Global Tuberculosis Report -- 2012.pdf

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VIET NAMPopulation 2011 89 millionHIGH TB BURDEN | HIGH HIV BURDEN | HIGH MDR-TB BURDENEstimates of TB burden a 2011NUMBER (thousands) RATE (per 100 000 population)Mortality (excludes HIV+TB) 30 (12–55) 33 (14–62)Prevalence (includes HIV+TB) 290 (130–500) 323 (148–563)Incidence (includes HIV+TB) 180 (140–220) 199 (153–250)Incidence (HIV+TB) 14 (11–18) 16 (12–20)Case detection, all forms (%) 56 (44–73)TB case notifications 2011NEW CASES (%) RETREATMENT CASES (%)Smear-positive 50 719 (55) Relapse 6 925 (80)Smear-negative 20 205 (22) Treatment after failure 621 (7)Smear-unknown/not done Treatment after default 376 (4)Extrapulmonary 17 934 (20) Other 717 (8)Other 2 679 (3)Total new 91 537 Total retreatment 8 639Mortality (excludes HIV+TB) (rateper 100 000 population per year)Prevalence(rate per 100 000 population)8060402001990 1995 2000 2005 201060040020001990 1995 2000 2005 2010Other (history unknown)Total new and relapse 98 462 Total cases notifi ed 100 176New casesM:F ratio 3.0Age < 15 95SMEAR-NEGATIVE/SMEAR-POSITIVE UNKNOWN/NOT DONE EXTRAPULMONARYLaboratories 2011Smear (per 100 000 population) 0.9Culture (per 5 million population) 1.4Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population) 0.1Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?Is there a national reference laboratory?Treatment success rate 2010 (%)Yes, in countryNew smear-positiveIs rifampicin used throughout(and/or culture-positive) 92 treatment for new patients? NoNew smear-negative/extrapulmonary 92Retreatment 69YesIncidence (rate per 100 000population per year)Treatment success rate (%)2502001501005001990 1995 2000 2005 2011Incidence Incidence (HIV+TB) Notifications1008060402001996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010TB/HIV 2011 NUMBER (%)TB patients with known HIV status 59 094 (59)HIV-positive TB patients 4 713 (8)HIV-positive TB patients on co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) 3 396 (72)HIV-positive TB patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) 2 258 (48)HIV-positive people screened for TBHIV-positive people provided with IPTEstimates of MDR-TB burden 2011 a NEW RETREATMENT% of TB cases with MDR-TB 2.7 (2.0–3.6) 19 (14–25)MDR-TB cases among notifi edpulmonary TB cases 2 000 (1 500–2 700) 1 700 (1 200–2 200)Number of patients70006000500040003000200010000New smear-positive (and/or culture-positive) RetreatmentNew smear-negative/extrapulmonary2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Reported cases of MDR-TB 2011 NEW RETREATMENT TOTALHIV-positive TB patients on CPT on ARTCases tested for MDR-TBLaboratory-confi rmed MDR-TB cases 601Patients started on MDR-TB treatment 57880Financing TB control 2012 2013Total budget (US$ millions) 73 63Available funding (US$ millions) 16 18% of budget funded 22 29% available funding from domestic sources 32% available funding from the Global Fund 68 69US$ millions60402002006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013aRanges represent uncertainty intervals.Total budgetAvailable fundingGLOBAL TUBERCULOSIS REPORT 2012 Data can be downloaded from www.who.int/tb/data 127
ZIMBABWEPopulation 2011 13 millionHIGH TB BURDEN | HIGH HIV BURDENEstimates of TB burden a 2011NUMBER (thousands) RATE (per 100 000 population)Mortality (excludes HIV+TB) 6.0 (2.4–11) 47 (19–88)Prevalence (includes HIV+TB) 70 (37–110) 547 (287–889)Incidence (includes HIV+TB) 77 (59–96) 603 (466–757)Incidence (HIV+TB) 46 (36–58) 360 (279–452)Case detection, all forms (%) 50 (40–65)TB case notifications 2011NEW CASES (%) RETREATMENT CASES (%)Smear-positive 12 596 (34) Relapse 1 444 (33)Smear-negative 15 303 (41) Treatment after failure 176 (4)Smear-unknown/not done 3 869 (10) Treatment after default 152 (3)Extrapulmonary 5 192 (14) Other 2 573 (59)Other 0 (0)Total new 36 960 Total retreatment 4 345Mortality (excludes HIV+TB) (rateper 100 000 population per year)Prevalence(rate per 100 000 population)8060402001990 1995 2000 2005 201080060040020001990 1995 2000 2005 2010Other (history unknown) 0Total new and relapse 38 404 Total cases notifi ed 41 305New casesSMEAR-NEGATIVE/SMEAR-POSITIVE UNKNOWN/NOT DONE EXTRAPULMONARYM:F ratio 1.2 1.1 1.1Age < 15 326 2 635 459Laboratories 2011Smear (per 100 000 population) 1.2Culture (per 5 million population) 0.8Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population) 0.8Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?NoIs there a national reference laboratory?YesTreatment success rate 2010 (%)New smear-positiveIs rifampicin used throughout(and/or culture-positive) 81 