Archaeological Investigations at Yourhaney Plantation (38GE18)

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172Feature 137 (Prehistoric Pit)A total of three indeterminate elements were recovered from Feature 137. These specimens offerlittle subsistence information and show no signs of burning, calcination, or butchering.Feature 145 (Prehistoric Pit)A single indeterminate vertebrate element was recovered from Feature 145. This element wascalcined, indicating exposure to a high temperature fire, prolonged exposure to a fire, or acombination of both.Feature 190 (Double Prehistoric Post)Faunal remains recovered from Feature 190 consist of a single mollusca shell fragment. Thisspecimen shows no indication of burning or calcination.Feature 197 (Historic Post)The faunal remains recovered from Feature 197 include an indeterminate vertebrate element and askull fragment from a large mammal. These remains show no signs of burning, calcination, orbutchering.Feature 201 (Historic Post)Feature 201 contained a relatively large number of faunal remains representing a variety ofspecies. Large and very large mammals were represented by deer (Odocoileus virginianus), pig(Sus scrofa), and cow (Bos taurus). This grouping alone indicates utilization of both domesticatesand game foods. Eastern grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) remains were found in this featureindicating hunting activities in a hardwood or mixed forest environment (Whitaker 1980: 488). Alarge number of bird (Aves) bones were recovered.Of the 50 specimens, 40 are longbone shaft fragments. This indicates discard of meat bearingelements into the feature. A single turtle longbone was recovered and could either be commensalor subsistence related. It is more likely that this individual was eaten, due to the fact that moreelements would have been recovered if the animal had crawled into the feature and died. Fishremains are fairly abundant and show that the fish being consumed at the site ranged in size from10 to 40 cm in length (SL).Identified species include: bass (Percichthyidae), gar (Lepisosteidae), bowfin (Amia calva), catfish(Siluriformes), and drum (Sciaenidae). These species represent harvest from main channel andpossibly still water environments. Invertebrate remains consist of indeterminate bivalves, oyster(Crassostrea virginica), and a fragment of fossil sand dollar (Clypeasteroida). The latter was not asubsistence remain, but likely part of the soil in which the feature was located or brought in as acuriosity item.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT YOURHANEY PLANTATION173Feature 203 (Surface #1)Feature 203 is from a surface collection. Two faunal elements, a cow (Bos taurus) tooth and aclam (Bivalvia Linnaeus) valve fragment, were found in this provenience. These specimens show nosigns of burning, calcination, or butchering.Feature 204 (Prehistoric Post)Faunal remains recovered from Feature 204 consist of two indeterminate vertebrate elements, alarge mammal longbone shaft fragment, and a piece of turtle (Testudines) shell. The large mammallong bone has evidence of burning, which is either from cooking, discard into a fire after eating, orburning of trash to keep odors and/or vermin at bay.Feature 208 (Clay Extraction/Trash Pit)Feature 208 contains the largest number of faunal remains within the site assemblage. A total of853 bones weighing 839 grams were recovered. While the number of elements is higher thanother Yauhannah Bluff features, the species diversity is virtually the same as that of other features atthe site. Butcher marks are more prevalent than in other features and are relegated to very largeand large mammal species such as pig (Sus scrofa), deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and cow (Bostaurus). Both cranial and postcranial elements are represented, which possibly indicates butcheringtaking place on site and perhaps the keeping of live domesticates that were occasionallyslaughtered.A femur of a fox squirrel (Sciurus niger) was found indicating an oak forest, mixed forest, cypressswamp, or pine forest habitat (Whitaker 1980: 492-3). Bird bone consisted mostly of longboneshaft fragments. Three longbone shaft fragments from turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) were identified.This species was most likely hunted and killed, although it could have been a domesticate.Fish are represented by bowfin (Amia calva), catfish (Siluriformes), bass (Percichthyidae), andbrim/bass (Centrachidae/Percichthyidae). The standard lengths of these individuals range from 20to 40 cm in length (SL). The standardization of size grades may be a result of either net fishing orsome other size selective capture technique. The simple process of throwing back smaller fishcould explain this pattern as well. Invertebrate remains are less abundant in Feature 208 than inother features. Clam (Bivalvia Linnaeus) and oyster (Crassostrea virginica) are the two speciesidentified from this feature. A fragment of fossil sand dollar (Clypeasteroida) was also found.Feature 213 (Post)Faunal remains recovered from Feature 213 consist of a single indeterminate vertebrate element.This specimen exhibits no signs of burning, calcination, or butchering.Feature 217 (Historic Post)Faunal remains from Feature 217 consist of two indeterminate vertebrate remains, a single largemammal longbone shaft fragment, and a clam (Bivalvia Linnaeus) valve fragment. None of theseremains possess indications of butchering, burning, or calcination.
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iiThis reports provides a thorough
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viFigure 51. Magnetic north view of
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viiiLIST OF ACRONYMS ANDABBREVIATIO
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ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT YO
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Figure 4Barnwell-Hammerton Map of 1
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SettlementFigure 51754 plat of Will
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26Figure 7Faden’s 1780 Edition of
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28Figure 9Mills’ Atlas Showing th
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30Their brother Charles C. P. Alsto
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32At the time of the Civil War, the
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Figure 101925 Plat of Yauhannah Blu
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Figure 12Electromagnetic Anomaly Ma
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Figure 17Distribution of wrought na
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Figure 23. Plan Drawing of Area BAR
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Page 133 and 134: ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT YO
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Page 142 and 143: 130Several different comparison rat
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Page 146 and 147: 134 |Table 14. Sample Volume, Wood
Page 148 and 149: 136 |Table 15. Total Counts and Wei
Page 150 and 151: 138 |Table 16. Recovered Condiments
Page 152 and 153: |140FeatureTotalWood Monocot PineRe
Page 154 and 155: 142 |FeatureRedElm/ HophornbeamMapl
Page 156 and 157: 144Summary of Mississippian Period
Page 158 and 159: 146One species of bedstraw sustains
Page 160 and 161: 148The macroplant assemblage includ
Page 162 and 163: 150Forty liters of flotation sample
Page 164 and 165: 152The young shoots can be boiled a
Page 166 and 167: 154Twelve species, which fruit betw
Page 168 and 169: 156Dock was used to make poultices
Page 170 and 171: 158While the conclusions about fore
Page 172 and 173: 160White oaks, which prefer moist,
Page 174 and 175: 162The validity of this observation
Page 176 and 177: 164In the southeastern United State
Page 178 and 179: 166Gar is another primitive fish th
Page 180 and 181: 168Feature 55 (Historic Post)A sing
Page 182 and 183: 170Feature 107 (Historic Post)The f
Page 186 and 187: 174Feature 219 (Historic Post)A tot
Page 188 and 189: 176The abundance of maize demonstra
Page 211 and 212: 29 2923031 29035394140Structure 675
Page 213 and 214: 201Figure 52A. Reconstructed view o
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APPENDIX A. ARTIFACT CATALOG
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County: GeorgetownState: South Caro
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Key: Surface - S = Smoothed; RS = R
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208 126 10YR7/3 HB 5 FMicaS River B
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APPENDIX C. ZOOARCHAEOLOGICALANALYS
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ELEMENT LISTCode Element1 Indetermi
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ZOOARCHAEOLOGICAL CATALOGBag Number
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81 122 155 404 0 2 0.06 1 0 0 081 1
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126 208 99 1 0 0 4.02 1 0 0 0126 20
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126 208 802 902 0 0 0.66 1 0 0 0126
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Curation Plan for the Submission of
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like objects, and each artifact or
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Archaeological Investigations at Yourhaney Plantation (38GE18)

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