through an unseen multitude.“There may be a devilish Indian behind every tree,” saidGoodman Brown to himself; and he glanced fearfully behindhim, as he added, “What if the devil himself should be at myvery elbow!”His head being turned back, he passed a crook of the road, andlooking forward again, beheld the figure of a man, in graveand decent attire, seated at the foot of an old tree. He arose, atGoodman Brown’s approach, and walked onward, side by sidewith him.“You are late, Goodman Brown,” said he. “The clock of the OldSouth was striking, as I came through Boston; and that is fullfifteen minutes agone.”“Faith kept me back awhile,” replied the young man, with atremor in his voice, caused by the sudden appearance of hiscompanion, though not wholly unexpected.It was now deep dusk in the forest, and deepest in that partof it where these two were journeying. As nearly as couldbe discerned, the second traveller was about fifty years old,apparently in the same rank of life as Goodman Brown, andbearing a considerable resemblance to him, though perhapsmore in expression than features. Still, they might have beentaken for father and son. And yet, though the elder person wasas simply clad as the younger, and as simple in manner too, hehad an indescribable air of one who knew the world, and wouldnot have felt abashed at the governor’s dinner-table, or in KingWilliam’s court, were it possible that his affairs should call himthither. But the only thing about him, that could be fixed uponas remarkable, was his staff, which bore the likeness of a greatblack snake, so curiously wrought, that it might almost be seento twist and wriggle itself like a living serpent. This, of course,must have been an ocular deception, assisted by the uncertainlight.“Come, Goodman Brown!” cried his fellow-traveller, “this is adull pace for the beginning of a journey. Take my staff, if youare so soon weary.”“Friend,” said the other, exchanging his slow pace for a full stop,“having kept covenant by meeting thee here, it is my purposenow to return whence I came. I have scruples, touching thematter thou wot’st of.”“Sayest thou so?” replied he of the serpent, smiling apart. “Letus walk on, nevertheless, reasoning as we go, and if I convincethee not, thou shalt turn back. We are but a little way in theforest, yet.”“Too far, too far!” exclaimed the goodman, unconsciouslyresuming his walk. “My father never went into the woods onsuch an errand, nor his father before him. We have been arace of honest men and good Christians, since the days of themartyrs. And shall I be the first of the name of Brown, thatever took this path and kept--”“Such company, thou wouldst say,” observed the elder person,interrupting his pause. “Well said, Goodman Brown! I havebeen as well acquainted with your family as with ever a oneamong the Puritans; and that’s no trifle to say. I helpedyour grandfather, the constable, when he lashed the Quakerwoman so smartly through the streets of Salem. And it wasI that brought your father a pitch-pine knot, kindled at myown hearth, to set fire to an Indian village, in King Philip’sWar. They were my good friends, both; and many a pleasantwalk have we had along this path, and returned merrily aftermidnight. I would fain be friends with you, for their sake.”“If it be as thou sayest,” replied Goodman Brown, “I marvelthey never spoke of these matters. Or, verily, I marvel not,seeing that the least rumor of the sort would have driven themfrom New England. We are a people of prayer, and good worksto boot, and abide no such wickedness.”“Wickedness or not,” said the traveller with the twisted staff,“I have a very general acquaintance here in New England.The deacons of many a church have drunk the communionwine with me; the selectmen, of divers towns, make me theirchairman; and a majority of the Great and General Court arefirm supporters of my interest. The governor and I, too--butthese are state-secrets.”“Can this be so!” cried Goodman Brown, with a stare ofamazement at his undisturbed companion. “Howbeit, I havenothing to do with the governor and council; they have theirown ways, and are no rule for a simple husbandman like me.But, were I to go on with thee, how should I meet the eyeof that good old man, our minister, at Salem village? Oh, hisvoice would make me tremble, both Sabbath-day and lectureday!”Thus far, the elder traveller had listened with due gravity, butnow burst into a fit of irrepressible mirth, shaking himself soviolently that his snake-like staff actually seemed to wriggle insympathy.“Ha! ha! ha!” shouted he, again and again; then composinghimself, “Well, go on, Goodman Brown, go on; but, pr’y thee,don’t kill me with laughing!”“Well, then, to end the matter at once,” said Goodman Brown,considerably nettled, “there is my wife, Faith. It would breakher dear little heart; and I’d rather break my own!”“Nay, if that be the case,” answered the other, “e’en go thy ways,303
