Archaeological Investigations at Yourhaney Plantation (38GE18)

ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT YOURHANEY PLANTATION15Points similar to Yadkin Triangular points have also been found at Deptford sites (Coe 1964;Milanich and Fairbanks 1980). Sassaman et al. (1990) report that, in the Savannah River Valley,triangular types appear to be more strongly associated with Deptford than stemmed types.It has also been noted that there is a co-occurrence of the larger triangular Yadkin and Badin typepoints with smaller triangular forms such as Caraway which has traditionally been attributed to theLate Woodland and Mississippian Periods (Blanton et al. 1986:107); Sassaman et al. 1990;Trinkley 1990a). Blanton et al. (1986) believe that these point types may have been used at thesame time for different purposes.North of Charleston, a somewhat different cultural manifestation is found that is related to whatCaldwell (1958) refers to as the “Northern Tradition. This assemblage is referred to as Deep Creekand was first identified in North Carolina (Phelps 1983). The pottery is characterized by mediumto coarse sand inclusions with surface treatments of cord marking, fabric impressing, simplestamping, and net impressing (see Trinkley 1990). This pottery had previously been designated asthe Middle Woodland “Cape Fear” pottery type originally typed by South (1960). The potterydates from about 1000 B.C. to A.D. 1 in North Carolina, but may date later in South Carolinabased on two radiocarbon dates of 120±130 B.C. and A.D. 210±110. The Deep Creeksettlement and subsistence systems are poorly known, but appear to be very similar to thoseidentified with the Deptford Phase.Middle WoodlandThe Deptford Period continues on into the Middle Woodland Period. However, the Deptford phaseis still part of an early carved paddle stamped tradition which is believed to have been replaced bya northern intrusion of wrapped paddle stamping (Trinkley 1990).In South Carolina, the Middle Woodland is characterized by a pattern of settlement mobility andshort-term occupation. It is characterized by the Wilmington phase on the southern coast and theHanover, McClellanville/Santee, and Mount Pleasant assemblages on the northern coast.Mount Pleasant wares (AD 200 to AD 900) frequently have a sandy paste with quantities of pebbleor grit inclusions. However there is a lot off variability and a significant percentage has a finesandy past with few or no inclusions. Surface treatments include fabric impressed, cord marked,net impressed, and plain. Incising has been found on occasion (Trinkley 1990).McClellanville (Trinkley 1981) and Santee (Anderson et al. 1982:302-308) wares arecharacterized by a fine to medium sandy paste with a surface treatment primarily of V-shapedsimple stamping. Although the two potteries are very similar, the Santee series may have laterfeatures, such as excurvate rims and interior rim stamping, which the McClellanville Series potterydoes not exhibit. Both of these types concentrate on the north central coast of the state (Trinkley1990:18). McClellanville has been found in contexts dating from AD 500 to 800, while Santeehas been found in contexts from about AD700 to AD 1400. Thus, Santee continues into the LateWoodland and Mississippian Periods.Wilmington and Hanover are actually believed to be regional varieties of the same ceramictradition.