IVAlcée Laballière wrote to his wife, Clarisse, that night. Itwas a loving letter, full of tender solicitude. He told her notto hurry back, but if she and the babies liked it at Biloxi, tostay a month longer. He was getting on nicely; and thoughhe missed them, he was willing to bear the separation a whilelonger—realizing that their health and pleasure were the firstthings to be considered.VAs for Clarisse, she was charmed upon receiving her husband’sletter. She and the babies were doing well. The society wasagreeable; many of her old friends and acquaintances were atthe bay. And the first free breath since her marriage seemed torestore the pleasant liberty of her maiden days. Devoted as shewas to her husband, their intimate conjugal life was somethingwhich she was more than willing to forego for a while.So the storm passed and every one was happy.Kate Chopin, Desiree’s BabyAs the day was pleasant, Madame Valmonde drove over toL’Abri to see Desiree and the baby.It made her laugh to think of Desiree with a baby. Why, itseemed but yesterday that Desiree was little more than a babyherself; when Monsieur in riding through the gateway ofValmonde had found her lying asleep in the shadow of the bigstone pillar.The little one awoke in his arms and began to cry for “Dada.”That was as much as she could do or say. Some people thoughtshe might have strayed there of her own accord, for she was ofthe toddling age. The prevailing belief was that she had beenpurposely left by a party of Texans, whose canvas-coveredwagon, late in the day, had crossed the ferry that Coton Maiskept, just below the plantation. In time Madame Valmondeabandoned every speculation but the one that Desiree hadbeen sent to her by a beneficent Providence to be the child ofher affection, seeing that she was without child of the flesh.For the girl grew to be beautiful and gentle, affectionate andsincere,--the idol of Valmonde.It was no wonder, when she stood one day against the stonepillar in whose shadow she had lain asleep, eighteen yearsbefore, that Armand Aubigny riding by and seeing her there,had <strong>fall</strong>en in love with her. That was the way all the Aubignysfell in love, as if struck by a pistol shot. The wonder was thathe had not loved her before; for he had known her since hisfather brought him home from Paris, a boy of eight, after hismother died there. The passion that awoke in him that day,when he saw her at the gate, swept along like an avalanche, orlike a prairie fire, or like anything that drives headlong overall obstacles.Monsieur Valmonde grew practical and wanted things wellconsidered: that is, the girl’s obscure origin. Armand lookedinto her eyes and did not care. He was reminded that she wasnameless. What did it matter about a name when he could giveher one of the oldest and proudest in Louisiana? He orderedthe corbeille from Paris, and contained himself with whatpatience he could until it arrived; then they were married.Madame Valmonde had not seen Desiree and the baby forfour weeks. When she reached L’Abri she shuddered at thefirst sight of it, as she always did. It was a sad looking place,which for many years had not known the gentle presence ofa mistress, old Monsieur Aubigny having married and buriedhis wife in France, and she having loved her own land too wellever to leave it. The roof came down steep and black like acowl, reaching out beyond the wide galleries that encircledthe yellow stuccoed house. Big, solemn oaks grew close to it,and their thick-leaved, far-reaching branches shadowed it likea pall. Young Aubigny’s rule was a strict one, too, and underit his negroes had forgotten how to be gay, as they had beenduring the old master’s easy-going and indulgent lifetime.The young mother was recovering slowly, and lay full length, in255
her soft white muslins and laces, upon a couch. The baby wasbeside her, upon her arm, where he had <strong>fall</strong>en asleep, at herbreast. The yellow nurse woman sat beside a window fanningherself.Madame Valmonde bent her portly figure over Desiree andkissed her, holding her an instant tenderly in her arms. Thenshe turned to the child.“This is not the baby!” she exclaimed, in startled tones. Frenchwas the language spoken at Valmonde in those days.“I knew you would be astonished,” laughed Desiree, “at the wayhe has grown. The little cochon de lait! Look at his legs, mamma,and his hands and fingernails,--real finger-nails. Zandrine hadto cut them this morning. Isn’t it true, Zandrine?”The woman bowed her turbaned head majestically, “Mais si,Madame.”“And the way he cries,” went on Desiree, “is deafening. Armandheard him the other day as far away as La Blanche’s cabin.”Madame Valmonde had never removed her eyes from thechild. She lifted it and walked with it over to the window thatwas lightest. She scanned the baby narrowly, then looked assearchingly at Zandrine, whose face was turned to gaze acrossthe fields.