Goodman Brown. I would not, for twenty old women like theone hobbling before us, that Faith should come to any harm.”As he spoke, he pointed his staff at a female figure on thepath, in whom Goodman Brown recognized a very pious andexemplary dame, who had taught him his catechism in youth,and was still his moral and spiritual adviser, jointly with theminister and Deacon Gookin.“A marvel, truly, that Goody Cloyse should be so far in thewilderness, at night-<strong>fall</strong>!” said he. “But, with your leave, friend,I shall take a cut through the woods, until we have left thisChristian woman behind. Being a stranger to you, she mightask whom I was consorting with, and whither I was going.”“Be it so,” said his fellow-traveller. “Betake you to the woods,and let me keep the path.”Accordingly, the young man turned aside, but took care towatch his companion, who advanced softly along the road,until he had come within a staff’s length of the old dame. She,meanwhile, was making the best of her way, with singularspeed for so aged a woman, and mumbling some indistinctwords, a prayer, doubtless, as she went. The traveller put forthhis staff, and touched her withered neck with what seemed theserpent’s tail.“The devil!” screamed the pious old lady.“Then Goody Cloyse knows her old friend?” observed thetraveller, confronting her, and leaning on his writhing stick.“Ah, forsooth, and is it your worship, indeed?” cried the gooddame. “Yea, truly is it, and in the very image of my old gossip,Goodman Brown, the grandfather of the silly fellow that nowis. But--would your worship believe it?--my broomstick hathstrangely disappeared, stolen, as I suspect, by that unhangedwitch, Goody Cory, and that, too, when I was all anointedwith the juice of smallage and cinquefoil and wolf’s-bane--”“Mingled with fine wheat and the fat of a new-born babe,” saidthe shape of old Goodman Brown.“Ah, your worship knows the recipe,” cried the old lady, cacklingaloud. “So, as I was saying, being all ready for the meeting, andno horse to ride on, I made up my mind to foot it; for they tellme, there is a nice young man to be taken into communion tonight.But now your good worship will lend me your arm, andwe shall be there in a twinkling.”“That can hardly be,” answered her friend. “I may not spare youmy arm, Goody Cloyse, but here is my staff, if you will.”So saying, he threw it down at her feet, where, perhaps, itassumed life, being one of the rods which its owner had formerlylent to Egyptian Magi. Of this fact, however, GoodmanBrown could not take cognizance. He had cast up his eyes inastonishment, and looking down again, beheld neither GoodyCloyse nor the serpentine staff, but his fellow-traveller alone,who waited for him as calmly as if nothing had happened.“That old woman taught me my catechism!” said the young man;and there was a world of meaning in this simple comment.They continued to walk onward, while the elder travellerexhorted his companion to make good speed and perseverein the path, discoursing so aptly, that his arguments seemedrather to spring up in the bosom of his auditor, than to besuggested by himself. As they went, he plucked a branch ofmaple, to serve for a walking-stick, and began to strip it ofthe twigs and little boughs, which were wet with evening dew.The moment his fingers touched them, they became strangelywithered and dried up, as with a week’s sunshine. Thus thepair proceeded, at a good free pace, until suddenly, in a gloomyhollow of the road, Goodman Brown sat himself down on thestump of a tree, and refused to go any farther.“Friend,” said he, stubbornly, “my mind is made up. Not anotherstep will I budge on this errand. What if a wretched old womando choose to go to the devil, when I thought she was going toHeaven! Is that any reason why I should quit my dear Faith,and go after her?”“You will think better of this by-and-by,” said his acquaintance,composedly. “Sit here and rest yourself awhile; and when youfeel like moving again, there is my staff to help you along.”Without more words, he threw his companion the maple stick,and was as speedily out of sight, as if he had vanished into thedeepening gloom. The young man sat a few moments by theroad-side, applauding himself greatly, and thinking with howclear a conscience he should meet the minister, in his morningwalk,nor shrink from the eye of good old Deacon Gookin.And what calm sleep would be his, that very night, which wasto have been spent so wickedly, but purely and sweetly now,in the arms of Faith! Amidst these pleasant and praiseworthymeditations, Goodman Brown heard the tramp of horses alongthe road, and deemed it advisable to conceal himself withinthe verge of the forest, conscious of the guilty purpose that hadbrought him thither, though now so happily turned from it.On came the hoof-tramps and the voices of the riders, twograve old voices, conversing soberly as they drew near. Thesemingled sounds appeared to pass along the road, within a fewyards of the young man’s hiding-place; but owing, doubtless,to the depth of the gloom, at that particular spot, neither thetravellers nor their steeds were visible. Though their figuresbrushed the small boughs by the way-side, it could not be seen304 <strong>fieldston</strong> <strong>american</strong> <strong>reader</strong> <strong>volume</strong> i – <strong>fall</strong> <strong>2007</strong>
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the federalist papers #51 (1787)...
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Inventing An AmericaCrèvecoeur Dis
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I say to you today, my friends, tha
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melodies of the Negro slave; the Am
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31.the encounterand north americasu
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Native American PoetryWHEN SUN CAME
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Pagans and Pilgrims in the Promised
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Reverend Doctor Sepulveda has spoke
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Juan Gines de Sepulveda:“The Grea
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Nathaniel Bacon: Bacon’s Declarat
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The sale of human beings in the mar
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seeking great things for ourselves
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Therefore, let every one that is ou
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frontier village she revised her ea
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Edward Taylor: Poems (1642—I729)L