treatment for new patients? YesNew smear-negative/extrapulmonary 75Retreatment 74TB/HIV 2011 NUMBER (%)TB patients with known HIV status 35 361 (86)HIV-positive TB patients 21 125 (60)HIV-positive TB patients on co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) 6 203 (29)HIV-positive TB patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) 14 090 (67)HIV-positive people screened for TBHIV-positive people provided with IPTEstimates of MDR-TB burden 2011 a NEW RETREATMENT% of TB cases with MDR-TB 1.9 (1.0–3.3) 8.3 (1.8–22)MDR-TB cases among notifi edpulmonary TB cases 610 (330–1 000) 360 (76–980)Incidence (rate per 100 000population per year)Treatment success rate (%)Number of patients100080060040020001990 1995 2000 2005 2011908070605040302010035 00030 00025 00020 00015 00010 00050000Incidence Incidence (HIV+TB) Notifications1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010New smear-positive (and/or culture-positive)New smear-negative/extrapulmonaryRetreatment2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Reported cases of MDR-TB 2011 NEW RETREATMENT TOTALHIV-positive TB patients on CPT on ARTCases tested for MDR-TB 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 1 197Laboratory-confi rmed MDR-TB cases 0 0 118Patients started on MDR-TB treatment 64Financing TB control 2012 2013Total budget (US$ millions) 40 38Available funding (US$ millions) 14 14% of budget funded 36 37% available funding from domestic sources 17 20% available funding from the Global Fund 58 55US$ millions4540353025201510502006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013aRanges represent uncertainty intervals.Total budgetAvailable funding128 Data can be downloaded from www.who.int/tb/data GLOBAL TUBERCULOSIS REPORT 2012
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GLOBALTUBERCULOSISREPORT2012
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ContentsAbbreviationsivAcknowledgem
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AcknowledgementsThis report on glob
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WHO Western Pacific RegionShalala A
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Executive SummaryThe World Health O
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CHAPTER 1IntroductionBOX 1.1Basic f
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TABLE 1.1 Targets for the scale-up
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TABLE 1.2 Reporting of data in the
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BOX 2.1Uncertainty in estimates of
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TABLE 2.2 Estimated burden of disea
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FIGURE 2.5 Estimated TB incidence r
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FIGURE B2.2.1Reporting of notificat
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FIGURE 2.8Estimated TB incidence ra
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FIGURE 2.11 Countries (in blue) for
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FIGURE 2.12 Trends in estimated TB
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● producing and widely disseminat
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FIGURE 2.16 Progress in global cove
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BOX 2.6Efforts by the Task Force to
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CHAPTER 3TB case notificationsand t
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BOX 3.1 1Definitions of TB casesDef
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TABLE 3.3 Contribution of public-pr
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BOX 3.4Integrating community-based
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TABLE 3.4 Estimates of the case det
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TABLE 3.5 Treatment success for new
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CHAPTER 4Drug-resistant TBKEY FACTS
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FIGURE 4.2 Percentage of new TB cas
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BOX 4.1Frequencies of resistance to
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FIGURE 4.6 Number of MDR-TB cases e
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FIGURE 4.7Notified cases of MDR-TB
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egimens globally, providing more su
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5.1 Funding for TB care and control
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TABLE 5.2 NTP budgets, available fu
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FIGURE 5.5Trends in domestic and do
