fieldston american reader volume i â fall 2007 - Ethical Culture ...

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The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1620The Pilgrims who came on the Mayflower in 1620 accepted the ruleof James I, and the sovereignty of Great Britain. Why then did theyfeel a need to write this document? What is the significance of thisdocument? Who signed it? Who didn’t sign?In The Name of God, amen. We, whose names are underwritten,the Loyal Subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord King James,by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland,King, Defender of the Faith, &c. Having undertaken for theGlory of God, and Advancement of the Christian Faith, andthe Honour of our King and Country, a Voyage to plant thefirst colony in the northern Parts of Virginia; Do by thesePresents, solemnly and mutually in the Presence of God andone another, covenant and combine ourselves together into acivil Body Politick, for our better Ordering and Preservation,and Furtherance of the Ends aforesaid; And by Virtue hereofdo enact, constitute, and frame, such just and equal Laws,Ordinances, Acts, Constitutions, and Offices, from time totime, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for thegeneral Good of the Colony; unto which we promise all dueSubmission and Obedience. In Witness whereof we havehereunto subscribed our names at Cape Cod the eleventh ofNovember, in the Reign of our Sovereign Lord King James ofEngland, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth and of Scotland,the fifty-fourth. Anno Domini, 1620.Mr. William WhiteMr. Richard WarrenJohn HowlandMr. Stephen HopkinsDigery PriestThomas WilliamsGilbert WinslowEdmund MargessonPeter BrownRichard BitteridgeGeorge SouleEdward TillyJohn TillyFrancis CookeThomas RogersThomas TinkerJohn RidgateEdward FullerRichard ClarkRichard GardinerMr. John AllertonThomas EnglishEdward DotenEdward LiesterMr. John CarverMr. William BradfordMr. Edward WinslowMr. William BrewsterIsaac AllertonMiles StandishJohn AldenJohn TurnerFrancis EatonJames ChiltonJohn CraxtonJohn BillingtonJoses FletcherJohn GoodmanMr. Samuel FullerMr. Christopher MartinMr. William Mullins33
Washington Irving:Rip Van WinkleA posthumous writing of Diedrich KnickerbockerBy Woden, God of saxons,From whence comes Wensday, that is Wodensday,Truth is a thing that ever I will keepUnto thylke day in which I creep intoMy sepulchre -- CartwrightThe following Tale was found among the papers of the late DiedrichKnickerbocker, an old gentleman of New York, who was verycurious in the Dutch history of the province, and the manners ofthe descendants from its primitive settlers. His historical researches,however, did not lie so much among books as among men; for theformer are lamentably scanty on his favorite topics; whereas hefound the old burghers, and still more their wives, rich in thatlegendary lore so invaluable to true history. Whenever, therefore, hehappened upon a genuine Dutch family, snugly shut up in its lowroofedfarmhouse under a spreading sycamore, he looked upon it asa little clasped volume of black-letter, and studied it with the zealof a book-worm.The result of all these researches was a history of the province duringthe reign of the Dutch governors, which he published some yearssince. There have been various opinions as to the literary characterof his work, and, to tell the truth, it is not a whit better than itshould be. Its chief merit is its scrupulous accuracy, which indeedwas a little questioned on its first-appearance, but has since beencompletely established; and it is now admitted into all historicalcollections as a book of unquestionable authority.The old gentleman died shortly after the publication of his work,and now that he is dead and gone, it cannot do much harm to hismemory to say that his time might have been much better employedin weightier labors. He, however, was apt to ride his hobby his ownway; and though it did now and then kick up the dust a little in theeyes of his neighbors, and grieve the spirit of some friends, for whomhe felt the truest deference and affection; yet his errors and folliesare remembered “more in sorrow than in anger,” and it begins to besuspected that he never intended to injure or offend. But howeverhis memory may be appreciated by critics, it is still held dear bymany folks whose good opinion is well worth having; particularlyby certain biscuit-bakers, who have gone so far as to imprint hislikeness on their new-year cakes; and have thus given him a chancefor immortality, almost equal to being stamped on a Waterloo Medalor a Queen Anne’s Farthing.Whoever has made a voyage up the Hudson must rememberthe Kaatskill Mountains. They are a dismembered branch ofthe great Appalachian family, and are seen away to the west ofthe river, swelling up to a noble height, and lording it over thesurrounding country. Every change of season, every changeof weather, indeed, every hour of the day, produces somechange in the magical hues and shapes of these mountains,and they are regarded by all the good wives, far and near, asperfect barometers. When the weather is fair and settled, theyare clothed in blue and purple and print their bold outlineson the clear evening sky; but sometimes when the rest of thelandscape is cloudless, they will gather a hood of gray vaporsabout their summits, which, in the last rays of the setting sun,will glow and light up like a crown of glory.At the foot of these fairy mountains, the voyager may havedescried the light smoke curling up from a village whoseshingle-roofs gleam among the trees just where the blue tintsof the upland melt away into the fresh green of the nearerlandscape. It is a little village of great antiquity, having beenfounded by some of the Dutch colonists in the early times ofthe province, just about the beginning of the government of thegood Peter Stuyvesant (may he rest in peace!),and there weresome of the houses of the original settlers standing within afew years, built of small yellow bricks brought from Holland,having latticed windows and gable fronts, surmounted withweather-cocks.In that same village, and in one of these very houses (which,to tell the precise truth, was sadly time-worn and weatherbeaten)there lived many years since, while the country wasyet a province of Great Britain, a simple good-natured fellow,of the name of Rip Van Winkle. He was a descendant ofthe Van Winkles who figured so gallantly in the chivalrousdays of Peter Stuyvesant, and accompanied him to the siegeof Fort Christina. He inherited, however, but little of themartial character of his ancestors. I have observed that he wasa simple good-natured man; he was, moreover, a kind neighbor,and an