Book 4 - Self Instructional Manual for Cancer Registrars - SEER ...

APPENDICULARThe appendicularSKELETONskeleton is composed of 126 bones.Upper extremity (32 bones on each side):• Clavicle: collar bone connects the sternum to the scapula• Scapula: shoulder blade lies on the upper part of the back• Humerus: upper arm bone articulates with the scapula at the upper end and withthe ulna and radius at its lower end• Ulna: medial lower arm bone• Radius: lateral lower arm bone• Carpals: wrist bones in 2 rows of 4 bones (total of 8 bones on each hand)• Metacarpals: bones which form the bony structure of the palm of the hand (totalof 5 bones on each hand)• Phalanges: bones which form the fingers. Each finger, except the thumb, has 3phalanges; the thumb has only 2 (total of 14 bones on each hand).Lower extremity(31 bones on each side)• Hip bones: ilium, ischium, and pubis form the lateral and anterior walls of thepelvis• Femur: thigh bone articulates with the tibia at the distal end• Patella: kneecap• Tibia (shin bone): The larger of the two lower leg bones articulates with the femurat upper end and with the fibula at both upper and lower ends.• Tarsals: ankle bones, the highest of which articulates with the tibia and fibula (totalof 7 bones on each foot)• Metatarsals: bones which form the bony structure of the foot (total of 5 bones oneach foot)• Phalanges (toe bones): Each toe, except the big toe, has 3 phalanges; the big toehas only 2 (total of 14 bones on each foot).367