on the top of his nose, for so his scanty strip of forehead mightbe called; and the skirts of his black coat fluttered out almostto the horse’s tail. Such was the appearance of Ichabod and hissteed, as they shambled out of the gate of Hans Van Ripper,and it was altogether such an apparition as is seldom to be metwith in broad daylight.It was, as I have said, a fine autumnal day, the sky was clearand serene, and nature wore that rich and golden livery whichwe always associate with the idea of abundance. The forests hadput on their sober brown and yellow, while some trees of thetenderer kind had been nipped by the frosts into brilliant dyesof orange, purple, and scarlet. Streaming files of wild ducksbegan to make their appearance high in the air; the bark of thesquirrel might be heard from the groves of beech and hickorynuts, and the pensive whistle of the quail at intervals from theneighboring stubble-field.The small birds were taking their farewell banquets. In thefullness of their revelry, they fluttered, chirping and frolicking,from bush to bush, and tree to tree, capricious from the veryprofusion and variety around them. There was the honest cockrobin,the favorite game of stripling sportsmen, with its loudquerulous note; and the twittering blackbirds flying in sableclouds; and the golden-winged woodpecker, with his crimsoncrest, his broad black gorget, and splendid plumage; and the cedarbird, with its red-tipt wings and yellow-tipt tail, and its littlemonteiro cap of feathers; and the blue jay, that noisy coxcomb,in his gay light-blue coat and white underclothes; screaming andchattering, nodding and bobbing and bowing, and pretendingto be on good terms with every songster of the grove.As Ichabod jogged slowly on his way, his eye, ever open toevery symptom of culinary abundance, ranged with delightover the treasures of jolly autumn. On all sides he beheld vaststores of apples; some hanging in oppressive opulence on thetrees; some gathered into baskets and barrels for the market;others heaped up in rich piles for the cider-press. Farther on hebeheld great fields of Indian corn, with its golden ears peepingfrom their leafy coverts, and holding out the promise of cakesand hasty pudding; and the yellow pumpkins lying beneaththem, turning up their fair round bellies to the sun, and givingample prospects of the most luxurious of pies; and anon hepassed the fragrant buckwheat fields, breathing the odor of thebee-hive, and as he beheld them, soft anticipations stole overhis mind of dainty slapjacks, well buttered, and garnished withhoney or treacle, by the delicate little dimpled hand of KatrinaVan Tassel.Thus feeding his mind with many sweet thoughts and “sugaredsuppositions,” he journeyed along the sides of a range of hillswhich look out upon some of the goodliest scenes of the mightyHudson. The sun gradually wheeled his broad disk down intothe west. The wide bosom of the Tappan Zee lay motionlessand glassy, excepting that here and there a gentle undulationwaved and prolonged the blue shadow of the distant mountain.A few amber clouds floated in the sky, without a breath of airto move them. The horizon was of a fine golden tint, changinggradually into a pure apple green, and from that into the deepblue of the mid-heaven. A slanting ray lingered on the woodycrests of the precipices that overhung some parts of the river,giving greater depth to the dark-gray and purple of their rockysides. A sloop was loitering in the distance, dropping slowlydown with the tide, her sail hanging uselessly against the mast;and as the reflection of the sky gleamed along the still water, itseemed as if the vessel was suspended in the air.It was toward evening that Ichabod arrived at the castleof the Herr Van Tassel, which he found thronged with thepride and flower of the adjacent country. Old farmers, a spareleathern-faced race, in homespun coats and breeches, bluestockings, huge shoes, and magnificent pewter buckles. Theirbrisk withered little dames, in close crimped caps, longwaistedshortgowns, homespun petticoats, with scissors andpincushions, and gay