a kind of idle gentlemanlike personage, of vastly superiortaste and accomplishments to the rough country swains, and,indeed, inferior in learning only to the parson. His appearance,therefore, is apt to occasion some little stir at the tea-tableof a farmhouse, and the addition of a supernumerary dish ofcakes or sweetmeats, or, peradventure, the parade of a silvertea-pot. Our man of letters, therefore, was peculiarly happyin the smiles of all the country damsels. How he would figureamong them in the church-yard, between services on Sundays!gathering grapes for them from the wild vines that overrunthe surrounding trees; reciting for their amusement all theepitaphs on the tombstones; or sauntering, with a whole bevyof them, along the banks of the adjacent mill-pond; while themore bashful country bumpkins hung sheepishly back, envyinghis superior elegance and address.From his half itinerant life, also, he was a kind of travellinggazette, carrying the whole budget of local gossip from houseto house; so that his appearance was always greeted withsatisfaction. He was, moreover, esteemed by the women as aman of great erudition, for he had read several books quitethrough, and was a perfect master of Cotton Mather’s historyof New England Witchcraft, in which, by the way, he mostfirmly and potently believed.He was, in fact, an odd mixture of small shrewdness andsimple credulity. His appetite for the marvellous, and hispowers of digesting it, were equally extraordinary; and bothhad been increased by his residence in this spellbound region.No tale was too gross or monstrous for his capacious swallow.It was often his delight, after his school was dismissed in theafternoon, to stretch himself on the rich bed of clover, borderingthe little brook that whimpered by his school-house, and therecon over old Mather’s direful tales, until the gathering duskof the evening made the printed page a mere mist before hiseyes. Then, as he wended his way, by swamp and stream andawful woodland, to the farmhouse where he happened tobe quartered, every sound of nature, at that witching hour,fluttered his excited imagination: the moan of the whip-poorwillfrom the hillside; the boding cry of the tree-toad, thatharbinger of storm; the dreary hooting of the screech-owl, orthe sudden rustling in the thicket of birds frightened fromtheir roost. The fire-flies, too, which sparkled most vividlyin the darkest places, now and then startled him, as one ofuncommon brightness would stream across his path; and if,by chance, a huge blockhead of a beetle came winging hisblundering flight against him, the poor varlet was ready to giveup the ghost, with the idea that he was struck with a witch’stoken. His only resource on such occasions, either to drownthought, or drive away evil spirits, was to sing psalm tunes andthe good people of Sleepy Hollow, as they sat by their doorsof an evening, were often filled with awe, at hearing his nasalmelody, “in linked sweetness long drawn out,” floating fromthe distant hill, or along the dusky road.Another of his sources of fearful pleasure was, to pass longwinter evenings with the old Dutch wives, as they sat spinningby the fire, with a row of apples roasting and spluttering alongthe hearth, and listen to their marvellous tales of ghostsand goblins, and haunted fields, and haunted brooks, andhaunted bridges, and haunted houses, and particularly of theheadless horseman, or galloping Hessian of the Hollow, asthey sometimes called him. He would delight them equallyby his anecdotes of witchcraft, and of the direful omens andportentous sights and sounds in the air, which prevailed inthe earlier times of Connecticut; and would frighten themwoefully with speculations upon comets and shooting stars;and with the alarming fact that the world did absolutely turnround, and that they were half the time topsy-turvy!But if there was a pleasure in all this, while snugly cuddlingin the chimney corner of a chamber that was all of a ruddyglow from the crackling wood fire, and where, of course, nospectre dared to show his face, it was dearly purchased by theterrors of his subsequent walk homewards. What fearful shapesand shadows beset his path amidst the dim and ghastly glareof a snowy night!- With what wistful look did he eye everytrembling ray of light streaming across the waste fields fromsome distant window!- How often was he appalled by someshrub covered with snow, which, like a sheeted spectre, besethis very path!- How often did he shrink with curdling awe atthe sound of his own steps on the frosty crust beneath his feet;and dread to look over his shoulder, lest he should behold someuncouth being tramping close behind him!- and how oftenwas he thrown into complete dismay by some rushing blast,howling among the trees, in the idea that it was the GallopingHessian on one of his nightly scourings!All these, however, were mere terrors of the night,phantoms of the mind that walk in darkness; and though hehad seen many spectres in his time, and been more than oncebeset by Satan in divers shapes, in his lonely perambulations,yet daylight put an end to all these evils; and he would havepassed a pleasant life of it, in despite of the devil and all hisworks, if his path had not been crossed by a being that causesmore perplexity to mortal man than ghosts, goblins, and thewhole race of witches put together, and that was--a woman.Among the musical disciples who assembled, one eveningin each week, to receive his instructions in psalmody, wasKatrina Van Tassel, the daughter and only child of a substantialDutch farmer. She was a blooming lass of fresh eighteen;plump as a partridge; ripe and melting and rosy cheeked asone of her father’s peaches, and universally famed, not merelyfor her beauty, but her vast expectations. She was withal a littleof a coquette, as might be perceived even in her dress, whichwas a mixture of ancient and modern fashions, as most suitedto set off her charms. She wore the ornaments of pure yellow43