obedient, henpecked husband. Indeed, to the lattercircumstance might be owing that meekness of spirit whichgained him such universal popularity; for those men are mostapt to be obsequious and conciliating abroad who are underthe discipline of shrews at home. Their tempers, doubtless, arerendered pliant and malleable in the fiery furnace of domestictribulation; and a curtain lecture is worth all the sermonsin the world for teaching the virtues of patience and longsuffering.A termagant wife may, therefore, in some respectsbe considered a tolerable blessing; and if so, Rip Van Winklewas thrice blessed.Certain it is, that he was a great favorite among all the goodwives of the village, who, as usual with the amiable sex, tookhis part in all family squabbles; and never failed, wheneverthey talked those matters over in their evening gossipings, tolay all the blame on Dame Van Winkle. The children of thevillage, too, would shout with joy whenever he approached. Heassisted at their sports, made their playthings, taught them to34 fieldston american reader volume i – fall 2007
Page 4 and 5: the federalist papers #51 (1787)...
Page 6 and 7: Inventing An AmericaCrèvecoeur Dis
Page 8 and 9: I say to you today, my friends, tha
Page 10 and 11: melodies of the Negro slave; the Am
Page 12 and 13: 31.the encounterand north americasu
Page 14 and 15: Native American PoetryWHEN SUN CAME
Page 16 and 17: Pagans and Pilgrims in the Promised
Page 18 and 19: Reverend Doctor Sepulveda has spoke
Page 20 and 21: Juan Gines de Sepulveda:“The Grea
Page 22 and 23: Nathaniel Bacon: Bacon’s Declarat
Page 24 and 25: The sale of human beings in the mar
Page 26 and 27: seeking great things for ourselves
Page 28 and 29: Therefore, let every one that is ou
Page 30 and 31: frontier village she revised her ea
Page 32 and 33: Edward Taylor: Poems (1642—I729)L
Page 36 and 37: fly kites and shoot marbles, and to
Page 38 and 39: Dominie Van Shaick, the village par
Page 40 and 41: another man. In the midst of his be
Page 42 and 43: Washington Irving:The Legend of Sle
Page 44 and 45: a kind of idle gentlemanlike person
Page 46 and 47: Tassel. In this enterprise, however
Page 48 and 49: on the top of his nose, for so his
Page 50 and 51: however, turned upon the favorite s
Page 52 and 53: the green knoll on which stands the
Page 54 and 55: so any nation, that discovers an un
Page 56 and 57: indefatigable measures, the cause o
Page 58 and 59: their heads on their shoulders inst
Page 60 and 61: Metacomet Cries Out for RevengeIn t
Page 62 and 63: Gustavus Vassa: The Interesting Nar
Page 64 and 65: duct, and guard them from evil. The
Page 66 and 67: particularly at full moons; general
Page 68 and 69: that might come upon us; for they s
Page 70 and 71: size of the finger nail. I was sold
Page 72 and 73: intolerably loathsome, that it was
Page 74 and 75: as he instinctively guessed its app
Page 76 and 77: Document DSource: Articles of Agree
Page 78 and 79: Next to manners are the exterior gr
Page 80 and 81: Howard Zinn: Columbus, the Indians,
Page 82 and 83: same token covet the possessions of
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and culture, to ensnare ordinary pe
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Fire Brand, and putting it into the
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included the Mohawks (People Of the
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It has been tempting to dismiss Jef
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she found herself back in prison. M
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311.the struggle forindependence176
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John Locke: of Civil Government (16
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Daniel Dulany: “Considerations”
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First Continental Congress, Declara
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colonies enabled her to triumph ove
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and America is a strong and natural
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considerable pecuniary resources, b
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He has combined with others to subj
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Mary Beth Norton:Women in the Revol
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testified, so “I was obliged to S
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peace terms. And, tragically, Samue
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not that this glorious threesome ne
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less powerful than the rest, as it
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paramount culture, but to many for
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James Kirby Martin: Protest and Def
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3111.developing a frameworkfor gove
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The Articles of Confederation (1777
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7. Whenever the Confederate Lords s
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Darkness there, and nothing more.De
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Edgar Allen Poe:The Fall of the Hou
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of unnatural sensations. Some of th
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the full extent, or the earnest aba
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paused; for it appeared to me (alth
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Walt Whitman:Poetry Crossing Brookl
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101 Flow on, river! flow with the f
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41 Nor any more youth or age than t
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136 I am not an earth nor an adjunc
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13225 The negro holds firmly the re
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322 Patriarchs sit at supper with s
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415 And if each and all be aware I
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511 Voices of cycles of preparation
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27611 To be in any form, what is th
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702 Head high in the forehead, wide
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806 I go hunting polar furs and the
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908 Ten o’clock at night, the ful
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1001 I do not ask who you are, that