calico pockets hanging on the outside.Buxom lasses, almost as antiquated as their mothers, exceptingwhere a straw hat, a fine ribbon, or perhaps a white frock, gavesymptoms of city innovation. The sons, in short square-skirtedcoats with rows of stupendous brass buttons, and their hairgenerally queued in the fashion of the times, especially if theycould procure an eel-skin for the purpose, it being esteemed,throughout the country, as a potent nourisher and strengthenerof the hair.Brom Bones, however, was the hero of the scene, having cometo the gathering on his favorite steed Daredevil, a creature,like himself, full of mettle and mischief, and which no one buthimself could manage. He was, in fact, noted for preferringvicious animals, given to all kinds of tricks, which kept therider in constant risk of his neck, for he held a tractable wellbrokenhorse as unworthy of a lad of spirit.Fain would I pause to dwell upon the world of charms thatburst upon the enraptured gaze of my hero, as he entered thestate parlor of Van Tassel’s mansion. Not those of the bevy ofbuxom lasses, with their luxurious display of red and white;but the ample charms of a genuine Dutch country tea-table,in the sumptuous time of autumn. Such heaped-up plattersof cakes of various and almost indescribable kinds, knownonly to experienced Dutch housewives! There was the doughtydoughnut, the tender oly koek, and the crisp and crumblingcruller; sweet cakes and short cakes, ginger cakes and honeycakes, and the whole family of cakes. And then there wereapple pies and peach pies and pumpkin pies; besides slicesof ham and smoked beef; and moreover delectable dishes ofpreserved plums, and peaches, and pears, and quinces; notto mention broiled shad and roasted chickens; together withbowls of milk and cream, all mingled higgledy-piggledy, pretty47
much as I have enumerated them, with the motherly tea-potsending up its clouds of vapor from the midst- Heaven blessthe mark! I want breath and time to discuss this banquet as itdeserves, and am too eager to get on with my story. Happily,Ichabod Crane was not in so great a hurry as his historian, butdid ample justice to every dainty.He was a kind and thankful creature, whose heart dilated inproportion as his skin was filled with good cheer; and whosespirits rose with eating as some men’s do with drink. He couldnot help, too, rolling his large eyes round him as he ate, andchuckling with the possibility that he might one day be lordof all this scene of almost unimaginable luxury and splendor.Then, he thought, how soon he’d turn his back upon the oldschool-house; snap his fingers in the face of Hans Van Ripper,and every other niggardly patron, and kick any itinerantpedagogue out of doors that should dare to call him comrade!Old Baltus Van Tassel moved about among his guests witha face dilated with content and good humor, round and jollyas the harvest moon. His hospitable attentions were brief, butexpressive, being confined to a shake of the hand, a slap on theshoulder, a loud laugh, and a pressing invitation to “<strong>fall</strong> to, andhelp themselves.”And now the sound of the music from the common room, orhall, summoned to the dance. The musician was an old grayheadednegro, who had been the itinerant orchestra of theneighborhood for more than half a century. His instrumentwas as old and battered as himself. The greater part of thetime he scraped on two or three strings, accompanying everymovement of the bow with a motion of the head; bowingalmost to the ground, and stamping with his foot whenever afresh couple were to start.Ichabod prided himself upon his dancing as much as uponhis vocal powers. Not a limb, not a fibre about him was idle;and to have seen his loosely hung frame in full motion, andclattering about the room, you would have thought Saint Vitushimself, that blessed patron of the dance, was figuring beforeyou in person. He was the admiration of all the negroes; who,having gathered, of all ages and sizes, from the farm and theneighborhood, stood forming a pyramid of shining black facesat every door and window, gazing