gold, which her great-great-grandmother had brought overfrom Saardam; the tempting stomacher of the olden time; andwithal a provokingly short petticoat, to display the prettiestfoot and ankle in the country round.Ichabod Crane had a soft and foolish heart towards the sex;and it is not to be wondered at, that so tempting a morsel soonfound favor in his eyes; more especially after he had visited herin her paternal mansion. Old Baltus Van Tassel was a perfectpicture of a thriving, contented, liberal-hearted farmer. Heseldom, it is true, sent either his eyes or his thoughts beyondthe boundaries of his own farm; but within those every thingwas snug, happy, and well-conditioned. He was satisfied withhis wealth, but not proud of it; and piqued himself upon thehearty abundance, rather than the style in which he lived. Hisstronghold was situated on the banks of the Hudson, in oneof those green, sheltered, fertile nooks in which the Dutchfarmers are so fond of nestling. A great elm-tree spread itsbroad branches over it; at the foot of which bubbled up a springof the softest and sweetest water, in a little well, formed ofa barrel; and then stole sparkling away through the grass, toa neighboring brook, that bubbled along among alders anddwarf willows. Hard by the farm-house was a vast barn, thatmight have served for a church; every window and crevice ofwhich seemed bursting forth with the treasures of the farm;the flail was busily resounding within it from morning tonight; swallows and martins skimmed twittering about theeaves; and rows of pigeons, some with one eye turned up, as ifwatching the weather, some with their heads under their wings,or buried in their bosoms, and others swelling, and cooing, andbowing about their dames, were enjoying the sunshine on theroof. Sleek unwieldy porkers were grunting in the repose andabundance of their pens; whence sallied forth, now and then,troops of sucking pigs, as if to snuff the air. A stately squadronof snowy geese were riding in an adjoining pond, convoyingwhole fleets of ducks; regiments of turkeys were gobblingthrough the farm-yard, and guinea fowls fretting about it, likeill-tempered housewives, with their peevish discontented cry.Before the barn door strutted the gallant cock, that patternof a husband, a warrior, and a fine gentleman, clapping hisburnished wings, and crowing in the pride and gladness ofhis heart- sometimes tearing up the earth with his feet, andthen generously calling his ever-hungry family of wives andchildren to enjoy the rich morsel which he had discovered.The pedagogue’s mouth watered, as he looked upon thissumptuous promise of luxurious winter fare. In his devouringmind’s eye, he pictured to himself every roasting-pig runningabout with a pudding in his belly, and an apple in his mouth;the pigeons were snugly put to bed in a comfortable pie, andtucked in with a coverlet of crust; the geese were swimming intheir own gravy; and the ducks pairing cosily in dishes, likesnug married couples, with a decent competency of onion sauce.In the porkers he saw carved out the future sleek side of bacon,and juicy relishing ham; not a turkey but he beheld daintilytrussed up, with its gizzard under its wing, and, peradventure,a necklace of savory sausages; and even bright chanticleerhimself lay sprawling on his back, in a side-dish, with upliftedclaws, as if craving that quarter which his chivalrous spiritdisdained to ask while living.As the enraptured Ichabod fancied all this, and as he rolledhis great green eyes over the fat meadow-lands, the richfields of wheat, of rye, of buckwheat, and Indian corn, andthe orchards burdened with ruddy fruit, which surroundedthe warm tenement of Van Tassel, his heart yearned after thedamsel who was to inherit these domains, and his imaginationexpanded with the idea, how they might be readily turnedinto cash, and the money invested in immense tracts of wildland, and shingle palaces in the wilderness. Nay, his busy fancyalready realized his hopes, and presented to him the bloomingKatrina, with a whole family of children, mounted on the topof a wagon loaded with household trumpery, with pots andkettles dangling beneath; and he beheld himself bestriding apacing mare, with a colt at her heels, setting out for Kentucky,Tennessee, or the Lord knows where.When he entered the house the conquest of his heart wascomplete. It was one of those spacious farmhouses, with highridged,but lowly-sloping roofs, built in the style handeddown from the first Dutch settlers; the low projecting eavesforming a piazza along the front, capable of being closed upin bad weather. Under this were hung flails, harness, variousutensils of husbandry, and nets for fishing in the neighboringriver. Benches were built along the sides for summer use; anda great spinning-wheel at one end, and a churn at the other,showed the various uses to which this important porch mightbe devoted. From this piazza the wondering Ichabod enteredthe hall, which formed the centre of the mansion and the placeof usual residence. Here, rows of resplendent pewter, rangedon a long dresser, dazzled his eyes. In one cornerstood a huge bag of wool ready to be spun; in another a quantityof linsey-woolsey just from the loom; ears of Indian corn, andstrings of dried apples and peaches, hung in gay festoons alongthe walls, mingled with the gaud of red peppers; and a doorleft ajar gave him a peep into the best parlor, where the clawfootedchairs, and dark mahogany tables, shone like mirrors;andirons, with their accompanying shovel and tongs, glistenedfrom their covert of asparagus tops; mock-oranges and conchshellsdecorated the mantel-piece; strings of various coloredbirds’ eggs were suspended above it: a great ostrich egg washung from the centre of the room, and a corner cupboard,knowingly left open, displayed immense treasures of old silverand well-mended china.From the moment Ichabod laid his eyes upon these regions ofdelight, the peace of his mind was at an end, and his only studywas how to gain the affections of the peerless daughter of Van44 <strong>fieldston</strong> <strong>american</strong> <strong>reader</strong> <strong>volume</strong> i – <strong>fall</strong> <strong>2007</strong>
- Page 4 and 5: the federalist papers #51 (1787)...