“Yes, the child has grown, has changed,” said MadameValmonde, slowly, as she replaced it beside its mother. “Whatdoes Armand say?”Desiree’s face became suffused with a glow that was happinessitself.“Oh, Armand is the proudest father in the parish, I believe,chiefly because it is a boy, to bear his name; though he says not,--that he would have loved a girl as well. But I know it isn’t true.I know he says that to please me. And mamma,” she added,drawing Madame Valmonde’s head down to her, and speakingin a whisper, “he hasn’t punished one of them--not one ofthem--since baby is born. Even Negrillon, who pretendedto have burnt his leg that he might rest from work--he onlylaughed, and said Negrillon was a great scamp. oh, mamma,I’m so happy; it frightens me.”What Desiree said was true. Marriage, and later the birth of hisson had softened Armand Aubigny’s imperious and exactingnature greatly. This was what made the gentle Desiree so happy,for she loved him desperately. When he frowned she trembled,but loved him. When he smiled, she asked no greater blessingof God. But Armand’s dark, handsome face had not often beendisfigured by frowns since the day he fell in love with her.When the baby was about three months old, Desiree awokeone day to the conviction that there was something in the airmenacing her peace. It was at first too subtle to grasp. It hadonly been a disquieting suggestion; an air of mystery amongthe blacks; unexpected visits from far-off neighbors who couldhardly account for their coming. Then a strange, an awfulchange in her husband’s manner, which she dared not ask himto explain. When he spoke to her, it was with averted eyes, fromwhich the old love-light seemed to have gone out. He absentedhimself from home; and when there, avoided her presence andthat of her child, without excuse. And the very spirit of Satanseemed suddenly to take hold of him in his dealings with theslaves. Desiree was miserable enough to die.She sat in her room, one hot afternoon, in her peignoir,listlessly drawing through her fingers the strands of her long,silky brown hair that hung about her shoulders. The baby, halfnaked, lay asleep upon her own great mahogany bed, thatwas like a sumptuous throne, with its satin-lined half-canopy.One of La Blanche’s little quadroon boys--half naked too--stood fanning the child slowly with a fan of peacock feathers.Desiree’s eyes had been fixed absently and sadly upon the baby,while she was striving to penetrate the threatening mist thatshe felt closing about her. She looked from her child to the boywho stood beside him, and back again; over and over. “Ah!” Itwas a cry that she could not help; which she was not consciousof having uttered. The blood turned like ice in her veins, and aclammy moisture gathered upon her face.She tried to speak to the little quadroon boy; but no soundwould come, at first. When he heard his name uttered, helooked up, and his mistress was pointing to the door. He laidaside the great, soft fan, and obediently stole away, over thepolished floor, on his bare tiptoes.She stayed motionless, with gaze riveted upon her child, andher face the picture of fright.Presently her husband entered the room, and without noticingher, went to a table and began to search among some paperswhich covered it.“Armand,” she called to him, in a voice which must have stabbedhim, if he was human. But he did not notice. “Armand,” shesaid again. Then she rose and tottered towards him. “Armand,”she panted once more, clutching his arm, “look at our child.What does it mean? tell me.”He coldly but gently loosened her fingers from about his armand thrust the hand away from him. “Tell me what it means!”she cried despairingly.“It means,” he answered lightly, “that the child is not white; itmeans that you are not white.”A quick conception of all that this accusation meant for hernerved her with unwonted courage to deny it. “It is a lie; itis not true, I am white! Look at my hair, it is brown; and myeyes are gray, Armand, you know they are gray. And my skinis fair,” seizing his wrist. “Look at my hand; whiter than yours,Armand,” she laughed hysterically.“As white as La Blanche’s,” he returned cruelly; and went awayleaving her alone with their child.When she could hold a pen in her hand, she sent a despairingletter to Madame Valmonde.“My mother, they tell me I am not white. Armand has told meI am not white. For God’s sake tell them it is not true. Youmust know it is not true. I shall die. I must die. I cannot be sounhappy, and live.”The answer that came was brief:“My own Desiree: Come home to Valmonde; back to yourmother who loves you. Come with your child.”256 <strong>fieldston</strong> <strong>american</strong> <strong>reader</strong> <strong>volume</strong> i – <strong>fall</strong> <strong>2007</strong>
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the federalist papers #51 (1787)...