with delight at the scene,rolling their white eye-balls, and showing grinning rows ofivory from ear to ear. How could the flogger of urchins beotherwise than animated and joyous? the lady of his heart washis partner in the dance, and smiling graciously in reply to allhis amorous oglings; while Brom Bones, sorely smitten withlove and jealousy, sat brooding by himself in one corner.When the dance was at an end, Ichabod was attracted to aknot of the sager folks, who, with old Van Tassel, sat smokingat one end of the piazza, gossiping over former times, anddrawing out long stories about the war.This neighborhood, at the time of which I am speaking, wasone of those highly-favored places which abound with chronicleand great men. The British and American line had run near itduring the war; it had, therefore, been the scene of marauding,and infested with refugees, cow-boys, and all kinds of borderchivalry. Just sufficient time had elapsed to enable each storytellerto dress up his tale with a little becoming fiction, and, inthe indistinctness of his recollection, to make himself the heroof every exploit.There was the story of Doffue Martling, a large blue-beardedDutchman, who had nearly taken a British frigate with an oldiron nine-pounder from a mud breastwork, only that his gunburst at the sixth discharge. And there was an old gentlemanwho shall be nameless, being too rich a mynheer to be lightlymentioned, who, in the battle of White Plains, being anexcellent master of defence, parried a musket ball with a smallsword, insomuch that he absolutely felt it whiz round the blade,and glance off at the hilt: in proof of which, he was ready at anytime to show the sword, with the hilt a little bent. There wereseveral more that had been equally great in the field, not oneof whom but was persuaded that he had a considerable hand inbringing the war to a happy termination.But all these were nothing to the tales of ghosts and apparitionsthat succeeded. The neighborhood is rich in legendary treasuresof the kind. Local tales and superstitions thrive best in thesesheltered long-settled retreats; but are trampled under foot bythe shifting throng that forms the population of most of ourcountry places. Besides, there is no encouragement for ghostsin most of our villages, for they have scarcely had time to finishtheir first nap, and turn themselves in their graves, before theirsurviving friends have travelled away from the neighborhood;so that when they turn out at night to walk their rounds, theyhave no acquaintance left to call upon. This is perhaps thereason why we so seldom hear of ghosts except in our longestablishedDutch communities.The immediate cause, however, of the prevalence ofsupernatural stories in these parts, was doubtless owing tothe vicinity of Sleepy Hollow. There was a contagion in thevery air that blew from that haunted region; it breathed forthan atmosphere of dreams and fancies infecting all the land.Several of the Sleepy Hollow people were present at VanTassel’s, and, as usual, were doling out their wild and wonderfullegends. Many dismal tales were told about funeral trains, andmourning cries and wailings heard and seen about the greattree where the unfortunate Major Andre was taken, and whichstood in the neighborhood. Some mention was made also ofthe woman in white, that haunted the dark glen at Raven Rock,and was often heard to shriek on winter nights before a storm,having perished there in the snow. The chief part of the stories,48 <strong>fieldston</strong> <strong>american</strong> <strong>reader</strong> <strong>volume</strong> i – <strong>fall</strong> <strong>2007</strong>
- Page 4 and 5: the federalist papers #51 (1787)...
- Page 6 and 7: Inventing An AmericaCrèvecoeur Dis
- Page 8 and 9: I say to you today, my friends, tha
- Page 10 and 11: melodies of the Negro slave; the Am
- Page 12 and 13: 31.the encounterand north americasu
- Page 14 and 15: Native American PoetryWHEN SUN CAME
- Page 16 and 17: Pagans and Pilgrims in the Promised
- Page 18 and 19: Reverend Doctor Sepulveda has spoke
- Page 20 and 21: Juan Gines de Sepulveda:“The Grea