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The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1
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fly kites and shoot marbles, and to
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Dominie Van Shaick, the village par
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another man. In the midst of his be
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Washington Irving:The Legend of Sle
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a kind of idle gentlemanlike person
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Tassel. In this enterprise, however
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on the top of his nose, for so his
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however, turned upon the favorite s
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the green knoll on which stands the
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so any nation, that discovers an un
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indefatigable measures, the cause o
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their heads on their shoulders inst
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Metacomet Cries Out for RevengeIn t
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Gustavus Vassa: The Interesting Nar
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duct, and guard them from evil. The
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particularly at full moons; general
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that might come upon us; for they s
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size of the finger nail. I was sold
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intolerably loathsome, that it was
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as he instinctively guessed its app
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Document DSource: Articles of Agree
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Next to manners are the exterior gr
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Howard Zinn: Columbus, the Indians,
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same token covet the possessions of
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and culture, to ensnare ordinary pe
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Fire Brand, and putting it into the
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included the Mohawks (People Of the
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It has been tempting to dismiss Jef
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she found herself back in prison. M
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311.the struggle forindependence176
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John Locke: of Civil Government (16
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Daniel Dulany: “Considerations”
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First Continental Congress, Declara
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colonies enabled her to triumph ove
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and America is a strong and natural
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considerable pecuniary resources, b
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He has combined with others to subj
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Mary Beth Norton:Women in the Revol
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testified, so “I was obliged to S
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peace terms. And, tragically, Samue
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not that this glorious threesome ne
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less powerful than the rest, as it
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paramount culture, but to many for
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James Kirby Martin: Protest and Def
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3111.developing a frameworkfor gove
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The Articles of Confederation (1777
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7. Whenever the Confederate Lords s
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Darkness there, and nothing more.De
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Edgar Allen Poe:The Fall of the Hou
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of unnatural sensations. Some of th
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the full extent, or the earnest aba
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paused; for it appeared to me (alth
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Walt Whitman:Poetry Crossing Brookl
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101 Flow on, river! flow with the f
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41 Nor any more youth or age than t
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136 I am not an earth nor an adjunc
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13225 The negro holds firmly the re
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322 Patriarchs sit at supper with s
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415 And if each and all be aware I
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511 Voices of cycles of preparation
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27611 To be in any form, what is th
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702 Head high in the forehead, wide
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806 I go hunting polar furs and the
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908 Ten o’clock at night, the ful
