Pieter Bruegel and the Art of Laughter - AAAARG.ORG

notes to pages 20–21 169
to Modern Times (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968); and esp.
Schmitz 1972, pp. 116–156, who devotes considerable attention to the
importance of laughter for melancholics.
43. For Iambe (also called Baubo), see Gilhus 1997, pp. 33–34; The Homeric
Hymns to Demeter: Translation, Commentary, and Interpretative Essays, trans. and
ed. Helene Foley (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994), p. 12, commentary
pp. 45–46. For another version of this story, see Apollodorus,
The Library, trans. Sir James George Frazer, 2 vols., Loeb Classical Library
(London: W. Heinemann; New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1921), 1:37.
44. Giovanni Marinello, Delle medicine partenenti all’ infermità delle donne (Venice:
Francesco de’ Francheschi, 1563); and Girolamo Mercurio [Friar Scipione],
De gli errori popolari d’Italia (Venice: Giovanni Ciotti, 1603), cited in Bell 1999,
pp. 194 and 197 respectively. Martin Luther similarly advised against joking
with pregnant women, for fear of “miscarriages, monsters, and various
deformities”; see Karant-Nunn and Wiesner-Hanks 2003, p. 178.
45. Quoted in Welsford 1968, p. 283.
46. Pleij 1990; Verberckmoes 1998; Verberckmoes 1999; Dekker 1997; and
Van Stipriaan 1996.
47. Rabelais-Cohen 1955, p. 435, in the second version of the Quart livre, published
in 1552; see Michael J. Heath, Rabelais, Medieval and Renaissance
Texts and Studies, vol. 130 (Tempe: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and
Studies, 1996 ), pp. 90–91.
48. Het volksboek van Ulenspiegel, ed. Loek Geeraedts, Klassik galerij 42 (Kapellen:
DNB / Uitgeverij Pelckmans; Amsterdam: Wereldbibliotheek, 1986 ),
p. 93, “Die Prolooghe.”
49. De pastoor van Kalenberg, ed. Hinke van Kampen and Herman Pleij (Muiderberg:
Dick Coutinho, 1981).
50. See Bowen 1988.
51. For a late-fifteenth-century French translation, frequently published in
the next century, see Les facecies de Poge, trans. Guillaume Tardif, ed. Frédéric
Duval and Sandrine Hériché-Pradeau (Geneva: Librairie Droz, 2003).
52. See Nyeuwe clucht boeck 1983; also described in Verberckmoes 1999,
pp. 27–28.
53. Lambrecht 1945, p. 48, s.v., “Boerde oft cluchte”: “quand on dit quelque
chose par jeu et non point à bon esciënt.” See also Verberckmoes 1999,