- Page 22 and 23: Nathaniel Bacon: Bacon’s Declarat
- Page 24 and 25: The sale of human beings in the mar
- Page 26 and 27: seeking great things for ourselves
- Page 28 and 29: Therefore, let every one that is ou
- Page 30 and 31: frontier village she revised her ea
- Page 32 and 33: Edward Taylor: Poems (1642—I729)L
- Page 34 and 35: The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1
- Page 36 and 37: fly kites and shoot marbles, and to
- Page 38 and 39: Dominie Van Shaick, the village par
- Page 40 and 41: another man. In the midst of his be
- Page 42 and 43: Washington Irving:The Legend of Sle
- Page 44 and 45: a kind of idle gentlemanlike person
- Page 46 and 47: Tassel. In this enterprise, however
- Page 50 and 51: however, turned upon the favorite s
- Page 52 and 53: the green knoll on which stands the
- Page 54 and 55: so any nation, that discovers an un
- Page 56 and 57: indefatigable measures, the cause o
- Page 58 and 59: their heads on their shoulders inst
- Page 60 and 61: Metacomet Cries Out for RevengeIn t
- Page 62 and 63: Gustavus Vassa: The Interesting Nar
- Page 64 and 65: duct, and guard them from evil. The
- Page 66 and 67: particularly at full moons; general
- Page 68 and 69: that might come upon us; for they s
- Page 70 and 71: size of the finger nail. I was sold
- Page 72 and 73: intolerably loathsome, that it was
- Page 74 and 75: as he instinctively guessed its app
- Page 76 and 77: Document DSource: Articles of Agree
- Page 78 and 79: Next to manners are the exterior gr
- Page 80 and 81: Howard Zinn: Columbus, the Indians,
- Page 82 and 83: same token covet the possessions of
- Page 84 and 85: and culture, to ensnare ordinary pe
- Page 86 and 87: Fire Brand, and putting it into the
- Page 88 and 89: included the Mohawks (People Of the
- Page 90 and 91: It has been tempting to dismiss Jef
- Page 92 and 93: she found herself back in prison. M
- Page 94 and 95: 311.the struggle forindependence176
- Page 96 and 97: John Locke: of Civil Government (16
- Page 98 and 99:
Daniel Dulany: “Considerations”
- Page 100 and 101:
First Continental Congress, Declara
- Page 102 and 103:
colonies enabled her to triumph ove
- Page 104 and 105:
and America is a strong and natural
- Page 106 and 107:
considerable pecuniary resources, b
- Page 108 and 109:
He has combined with others to subj
- Page 110 and 111:
Mary Beth Norton:Women in the Revol
- Page 112 and 113:
testified, so “I was obliged to S
- Page 114 and 115:
peace terms. And, tragically, Samue
- Page 116 and 117:
not that this glorious threesome ne
- Page 118 and 119:
less powerful than the rest, as it
- Page 120 and 121:
paramount culture, but to many for
- Page 122 and 123:
James Kirby Martin: Protest and Def
- Page 124 and 125:
3111.developing a frameworkfor gove
- Page 126 and 127:
The Articles of Confederation (1777
- Page 128 and 129:
7. Whenever the Confederate Lords s
- Page 130 and 131:
Darkness there, and nothing more.De
- Page 132 and 133:
Edgar Allen Poe:The Fall of the Hou
- Page 134 and 135:
of unnatural sensations. Some of th
- Page 136 and 137:
the full extent, or the earnest aba
- Page 138 and 139:
paused; for it appeared to me (alth
- Page 140 and 141:
Walt Whitman:Poetry Crossing Brookl
- Page 142 and 143:
101 Flow on, river! flow with the f
- Page 144 and 145:
41 Nor any more youth or age than t
- Page 146 and 147:
136 I am not an earth nor an adjunc
- Page 148 and 149:
13225 The negro holds firmly the re
- Page 150 and 151:
322 Patriarchs sit at supper with s
- Page 152 and 153:
415 And if each and all be aware I
- Page 154 and 155:
511 Voices of cycles of preparation
- Page 156 and 157:
27611 To be in any form, what is th
- Page 158 and 159:
702 Head high in the forehead, wide
- Page 160 and 161:
806 I go hunting polar furs and the
- Page 162 and 163:
908 Ten o’clock at night, the ful
- Page 164 and 165:
1001 I do not ask who you are, that
- Page 166 and 167:
1099 Believing I shall come again u
- Page 168 and 169:
1200 The great Camerado, the lover
- Page 170 and 171:
1294 And as to you Corpse I think y
- Page 172 and 173:
James Madison:The Federalist Papers
- Page 174 and 175:
James Madison:The Federalist Papers
- Page 176 and 177:
people are impliedly and incidental
- Page 178 and 179:
sort of people, who are orderly and
- Page 180 and 181:
Charles Beard: The ConstitutionA Mi
- Page 182 and 183:
Legislatures reflect these interest
- Page 184 and 185:
Staughton Lynd:The Conflict Over Sl
- Page 186 and 187:
France is an example. Jefferson had
- Page 188 and 189:
to the interior & landed interest,
- Page 190 and 191:
The first was to solve the problem
- Page 192 and 193:
there against mobs, demagogues, and
- Page 194 and 195:
3iv.the early republic: forging ana
- Page 196 and 197:
Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jeffe
- Page 198 and 199:
employment to industrious individua
- Page 200 and 201:
Hamiltonian Federalists and Jeffers
- Page 202 and 203:
“As the present crisis of human a
- Page 204 and 205:
The Kentucky Resolutions of 1799The
- Page 206 and 207:
Washington’s Farewell Address,Sep
- Page 208 and 209:
equal law must protect, and to viol
- Page 210 and 211:
I sec.8, Congress has also been gra
- Page 212 and 213:
That the following amendments of th
- Page 214 and 215:
3v.the disgusting spirit ofequality
- Page 216 and 217:
Transcendentalism DefinedThough clo
- Page 218 and 219:
All are needed by each one;Nothing
- Page 220 and 221:
a long period continue, to rule is
- Page 222 and 223:
The broadest and most prevalent err
- Page 224 and 225:
clergyman whose preaching my father
- Page 226 and 227:
difference between resisting this a
- Page 228 and 229:
similar concern for the conditions
- Page 230 and 231:
few years I have been gravely disap
- Page 232 and 233:
In the midst of blatant injustices
- Page 234 and 235:
about the baby, whom she had hardly
- Page 236 and 237:
who, with conjugal affections and m
- Page 238 and 239:
a hut, tranquil, if in a crowd. The
- Page 240 and 241:
South Carolina Ordinance of Nullifi
- Page 242 and 243:
operation....The right to secede is
- Page 244 and 245:
Worcester v. Georgia and refused to
- Page 246 and 247:
effect in point of possession when
- Page 248 and 249:
hold the writer maintained with the
- Page 250 and 251:
986A narrow Fellow in the GrassOcca
- Page 252 and 253:
house.“You done talk too much wid
- Page 254 and 255:
Kate Chopin: The StormIThe leaves w
- Page 256 and 257:
IVAlcée Laballière wrote to his w
- Page 258 and 259:
When the letter reached Desiree she
- Page 260 and 261:
Her lip was beginning to tremble, a
- Page 262 and 263:
IIITheir eyes met, and she blushed
- Page 264 and 265:
een reversed.“Why, how do you do?
- Page 266 and 267:
of a juggler tossing knives; but th
- Page 268 and 269:
Having deprived her of this first r
- Page 270 and 271:
Sojorner Truth: Ain’t I A Woman?S
- Page 272 and 273:
Viewpoints of the Mexican WarThe fo
- Page 274 and 275:
evolt and sin...”Caleb Atwater, E
- Page 276 and 277:
encouraged this ideal of the perfec
- Page 278 and 279:
its own territory, with boundaries
- Page 280 and 281:
3vi.slavery, sectionalismand secess
- Page 282 and 283:
Charles W. Chestnut:The Passing of
- Page 284 and 285:
promptness and decision. “He’s
- Page 286 and 287:
left the hotel when a long‐haired
- Page 288 and 289:
and sent to the penitentiary. I tho
- Page 290 and 291:
Necessary Evil to Positive GoodSour
- Page 292 and 293:
Dred Scott vs Sanford (1857)The fol
- Page 294 and 295:
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)I
- Page 296 and 297:
DBQ: Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Me
- Page 298 and 299:
of the slave-holding system is to d
- Page 300 and 301:
“Why, not a cruel man, exactly, b
- Page 302 and 303:
Lincoln Denies Racial EqualityInter
- Page 304 and 305:
through an unseen multitude.“Ther
- Page 306 and 307:
that they intercepted, even for a m
- Page 308 and 309:
earded elders of the church have wh
- Page 310 and 311:
speak of. What! I have authority, I
- Page 312 and 313:
nothing to be shunned in the handso
- Page 314 and 315:
summer sun, it was his father’s c
- Page 316 and 317:
a human form appeared at intervals,