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1099 Believing I shall come again u
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1200 The great Camerado, the lover
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1294 And as to you Corpse I think y
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James Madison:The Federalist Papers
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James Madison:The Federalist Papers
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people are impliedly and incidental
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sort of people, who are orderly and
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Charles Beard: The ConstitutionA Mi
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Legislatures reflect these interest
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Staughton Lynd:The Conflict Over Sl
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France is an example. Jefferson had
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to the interior & landed interest,
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The first was to solve the problem
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there against mobs, demagogues, and
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3iv.the early republic: forging ana
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Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jeffe
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employment to industrious individua
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Hamiltonian Federalists and Jeffers
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“As the present crisis of human a
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The Kentucky Resolutions of 1799The
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Washington’s Farewell Address,Sep
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equal law must protect, and to viol
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I sec.8, Congress has also been gra
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That the following amendments of th
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3v.the disgusting spirit ofequality
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Transcendentalism DefinedThough clo
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All are needed by each one;Nothing
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a long period continue, to rule is
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The broadest and most prevalent err
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clergyman whose preaching my father
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difference between resisting this a
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similar concern for the conditions
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few years I have been gravely disap
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In the midst of blatant injustices
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about the baby, whom she had hardly
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who, with conjugal affections and m
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a hut, tranquil, if in a crowd. The
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South Carolina Ordinance of Nullifi
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operation....The right to secede is
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Worcester v. Georgia and refused to
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effect in point of possession when
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hold the writer maintained with the
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986A narrow Fellow in the GrassOcca
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house.“You done talk too much wid
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Kate Chopin: The StormIThe leaves w
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IVAlcée Laballière wrote to his w
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When the letter reached Desiree she
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Her lip was beginning to tremble, a
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IIITheir eyes met, and she blushed
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een reversed.“Why, how do you do?
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of a juggler tossing knives; but th
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Having deprived her of this first r
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Sojorner Truth: Ain’t I A Woman?S
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Viewpoints of the Mexican WarThe fo
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evolt and sin...”Caleb Atwater, E
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encouraged this ideal of the perfec
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its own territory, with boundaries
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3vi.slavery, sectionalismand secess
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Charles W. Chestnut:The Passing of
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promptness and decision. “He’s
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left the hotel when a long‐haired
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and sent to the penitentiary. I tho
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Necessary Evil to Positive GoodSour
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Dred Scott vs Sanford (1857)The fol
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The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)I
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DBQ: Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Me
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of the slave-holding system is to d
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“Why, not a cruel man, exactly, b
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Lincoln Denies Racial EqualityInter
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through an unseen multitude.“Ther
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that they intercepted, even for a m
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earded elders of the church have wh
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speak of. What! I have authority, I
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nothing to be shunned in the handso
Page 314 and 315:
summer sun, it was his father’s c
Page 316 and 317:
a human form appeared at intervals,
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