54 ENGAGING YOUNG PEOPLE?Ah <strong>the</strong>y were warning me about it like saying, teachers from <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r <strong>Leaving</strong>,<strong>the</strong> LCA, you know, it’s a lot different and it’s going to be doing fundraisingstuff like, you know, for your exams and all, that’s <strong>the</strong> sort <strong>of</strong> stuff we weredoing, now out <strong>of</strong> our school activities and, <strong>the</strong>y want you to really apply ourselvesso, no messing, no nothing…yeah <strong>the</strong>y were just being, being nice about it youknow and telling me how different it was like and…I was with all my mates aswell but when I found out what teachers were doing that like, that’s what swayedme a bit more, yeah. (Andrew, 21, completed LCA, apprentice)4.4.5 PEER INFLUENCEGrouping <strong>of</strong> students according to ability may have importantconsequences for student relationships. Thus students may be more opento influence from close friends who are similar to <strong>the</strong>m in background andschool experiences (Hallinan and Williams, 1990, p. 124). This study foundthat students’ friendships and interactions during junior cycle, particularlyin lower streamed classes shaped aspirations during <strong>the</strong> decision makingprocess. Nearly 10 per cent <strong>of</strong> those surveyed stated that <strong>the</strong>y chose LCAbecause <strong>the</strong>ir friends were taking it. Peer influence featured strongly in <strong>the</strong>qualitative interviews but not generally in isolation as many respondents felt<strong>the</strong>re were combined factors which influenced <strong>the</strong>ir decision. Andrew, Jackand Ronan were influenced by <strong>the</strong>ir group <strong>of</strong> friends who had chosen <strong>the</strong>programme at <strong>the</strong> end <strong>of</strong> third year:As far as I can remember…some <strong>of</strong> my mates had already picked it, withouteven saying anything and <strong>the</strong>y, <strong>the</strong>re was two spots left and I was like shit…youknow, I was just trying to follow my mates to be honest, you know what I meanand I was talking with <strong>the</strong> year head and all and she was explaining <strong>the</strong>difference between LCA and <strong>the</strong> <strong>Leaving</strong> Cert, as much <strong>of</strong> me mates were in <strong>the</strong><strong>Leaving</strong> Cert and when I seen how much difference it was <strong>the</strong>n I just decideddefinitely, get me in <strong>the</strong>re you knowDo you think you would have done <strong>the</strong> <strong>Leaving</strong> if you know,your friends hadn’t been with you?Yeah, I’d say so, yeah, maybe, <strong>the</strong>y had a pull, we were always toge<strong>the</strong>r like, weall stood toge<strong>the</strong>r, you know. (Andrew, 21, completed LCA, apprentice)I was in two minds about doing <strong>the</strong> real <strong>Leaving</strong> Cert and that and when I foundout that <strong>the</strong>re was only one <strong>of</strong> my mates out <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> whole lot <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m doing it I saidI’d ra<strong>the</strong>r I went to LCA and kind <strong>of</strong>, might get a buzz as well like. (Jack, 23,dropped out <strong>of</strong> LCA, employed)It was definitely due to a lot <strong>of</strong> my friends taking it…we had kind <strong>of</strong> grown closeover <strong>the</strong> last three years, you know and like, I didn’t really want to go intoano<strong>the</strong>r class with people I didn’t really know too well, plus when <strong>the</strong>y talkedabout it, it seemed pretty interesting. (Ronan, 25, completed LCA,apprentice)Fiona was reluctant to take <strong>the</strong> LCA as she believed <strong>the</strong>re was a negativeperception <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> programme in <strong>the</strong> school. Some teachers wereencouraging her to do it but she recognised that she could work harder anddo LCE. It was not until she found out about her friends taking it that shemade her decision:
PATHWAYS INTO LCA 55I didn’t want to do it because it only came, it was only like three or four years in<strong>the</strong> school.Did you know anybody who’d ever done it before?Yeah, but <strong>the</strong>re was always this kind <strong>of</strong> very stereotypical view <strong>of</strong> it that peoplewho did it were like….So [<strong>the</strong> guidance counsellor] said to me, oh I think thiscould be <strong>the</strong> best option for you, I was just like, no I don’t want to do it. And<strong>the</strong>n I was like, no, I’ll work harder like and I knew that I had <strong>the</strong> ability towork harder, I just didn’t want to because I was in school like. And <strong>the</strong>n myfriends ended up doing it as well and some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m weren’t even asked, <strong>the</strong>y reallywanted to do it and I was like if <strong>the</strong>y’re all doing it, sure I might as well. (Fiona,25, completed LCA, employed)Barbara’s decision was influenced by her group <strong>of</strong> friends who she felthad struggled with <strong>the</strong> same subjects as her in junior cycle and wereattracted to <strong>the</strong> LCA to <strong>the</strong> pre-employment nature <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> course:There was a couple <strong>of</strong> us interested in doing it and same with my friend, shewould have been in a lot <strong>of</strong> my classes as well, Irish, French…Struggling with <strong>the</strong>same stuff and because her cousin was doing it in [name <strong>of</strong> village] she said go,it’s great. (Barbara, 23, completed LCA, employed)An important feature that arose in <strong>the</strong> interviews, however, was <strong>the</strong> view<strong>of</strong> LCA as an ‘easy option’ by some respondents. Described as a ‘doss’,‘dead handy’ or an ‘easy ride’, <strong>the</strong> programme was seen as a way <strong>of</strong>finishing school without homework, studying and stress. Linda and Donalfelt that many <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir classmates opted for <strong>the</strong> LCA because <strong>the</strong>y thoughtit would be easier than LCE:People thought it would be a doss two years, you know, people in my classanyway, that’s <strong>the</strong> way a lot <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m were acting as if it was a doss two years like,you know. (Linda, 21, completed LCA, student)Just doss, everyone thought it was a doss like. (Donal, 23, dropped out <strong>of</strong>LCA, apprentice)All you do is go to school and you basically pass, so like, everyone was going to dothat like, you know what I mean. (Roy, 22, dropped out <strong>of</strong> LCA,unemployed)However, o<strong>the</strong>r respondents complained about this attitude to <strong>the</strong> LCAand believed that it prevented dedicated students from learning:It stopped a lot <strong>of</strong> people like, we had four people on this side, four would be onthis side say and we wanted to work and <strong>the</strong>y were pretending it was a doss class,you know like what I mean like, back and forth. (Linda, 21, completedLCA, student)