- Page 6 and 7: Inventing An AmericaCrèvecoeur Dis
- Page 8 and 9: I say to you today, my friends, tha
- Page 10 and 11: melodies of the Negro slave; the Am
- Page 12 and 13: 31.the encounterand north americasu
- Page 14 and 15: Native American PoetryWHEN SUN CAME
- Page 16 and 17: Pagans and Pilgrims in the Promised
- Page 18 and 19: Reverend Doctor Sepulveda has spoke
- Page 20 and 21: Juan Gines de Sepulveda:“The Grea
- Page 22 and 23: Nathaniel Bacon: Bacon’s Declarat
- Page 24 and 25: The sale of human beings in the mar
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- Page 28 and 29: Therefore, let every one that is ou
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- Page 32 and 33: Edward Taylor: Poems (1642—I729)L
- Page 34 and 35: The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1
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- Page 38 and 39: Dominie Van Shaick, the village par
- Page 40 and 41: another man. In the midst of his be
- Page 42 and 43: Washington Irving:The Legend of Sle
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- Page 48 and 49: on the top of his nose, for so his
- Page 50 and 51: however, turned upon the favorite s
- Page 52 and 53: the green knoll on which stands the
- Page 54 and 55: so any nation, that discovers an un
- Page 56 and 57: indefatigable measures, the cause o
- Page 58 and 59: their heads on their shoulders inst
- Page 60 and 61: Metacomet Cries Out for RevengeIn t
- Page 62 and 63: Gustavus Vassa: The Interesting Nar
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- Page 66 and 67: particularly at full moons; general
- Page 68 and 69: that might come upon us; for they s
- Page 70 and 71: size of the finger nail. I was sold
- Page 72 and 73: intolerably loathsome, that it was
- Page 74 and 75: as he instinctively guessed its app
- Page 76 and 77: Document DSource: Articles of Agree
- Page 78 and 79: Next to manners are the exterior gr
- Page 80 and 81: Howard Zinn: Columbus, the Indians,
- Page 82 and 83: same token covet the possessions of
- Page 84 and 85: and culture, to ensnare ordinary pe
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- Page 88 and 89: included the Mohawks (People Of the
- Page 90 and 91: It has been tempting to dismiss Jef
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311.the struggle forindependence176
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John Locke: of Civil Government (16
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Daniel Dulany: “Considerations”
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First Continental Congress, Declara
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colonies enabled her to triumph ove
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and America is a strong and natural
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considerable pecuniary resources, b
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He has combined with others to subj
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Mary Beth Norton:Women in the Revol
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testified, so “I was obliged to S
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peace terms. And, tragically, Samue
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not that this glorious threesome ne
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less powerful than the rest, as it
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paramount culture, but to many for
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James Kirby Martin: Protest and Def
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3111.developing a frameworkfor gove
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The Articles of Confederation (1777
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7. Whenever the Confederate Lords s
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Darkness there, and nothing more.De
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Edgar Allen Poe:The Fall of the Hou
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of unnatural sensations. Some of th
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the full extent, or the earnest aba
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paused; for it appeared to me (alth
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Walt Whitman:Poetry Crossing Brookl
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101 Flow on, river! flow with the f
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41 Nor any more youth or age than t
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136 I am not an earth nor an adjunc
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13225 The negro holds firmly the re
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322 Patriarchs sit at supper with s
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415 And if each and all be aware I
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511 Voices of cycles of preparation
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27611 To be in any form, what is th
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702 Head high in the forehead, wide
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806 I go hunting polar furs and the
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908 Ten o’clock at night, the ful
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1001 I do not ask who you are, that
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1099 Believing I shall come again u
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1200 The great Camerado, the lover
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1294 And as to you Corpse I think y
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James Madison:The Federalist Papers
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James Madison:The Federalist Papers
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people are impliedly and incidental
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sort of people, who are orderly and
