar proportions for both yak and Tibetan sheep (22.1 and 22.4%, respectively).Percent of C18 was lesser (P < 0.01) in Tibetan sheep (15.6%) than yak (23.8%),whereas percent of C18:1 c9was greater (P < 0.01) in Tibetan sheep (36.9%)compared to yak (30.7%). Percent of C18:2 c9, c12and C18:3 c9, c12, c15was greater(P < 0.01) in Tibetan sheep (3.29 and 1.45%) compared to yak (1.94 and 0.83%).Percent of short-chain fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, MUFA, and PUFA wasgreater (P < 0.01) in Tibetan sheep (0.13, 53.6, 44.3, and 9.3%, respectively) thanyak (0.08, 45.0, 39.4, and 5.6%, respectively). Percent of CLA (C18:2 c9,t11) wasgreater (P < 0.01) in intramuscular fat of Tibetan sheep than yak (1.19 vs. 0.67%)and percent of saturated fatty acids in Tibetan sheep was lesser (P < 0.01) thanyak (45.8 vs. 53.8%). The ratios of n-3 to n-6 fatty acids and polyunsaturated tosaturated fatty acids were also greater (P < 0.01) in Tibetan sheep (0.41 and 0.22)than yak (0.28 and 0.11). Consequently, results from this research suggest a morefavorable intramuscular fatty acid profile in Tibetan sheep than yak.Key Words: fatty acid, yak, Tibetan sheepT274 Differences in fatty acid composition of milk fat fromruminants of different species and breeds. Y. S. Peng* 1 , M. A. Brown 2 , andJ. P. Wu 1 , 1 Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China, 2 USDA-ARS, Grazinglands Research Laboratory, El Reno, OK, USA.Milk has an important dietary role in rural households in western China and thefatty acid profile of milk is of interest because of the role of different fatty acidsin human nutrition. Fatty acid profiles of milk from goats (n = 12), Holstein cows(n = 12), and yaks (n = 12) were compared in one study to evaluate differencesin fatty acid profiles where the species were managed according to conventionalpractices. Yak were managed entirely on pasture, goats were grazed on pasturebut lotted at night and fed a supplement, and Holstein cows were managed indry lot and fed a diet conventional for milk cows. A second study was donecomparing fatty acid profiles of milk from Chinese yellow cattle (n = 12)with milk from Simmental cows (n = 12) where the Chinese yellow cattle andSimmental were managed on the same farm and fed the same supplement. Inthe first experiment, goats were greater (P < 0.01) in percentage of short-chainfatty acids than Holstein, especially C8 and C10 fatty acids, which have beenimplicated in flavor. Percentage of C18 was lesser (P < 0.01) in goats thanHolstein or yak. Percentage of conjugated linoleic acid isomers (C18:3 c9,t11andC18:3 c9, c12, c15) was greater (P < 0.01) in yak (1.47 and 1.55%) than Holstein (0.60and 0.48%) and goat (1.14 and 0.55%), which probably reflects both speciesdifferences and differences in nutritional management. Additionally, the ratio ofn-3 to n-6 fatty acids was greater (P < 0.01) in yak than goats or Holstein. Inthe second experiment, percentage of C18 was greater in Chinese yellow cattlethan Simmental cattle, but percentage of conjugated linoleic acid (C18:3 c9,t11) wasgreater (P < 0.01) in milk from Simmental cattle compared to Chinese yellowcattle. Results suggest that improvements in human nutrition associated withbeneficial fatty acids are possible through selection of milk from appropriatebreeds, species, and management.Key Words: milk, fatty acid, ruminantT275 Effects of barley genotypes (collected at threeconsecutive years) and genotypes and environment interaction on predictednutrient supply and nutrient availability using the Dutch DVE FeedEvaluation System. K. Hart and P. Yu*, Department of Animal and PoultryScience, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan,Saskatchewan, SK, Canada.The objective of this study was to use the Dutch DVE Feed Evaluation Systemto investigate the effects of barley genotypes and genotypes and environmentinteraction on predicted nutrient supply. The 6 barley genotype samples weregrown in western Canada-Saskatchewan and collected at 3 consecutive years. Theresults showed that both genotype and years have significant effects (P < 0.05) onpredicted nutrient supply and nutrient availability in ruminants. Fermentable OMamong barley varieties was from 606 to 655 g/kg of DM (P < 0.05); energy-basedmicrobial protein synthesis was from 90 to 98 g/kg of DM (P < 0.05); nitrogenbasedmicrobial protein synthesis was from 56 to 68 g/kg of DM (P < 0.05); totalprotein supply to small intestine was from 130 to 138 g/kg of DM; undigestedOM was from 82 to 116 g/kg of DM (P < 0.05); undigested ash was from 18 to20 g/kg of DM (P < 0.05); endogenous protein was from 8 to 10 g/kg of DM (P< 0.05); but not difference in absorbable RUP with average of 52 g/kg of DM(P > 0.05); total absorbable protein in the small intestine (DVE) value was from100 to 110 g/kg of DM (P < 0.05). All of the barley genotypes provided negativedegraded protein balance value and ranged from –30 to –41 g/kg of DM, whichindicated potential nitrogen shortage in the rumen.Key Words: DVE Feed Evaluation System, genotype and environmentinteraction, barley77