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1001 I do not ask who you are, that
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1099 Believing I shall come again u
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1200 The great Camerado, the lover
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1294 And as to you Corpse I think y
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James Madison:The Federalist Papers
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James Madison:The Federalist Papers
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people are impliedly and incidental
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sort of people, who are orderly and
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Charles Beard: The ConstitutionA Mi
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Legislatures reflect these interest
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Staughton Lynd:The Conflict Over Sl
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France is an example. Jefferson had
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to the interior & landed interest,
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The first was to solve the problem
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there against mobs, demagogues, and
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3iv.the early republic: forging ana
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Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jeffe
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employment to industrious individua
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Hamiltonian Federalists and Jeffers
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“As the present crisis of human a
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The Kentucky Resolutions of 1799The
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Washington’s Farewell Address,Sep
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equal law must protect, and to viol
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I sec.8, Congress has also been gra
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That the following amendments of th
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3v.the disgusting spirit ofequality
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Transcendentalism DefinedThough clo
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All are needed by each one;Nothing
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a long period continue, to rule is
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The broadest and most prevalent err
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clergyman whose preaching my father
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difference between resisting this a
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similar concern for the conditions
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few years I have been gravely disap
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In the midst of blatant injustices
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about the baby, whom she had hardly
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who, with conjugal affections and m
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a hut, tranquil, if in a crowd. The
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South Carolina Ordinance of Nullifi
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operation....The right to secede is
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Worcester v. Georgia and refused to
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effect in point of possession when
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hold the writer maintained with the
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986A narrow Fellow in the GrassOcca
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house.“You done talk too much wid
- Page 254 and 255: Kate Chopin: The StormIThe leaves w
- Page 256 and 257: IVAlcée Laballière wrote to his w
- Page 258 and 259: When the letter reached Desiree she
- Page 260 and 261: Her lip was beginning to tremble, a
- Page 262 and 263: IIITheir eyes met, and she blushed
- Page 264 and 265: een reversed.“Why, how do you do?
- Page 266 and 267: of a juggler tossing knives; but th
- Page 268 and 269: Having deprived her of this first r
- Page 270 and 271: Sojorner Truth: Ain’t I A Woman?S
- Page 272 and 273: Viewpoints of the Mexican WarThe fo
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- Page 276 and 277: encouraged this ideal of the perfec
- Page 278 and 279: its own territory, with boundaries
- Page 280 and 281: 3vi.slavery, sectionalismand secess
- Page 282 and 283: Charles W. Chestnut:The Passing of
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- Page 286 and 287: left the hotel when a long‐haired
- Page 288 and 289: and sent to the penitentiary. I tho
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- Page 292 and 293: Dred Scott vs Sanford (1857)The fol
- Page 294 and 295: The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)I
- Page 296 and 297: DBQ: Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Me
- Page 298 and 299: of the slave-holding system is to d
- Page 300 and 301: “Why, not a cruel man, exactly, b
- Page 302 and 303: Lincoln Denies Racial EqualityInter
- Page 306 and 307: that they intercepted, even for a m
- Page 308 and 309: earded elders of the church have wh
- Page 310 and 311: speak of. What! I have authority, I
- Page 312 and 313: nothing to be shunned in the handso
- Page 314 and 315: summer sun, it was his father’s c
- Page 316 and 317: a human form appeared at intervals,