Pieter Bruegel and the Art of Laughter - AAAARG.ORG

262 index
Patronage, 7, 10, 13, 73–74, 75–76,
141, 151
Paul, Saint, 108
Pauli, Johannes, 21
Paumgartner, Magdalena, 226n58
Peasants: Aertsen’s depiction of, 51,
86, 87, 99; Baltens’s depiction of, 25,
25, 26, 26, 90, 99; Beuckelaer’s depiction
of, 87, 87–88; Jan “Velvet”
Brueghel’s depiction of, 152, 153;
Pieter Brueghel the Younger’s
depiction of, 185n88; Van Cleve’s
depiction of, 88, 89, 99, 152,
200–201n56; Du Fail’s description
of, 97; festivals of (see Festivals);
folly attributed to, 70, 72,
77, 91–94, 96; Grimmer’s depiction
of, 84–86, 85, 90, 91; Van
der Heyden’s depiction of, 121,
122; masques depicting, 155; Jan
Massys’s depiction of, 53, 54, 99;
Mostaert’s depiction of, 84, 85,
88–89, 90; and Raupp’s study
of satire, 150; and relations with
landowners, 83–86, 97, 102, 151;
and relations with urban dwellers,
77–78, 86–87, 94–95, 98, 104–5,
200n55, 204n83; Van Reymerswaele’s
depiction of, 53; Rivius’s
description of, 163n2; stereotypical
portrayal of, 149–51; Valckenborch’s
depiction of, 94–95, 94–
96, 152; Weiditz’s depiction of,
37–38, 38
Peasants, Bruegel the Elder’s depiction
of: anti-stereotypical character
of, 149–51; Antwerp elite’s
reception of, 68–76, 77, 103–5,
106–7, 152–56; The Bagpiper, 91, 92;
embellishment of architectural
mural, 11, 77; Hoboken Kermis, 81, 82,
83; Peasant and the Nest Robber, 6, 8;
Peasant Kermis, 7, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71–
72, 75, 96, 100–101, 100–102, 117,
149, 150, 151, 154, 190nn23,26;
Peasant Wedding Dance, 7, 64, 68, 69,
75, 99, 117, 123, 149, 150, 151, 154;
Peasant Wedding Feast, 7, 66, 68, 69,
71, 75, 88, 96, 102–3, 103, 117, 118–
22, 119, 121, 149, 150, 151, 152, 154,
190n26; St. Joris Kermis, 89; Wheat
Harvest, 61–62, 64–65
Pels, Aernout, 107
Perronet, Frederick, 193n48
Petrarch, 193n44
Philip II (king of Spain), 26, 67, 86,
113, 155, 161n42, 188–89n6, 199n37
Philip IV (king of Spain), 152
Philip of Burgundy (bishop of
Utrecht), 175n2
Philosophy, 1, 6, 7, 14, 18, 42, 70,
76, 160n36; and philosophical
banquets, 73, 107–8, 154
Physiognomy: in Van Amstel’s art,
51; in Bruegel’s art, 12–13, 46–47,
56, 60, 61, 64, 102, 149, 180n53,
188n102; manuals of, 48–50. See
also Facial expression
Pinson, Yona, 188n106
Pio, Alberto, 173n82
Pizan, Christine de, 136
Plaijerwater ( phony water), 25,
173–74n88
Plantin, Christophe, 13, 33, 70, 72,
76, 80, 82, 113, 140, 154, 177n15
Plato, 107, 108, 154, 176n9
Plautus, 72
Plays, 10, 24, 28, 141, 225n44; allegorical,
9, 37, 147, 174n89; banquet
(tafelspelen), 24, 93, 102, 108, 114–
15, 115, 117, 147, 155, 173n80, 177n14,
203n74, 214n68; carnival, 135, 138–