114 ENGAGING YOUNG PEOPLE?7.2.3 EXPERIENCES OF UNEMPLOYMENTTurning to <strong>the</strong> qualitative interviews, in total five respondents wereunemployed at <strong>the</strong> time <strong>of</strong> interview, two <strong>of</strong> whom had dropped out <strong>of</strong>LCA. This group were unemployed for a number <strong>of</strong> reasons such as illness,injuries which led to absence from work for long periods in addition tothose unable to gain access to <strong>the</strong> labour market. One example, Roy haddropped out <strong>of</strong> LCA in fifth year and was long-term unemployed at <strong>the</strong>time <strong>of</strong> interview. When he left LCA, he had done a trial period with akitchen fitting company which he had hoped would eventually lead to anapprenticeship. He was, however, unsuccessful in getting this job and hasnot worked since <strong>the</strong>n. He has made attempts to secure employment anddo courses through FÁS but was not successful. As soon as he turned 18years he began receiving social welfare:I would have been up in FÁS and all, <strong>the</strong>y were getting me work … you knowwhat I mean, do, I was supposed do a computer course <strong>the</strong>re, but I just never didit…It was only about a year ago I’d say.Did you just go on <strong>the</strong> dole <strong>the</strong>n when you left school, was thathow you got by?The minute I turned 18 straight on <strong>the</strong> dole, best thing ever, oh free money, yeah.(Roy, 22, dropped out <strong>of</strong> LCA, unemployed)Roy has become frustrated and has made attempts to get a job orapprenticeship during this time, but without success:I went for, <strong>the</strong>re was, petrol station down <strong>the</strong>re, I tried that, I went to a gym to bea fitness instructor, I actually was supposed to have a job <strong>the</strong>re, how long ago,about a year and a half ago, I broke my arm….on <strong>the</strong> Saturday, two days beforeI was supposed to start working on a building site, me arm got broken.How’d you break it?Fighting with one <strong>of</strong> my friends.And are jobs tight around here, like would <strong>the</strong>re be many?Oh, fuck all…Nothing, nothing at all.Did you ever think about doing an apprenticeship or anythinglike that?That’s what I was trying for down in [name <strong>of</strong> town], apprenticeship, couldn’t getit.In what?Carpentry.(Roy, 22, dropped out <strong>of</strong> LCA, unemployed)Tim was also unemployed at <strong>the</strong> time <strong>of</strong> interview and was looking forwork as a security guard. He felt his unemployment was due to a longabsence from work after he was injured in a car crash after he left school.He now feels <strong>the</strong>se injuries limit what jobs he can do:I’m able to do certain…types <strong>of</strong> security, like retail security is just walkingaround and looking at cameras all day, that’s what I’m going for. (Tim, 21,completed LCA, unemployed)However, Tim felt he had o<strong>the</strong>r options and stated that if he cannotfind a job he is considering going to college in England where he now lives:
LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES 115If I can’t get any work I probably would go into studying, college or something inEngland.Is <strong>the</strong>re any particular area that you’d like to go back and doagain?Well <strong>the</strong>re’s a course, <strong>the</strong>re’s an apprenticeship going on where <strong>the</strong>re <strong>the</strong> collegewhere my girlfriend is, she’s doing business and administration and <strong>the</strong>n <strong>the</strong>re’s amanagement one as well, management apprenticeship. (Tim, 21, completedLCA, unemployed)Using School Leavers’ Survey data, <strong>the</strong> next section considers <strong>the</strong> mainindustrial and occupational sectors in which school leavers are employed.7.2.4 LCA SCHOOL LEAVERS’ INDUSTRIAL ANDOCCUPATIONAL SECTORSSchool leavers in employment one year after leaving school aredifferentiated according to <strong>the</strong> Industrial Sector in which <strong>the</strong>y are employed(based on <strong>the</strong> Census Classification <strong>of</strong> Industries 1986) in Figure 7.6, with malesand females presented separately in Figures 7.7 and 7.8. Industrial sectorsare classified as follows:• Distribution (Wholesale and Retail, Food, Drinks, Pubs, Clo<strong>the</strong>sShops, Petrol Stations);• Industry (Construction, Engineering, Utilities, Food, Textiles);• Personal Services;• O<strong>the</strong>r (Agriculture and Fisheries, Banking, Transport andCommunications, Public Administration, Pr<strong>of</strong>essional Services).Overall, LCA completers are somewhat less likely to enter employmentin Industry than <strong>the</strong> early leavers. The LCA group display patterns whichare not dissimilar to <strong>the</strong> <strong>Leaving</strong> <strong>Certificate</strong> completers.Figure 7.6: Industrial Sector <strong>of</strong> School Leavers in Employment One YearAfter <strong>Leaving</strong> School (2001-2005 Leavers)100%80%60%40%O<strong>the</strong>rPersonal ServicesIndustryDistribution20%0%Low Medium-Low Medium-High HighNo Quals Junior Cert LCA LCE/LCVP LCE/LCVP LCE/LCVP LCE/LCVPSource: School Leavers' Surveys 2002-2007.