Pieter Bruegel and the Art of Laughter - AAAARG.ORG

notes to pages 107–110 209
Methuen & Co., 1916 ), p. 286, where he notes that Spanish wine was first
brought to the Netherlands in the middle of the reign of Charles V.
9. Sullivan 1994, pp. 30–36, passim. For the two colloquies, Convivium religiosum
(1522) and Convivium poeticum (1523), see Erasmus-Thompson 1965,
pp. 46–78 and 158–176 respectively.
10. See Plato 1963, pp. 40–98 and 526–574 respectively.
11. For the dialogue as a subspecies of the sermo as defined by Cicero, see Gary
Remer, Humanism and the Rhetoric of Toleration (University Park: Pennsylvania
State University Press, 1996 ), pp. 26–27, 30–41.
12. Jean Bodin, Colloquium heptaplomeres; although completed in 1588, it was
not published in full until 1857; for its contents, see Remer, Humanism and
the Rhetoric of Toleration, pp. 211–230.
13. Quoted from The Godly Feast, in Erasmus-Thompson 1965, p. 56.
14. Juan Luis Vives, On Education: A Translation of the “De Tradendis disciplinis,”
trans. and intro. Foster Wilson, foreword Francesco Cordasco (1913; Totowa,
N.J.: Rowan and Littlefield, 1971), pp. 209–210 ( bk. IV, chap. VI).
15. Hooftman had wanted Floris, but he was too expensive and worked too
slowly; three of De Vos’s paintings have survived. See Zweite 1980,
pp. 67–84; and Kavaler 1999, pp. 43–44.
16. Sullivan 1994, pp. 99–100 and fig. 53, where it is called “attributed to
Pieter Pourbus the Elder.” However, it bears the signature of Frans Pourbus;
see Koninklijke Musea voor Schone Kunsten van België, Departement
Oude Kunst, Inventariscatalogus van de oude schilderkunst (Brussels, 1984),
p. 230, Inv. 4435.
17. Sullivan 1994, p. 100; a similar observation in Kavaler 1999, p. 194.
18. See Van der Noot 1979, pp. 62–66.
19. See Laura Gelfand and Walter S. Gibson, “Surrogate Selves: The Devotional
Portrait in the Late Middle Ages,” Simiolus 29 (2002): 119–138.
20. For various meanings of statelyc and statigh, see Woordenboek 1882–1998, s.v.,
“statig,” with a citation from Philips van Marnix van St. Aldegonde, who
says that St. Peter “syne stemmicheyt ende graviteyt statelick gehouden
heeft” (my italics), approximately translated as “retained his dignity and
gravity in a stately manner.” Statelijc is the word used for the costume prescribed
for one character in a sixteenth-century rederijker play; see Pikhaus
1988–89, 1:102.