Brittle Power- PARTS 1-3 (+Notes) - Natural Capitalism Solutions

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Simplified versions 273Quality control 274System integration 275Linking to the grid: resilience lost? 277Technical status of resilient renewable sources 282Economic status of resilient renewable sources 283External costs and benefits 284Built-in resilience 288Chapter Achieving Resilience (with Alec Jenkins) 293Seventeen The Federal role 293Making policy coherent 298State programs 300Why act now? 301What energy dependence costs the community 305Creating a sustainable local economy 307Getting started 311Concerted action 316Crisis response 320What local governments can do 322Financing 323Energy services delivery 331Resilience begins at home 332APPENDICESAppendix One Scale Issues 335Direct construction costs 338Operating costs 340Reserve margin 342Thermal efficiency 342Waste heat integration 343Transmission and distribution costs 345Construction time and indirect costs 346Control of residuals 349Other issues of scale economics 349What is the net result? 351Appendix Two Technical Progress in Appropriate Renewable Sources 354Heat 354Electricity 363Interconnection with the electric grid 369Summary 373Appendix Three Economic Assessment of Appropriate Renewable Sources 374Notes 391Bibliography 429Index 469About the Authors 485viii
ForewordThe professional fraternity of those who deal regularly with questions of nationalsecurity has its own language, its own rituals, its own stylized forms ofwell-worn argument. Most strategic analysts, for example, obligingly sort themselvesout into two herds—those who advocate only an “assured destruction”mission for our strategic forces and those who support a “counterforce” capability.They then find some specific piece of new hardware about which theycan conveniently disagree, and they do, interminably—ringing all the changeson a ritualized dispute while the public looks on with a mixture of boredom,fear, and confusion.Look out, fraternity, here come Hunter and Amory Lovins.The authors of this fascinating, disturbing, and—in its own way—hopefulbook disrupt this well-worn debate in a number of healthy ways. They insiston taking seriously one of our society’s most troubling vulnerabilities—theextremely fragile nature of the way it acquires, transmits, and uses energy.Because they take seriously a problem which has grown, under our noses,while we have almost all refused to think about it, they will doubtless hearsome try to argue that the threats they describe could not realistically becomemanifest. But the vulnerabilities are so numerous—to the weather, to accidentsarising from complexity (“one damned thing leads to another”), to a handfulof terrorists, to the detonation of even a single smuggled nuclear weapon—thatdenying the plausibility of such threats is unlikely to prove persuasive. Theauthors’ recommended solutions for a more resilient energy system—greaterend-use efficiency and redundant, decentralized, simple, and renewable energysources—thus appear in a very different light than that in which such recommendationshave often appeared before. In the hands of the authors, theseare not solutions that derive from a desire to take to the hills with a bag ofKrugerrands to abandon a decaying society, nor are they steps that resist theuse of modern technology or demand special subsidies. The Lovinses seekix
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Chapter Thirteen: Designing for Res
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* Notes for Appendices 1-3 appear a
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Notes 393ed a preliminary study clo
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Notes 395Chapter Ten.14 Gerlach 197
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Notes 39722 Crittenden 1981.23 Econ
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Notes 399121 McCullough et al. 1968
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Notes 401ly affected oil prices.38
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Notes 403171 Stephens 1974:45.172 S
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Notes 4051981:2-8.71 Dircks 1981.72
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Notes 407Oak Ridge for seven weeks
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Notes 4133 Electrical Construction
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Notes 415savings, SERI 1981; Sant e
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Notes 41715 Butti & Perlin 1980.16
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Notes 419the environment in ounce o
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Notes 42188 The Energy Consumer 197
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