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Inventing An AmericaCrèvecoeur Dis
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I say to you today, my friends, tha
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melodies of the Negro slave; the Am
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31.the encounterand north americasu
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Native American PoetryWHEN SUN CAME
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Pagans and Pilgrims in the Promised
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Reverend Doctor Sepulveda has spoke
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Juan Gines de Sepulveda:“The Grea
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Nathaniel Bacon: Bacon’s Declarat
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The sale of human beings in the mar
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seeking great things for ourselves
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Therefore, let every one that is ou
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frontier village she revised her ea
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Edward Taylor: Poems (1642—I729)L
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The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1
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fly kites and shoot marbles, and to
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Dominie Van Shaick, the village par
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another man. In the midst of his be
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Washington Irving:The Legend of Sle
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a kind of idle gentlemanlike person
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Tassel. In this enterprise, however
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on the top of his nose, for so his
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however, turned upon the favorite s
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the green knoll on which stands the
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so any nation, that discovers an un
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indefatigable measures, the cause o
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their heads on their shoulders inst
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Metacomet Cries Out for RevengeIn t
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Gustavus Vassa: The Interesting Nar
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duct, and guard them from evil. The
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particularly at full moons; general
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that might come upon us; for they s
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size of the finger nail. I was sold
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intolerably loathsome, that it was
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as he instinctively guessed its app
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Document DSource: Articles of Agree
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Next to manners are the exterior gr
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Howard Zinn: Columbus, the Indians,
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same token covet the possessions of
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and culture, to ensnare ordinary pe
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Fire Brand, and putting it into the
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included the Mohawks (People Of the
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It has been tempting to dismiss Jef
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she found herself back in prison. M
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311.the struggle forindependence176
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John Locke: of Civil Government (16
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Daniel Dulany: “Considerations”
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First Continental Congress, Declara
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colonies enabled her to triumph ove
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and America is a strong and natural
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considerable pecuniary resources, b
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He has combined with others to subj
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Mary Beth Norton:Women in the Revol
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testified, so “I was obliged to S
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peace terms. And, tragically, Samue
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not that this glorious threesome ne
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less powerful than the rest, as it
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paramount culture, but to many for
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James Kirby Martin: Protest and Def
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3111.developing a frameworkfor gove
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The Articles of Confederation (1777
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7. Whenever the Confederate Lords s
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Darkness there, and nothing more.De
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Edgar Allen Poe:The Fall of the Hou
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of unnatural sensations. Some of th
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the full extent, or the earnest aba
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paused; for it appeared to me (alth
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Walt Whitman:Poetry Crossing Brookl
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101 Flow on, river! flow with the f
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41 Nor any more youth or age than t
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136 I am not an earth nor an adjunc
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13225 The negro holds firmly the re
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322 Patriarchs sit at supper with s
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415 And if each and all be aware I
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511 Voices of cycles of preparation
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27611 To be in any form, what is th
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702 Head high in the forehead, wide
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806 I go hunting polar furs and the
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908 Ten o’clock at night, the ful
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1001 I do not ask who you are, that
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1099 Believing I shall come again u
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1200 The great Camerado, the lover
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1294 And as to you Corpse I think y
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James Madison:The Federalist Papers
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James Madison:The Federalist Papers
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people are impliedly and incidental
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sort of people, who are orderly and
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Charles Beard: The ConstitutionA Mi
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Legislatures reflect these interest
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Staughton Lynd:The Conflict Over Sl
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France is an example. Jefferson had
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to the interior & landed interest,
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The first was to solve the problem
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there against mobs, demagogues, and
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3iv.the early republic: forging ana
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Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jeffe
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employment to industrious individua
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Hamiltonian Federalists and Jeffers
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“As the present crisis of human a
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The Kentucky Resolutions of 1799The
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- Page 230 and 231: few years I have been gravely disap
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- Page 240 and 241: South Carolina Ordinance of Nullifi
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- Page 254 and 255: Kate Chopin: The StormIThe leaves w
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- Page 266 and 267: of a juggler tossing knives; but th
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- Page 272 and 273: Viewpoints of the Mexican WarThe fo
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- Page 302 and 303: Lincoln Denies Racial EqualityInter
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that they intercepted, even for a m
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earded elders of the church have wh
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speak of. What! I have authority, I
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nothing to be shunned in the handso
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summer sun, it was his father’s c
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a human form appeared at intervals,