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Charles Beard: The ConstitutionA Mi
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Legislatures reflect these interest
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Staughton Lynd:The Conflict Over Sl
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France is an example. Jefferson had
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to the interior & landed interest,
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The first was to solve the problem
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there against mobs, demagogues, and
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3iv.the early republic: forging ana
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Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jeffe
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employment to industrious individua
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Hamiltonian Federalists and Jeffers
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“As the present crisis of human a
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The Kentucky Resolutions of 1799The
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Washington’s Farewell Address,Sep
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equal law must protect, and to viol
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I sec.8, Congress has also been gra
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That the following amendments of th
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3v.the disgusting spirit ofequality
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Transcendentalism DefinedThough clo
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All are needed by each one;Nothing
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a long period continue, to rule is
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The broadest and most prevalent err
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clergyman whose preaching my father
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difference between resisting this a
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similar concern for the conditions
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few years I have been gravely disap
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In the midst of blatant injustices
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about the baby, whom she had hardly
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who, with conjugal affections and m
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a hut, tranquil, if in a crowd. The
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South Carolina Ordinance of Nullifi
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operation....The right to secede is
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Worcester v. Georgia and refused to
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effect in point of possession when
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hold the writer maintained with the
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986A narrow Fellow in the GrassOcca
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house.“You done talk too much wid
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Kate Chopin: The StormIThe leaves w
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IVAlcée Laballière wrote to his w
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When the letter reached Desiree she
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Her lip was beginning to tremble, a
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IIITheir eyes met, and she blushed
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een reversed.“Why, how do you do?
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of a juggler tossing knives; but th
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Having deprived her of this first r
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Sojorner Truth: Ain’t I A Woman?S
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Viewpoints of the Mexican WarThe fo
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evolt and sin...”Caleb Atwater, E
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encouraged this ideal of the perfec
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its own territory, with boundaries
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3vi.slavery, sectionalismand secess
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Charles W. Chestnut:The Passing of
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promptness and decision. “He’s
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left the hotel when a long‐haired
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and sent to the penitentiary. I tho
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Necessary Evil to Positive GoodSour
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Dred Scott vs Sanford (1857)The fol
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The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)I
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DBQ: Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Me
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of the slave-holding system is to d
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“Why, not a cruel man, exactly, b
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Lincoln Denies Racial EqualityInter
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through an unseen multitude.“Ther
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that they intercepted, even for a m
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earded elders of the church have wh
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speak of. What! I have authority, I
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nothing to be shunned in the handso
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summer sun, it was his father’s c
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a human form appeared at intervals,