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FIGURE 5.6Domestic funding as a per
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FIGURE 5.8Cost per TB patient succe
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FIGURE 5.10 Total cost and unit cos
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● The 14 countries not included i
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on public health by an external Exp
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evised as a result of the introduct
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TABLE 6.2 Incorporation of WHO poli
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FIGURE 6.3The Supranational Referen
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of TB disease by 65%, irrespective
Page 86 and 87: FIGURE 7.3Percentage of TB patients
Page 88 and 89: BOX 7.1Accelerating progress in pro
Page 90 and 91: TABLE 7.2 Assumptions used to estim
Page 92 and 93: FIGURE 8.1 The development pipeline
Page 94 and 95: sputum specimens and TB isolates fr
Page 96 and 97: cal trial sites and building labora
Page 98: new TB vaccine candidate. A Phase I
Page 102 and 103: This annex explains the methods tha
Page 104 and 105: 2011. On average, 15 data points we
Page 106 and 107: may suffer from biases. These biase
Page 108 and 109: TABLE A1.3Parameter estimates used
Page 110 and 111: 5. Estimates of TB prevalence, 1990
Page 112: the Republic of Moldova, Romania, t
Page 116 and 117: AFGHANISTANPopulation 2011 32 milli
Page 118 and 119: BRAZILPopulation 2011 197 millionHI
Page 120 and 121: CHINAPopulation 2011 1 348 millionH
Page 122 and 123: ETHIOPIAPopulation 2011 85 millionH
Page 124 and 125: INDONESIAPopulation 2011 242 millio
Page 126 and 127: MOZAMBIQUEPopulation 2011 24 millio
Page 128 and 129: NIGERIAPopulation 2011 162 millionH
Page 130 and 131: PHILIPPINESPopulation 2011 95 milli
Page 132 and 133: SOUTH AFRICAPopulation 2011 50 mill
Page 134 and 135: UGANDAPopulation 2011 35 millionHIG
Page 138: ANNEX 3Regional profiles
Page 141 and 142: WHO REGION OF THE AMERICASPopulatio
Page 143 and 144: WHO EUROPEAN REGIONPopulation 2011
Page 145 and 146: WHO WESTERN PACIFIC REGIONPopulatio
Page 148 and 149: SUMMARY BY WHO REGIONTable A4.1 Est
Page 150 and 151: MORTALITY (EXCLUDING HIV) PREVALENC
Page 152 and 153: NEW AND RELAPSENOTIFICATION RATE aY
Page 154 and 155: -% OF TB PATIENTS WITHKNOWN HIV STA
Page 156 and 157: AFRICAN REGIONTable A4.1 Estimates
Page 162 and 163: INCIDENCE (INCLUDING HIV) INCIDENCE
Page 164 and 165: NEW AND RELAPSENOTIFICATION RATE aY
Page 166 and 167: NEW AND RELAPSENOTIFICATION RATE a1
Page 168 and 169: TREATMENT SUCCESS (%) a1995-2010YEA
Page 174 and 175: -% OF TB PATIENTS WITHKNOWN HIV STA
Page 176 and 177: YEARTOTALCONFIRMEDCASES OFMDR-TB aE
Page 178 and 179: MALEYEAR 0-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-
Page 180 and 181: REGION OF THE AMERICASTable A4.1 Es
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INCIDENCE (INCLUDING HIV) INCIDENCE
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NEW AND RELAPSENOTIFICATION RATE a1
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% OF COHORTTREATMENT SUCCESS (%) a1
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-% OF TB PATIENTS WITHKNOWN HIV STA
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YEARTOTALCONFIRMEDCASES OFMDR-TB aE
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MALEFEMALEYEAR 0-14 15-24 25-34 35-
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EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGIONTable A
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MORTALITY (EXCLUDING HIV) PREVALENC
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EUROPEAN REGIONTable A4.1 Estimates
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SOUTH-EAST ASIA REGIONTable A4.1 Es
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SMEAR LABS % OF SMEARPER 100K LABS
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Estimates of mortality, prevalence
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YEARPOPULATION(MILLIONS)MORTALITY (
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YEARPOPULATION(MILLIONS)INCIDENCE (
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YEARPOPULATION(MILLIONS)INCIDENCE (
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TREATMENT SUCCESS (%) a1995-2010YEA
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TREATMENT SUCCESS (%) a1995-2010YEA
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SMEAR LABS % OF SMEARPER 100K LABS
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