Book 4 - Self Instructional Manual for Cancer Registrars - SEER ...

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Answer:Q1The five major sensesof the body are:1. Vision2. Hearing3. Taste4. Smell5. TouchAnswer:Q2b 1. Exteroceptors Located in the skin, mucosa, eye, and earc 2. Proprioceptors Located in the muscles, tendons, joints,and the internal eara 3. Visceroceptors Located in the walls of blood vessels in thestomach, intestines, and other organs414
The Sense of Vision (Eye)The eye is set in a bony socket, the orbit. The visible portion of the eye is covered by a thintransparent membrane called the coniunctiva 1.The eyeball is not a solid sphere. It contains a large interior cavity that is divided into two parts,the anterior and posterior cavities. The anterior cavity, in turn, has two subdivisions known as theanterior chamber and the posterior chamber. Most of the eyeball (Figure 76) is recessed in the orbit,protected by the walls of this bony cavity. The wall of the eyeball is composed of three layers; fromthe outside to the inside, they are the sclera, the choroid, and the retina.. The sclera, composed of tough fibrous tissue, is the protective and supportive layer of theeye. The anterior portion of the sclera, called the cornea, lies over the colored part of theeye (iris) and the pupil. The cornea is transparent and allows passage of light.o The middle or choroid layer (the pigmented vascular coat) of the eye contains a great manyblood vessels. The iris, the colored muscular ring, controls the size of the pupil and theamount of light entering the eye. The anterior portion is modified to <strong>for</strong>m the ciliary body,the main part of which is ciliary muscle. Its function is the adjustment of the lens of theeye <strong>for</strong> vision at different distances. The crystalline lens is suspended from the innersurface of the ciliary body by circular ligaments called the suspensory ligaments. Thefunction of the lens is to bend light rays in order to focus an image on the retina.° The retina is the innermost layer of the eye. It is composed of two sections: the outer ispigmented and attached to the choroid layer, and the inner is composed of nervous tissue.The retina is the light sensitive layer.Figure 75. EYEPog ter Lot chamber................ v,,,-,,.,,, boa,Eye muscle Choro i.dlconjunctiva--mucous membrane covering the anterior portion of the eyeball, and lining theeyelids.415
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SEER ProgramSelf Instructional Manu
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CONTENTSBOOK 4: HUMAN ANATOMY AS RE
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ILLUSTRATIONS(Figures 1-82, cont'd)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSPortions of Book 4
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SECTIONAOBJECTIVES AND CONTENT OF B
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BSECTIONBTERMS USED TO INDICATE BOD
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Directional Planes of the BodySagit
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Relative Positional and Directional
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Figure 3. ANATOMIC DIVISIONSOF THE
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Answers to Practical ExerciseNote t
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SECTIONCTHE INTEGUMENTARYSYSTEM19
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EpidermisThe epidermis (Figure 4A)
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Q1a. What are the two primary layer
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Epidermis is epithelial tissue deri
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Answer:Q2The three glands of the sk
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Q3Q4Accessory skin organs are found
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Benign TumorsThere is a large group
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Q5 Match the malignant tumors of th
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MalignantMelanomaMalignant melanoma
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The description of the level 1 of i
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Q9"Clark's Classification" of malig
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Lymphatic Drainage of the SkinThe l
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Q10Match the regions of the skin on
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SECTIONTHE LYMPHATICDSYSTEM51
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T-Cells Versus B-CeilsThe two princ
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Answer:Q1The lymphatic system colle
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Figures 8A-8B. LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE O
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Answer:Q3The lymphatic system colle
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Lymph nodes accomplish two separate
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Q6The lymph nodes have two main fun
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SpleenThe spleen, the largest lymph
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Q9Match each lymphatic organ or tis
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LymphaticDrainageLymph nodes, most
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Answer:QllLymphatics tend to parall
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Q14A general term for lymph nodes l
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Lymph Nodes of the ThoraxThe lymph
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Answer:Q18Lymph nodes of the thorax
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Q20Lymph nodes of the abdomen may a
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Lymph Nodes of Upper and Lower Extr
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Answer:Q22c 1. Popliteal Heela 2. A
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Hodgkin's disease. The histologic c
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Answer:Q23Benign tumors of lymphoid
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Extralymphatic/ExtranodalSitesLymph
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Answer:Q27Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas m
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TilE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMIonatod
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEMFigure 14D. BLOOD
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Answer:Q1The cardiovascular system
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The heart lies in a loose-fitting s
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106
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Answer:Q5The heart has four chamber
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Answer:QIODeoxygenated blood from t
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Portal System (portal circulation)V
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Answer:QllThe three kinds of blood
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Answer:QlgThe three main types of b
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120
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Answer:Q18White blood cells which a
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DEVELOPMENTOF WHITE BLOOD CELLSStem
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Answer:Q20Malignant diseases of the
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Answer:Q25b 1. Leukemia An uncontro
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130
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132
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Answer:Q1The parts of the respirato
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136
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Answer:Q41. Serves as a passageway
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140
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Answer:Q7The pharynx can be divided
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The larynx can be divided into thre
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146
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Answer:Q10The three single cartilag
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150
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Answer:Q14The windpipe or trachea s
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The lungs provide a place where lar
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Answer:Q16The main bronchus, pulmon
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Clinical ManifestationsClinical man
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Answer:Q19The interpleural space ma
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Answer:Q24_g_ 1. Exchange of oxygen
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: Esophagus-RectumP
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The organs of the digestive system
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Answer:Q1The main organs of the dig
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• Lips. The lips form the upper a
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Answer:Q5The lip consists of an exp
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Malignant TumorsMalignant lesions a
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Answer:Q8The tongue is composed of
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• Gums (gingiva). The gums are fo
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Answer:Qllb__ 1. GumMucosal coverin
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182
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Answer:Q12The palate is the roof of
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186
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Answer:Q18The major salivary glands
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190
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Answer:Q21c 1. Gum Retropharyngeala
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Oropharynx. The air and food passag
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196
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Answer:Q23Another name for the hypo
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Answer:Q25a__ 1. HypopharynxServes
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Answer:Q28a. Tonsillar pillar - Oro
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Figure 31. MEASUREMENTS OF THE ESOP
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206
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Answer:Q30The esophagus extends fro
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The medial border of the stomach is
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Q33The stomach lies just below thei
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Answer:Q33The stomach lies just bel
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216
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Answer:Q38The small intestine is ab
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The large intestine receives the fl
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Malignantand Benign TumorsThe usual
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224
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Answer:Q41The large intestine is ab
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Answer:Q433. The ileocolic lymph no
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Metastatic tumors involving the liv
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Answer:Q45The most common primary t
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234
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Answer: 046The function of the gall
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238
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Answer:Q48.The pancreas plays an im
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Figure 39. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF THE U
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The microscopic structure of the re
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Answer:Q1The urinary system consist
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Figure 41. A NEPHRON_ Otomes_JLus_;
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250
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Answer:Q4The blood is circulated th
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254
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Answer:Q8The regional lymph node dr
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258
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Answer:Q12The tube which carries ur
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URINARY BLADDER, RENAL PELVIS AND U
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Malignant TumorsBladder cancer is t
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Answer:Q14The urinary bladder is a
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Q18Theis a membranous tube which co
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Answer:Q18The urethra is a membrano
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Figure 44.FEMALE PELVIS (frontal vi
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CORPUSUTERII I _ 'PRIMARY] ENDOMETR
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Answer:Q1The female reproductiveorg
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• Choriocarcinoma, a highly malig
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Answer:Q6For corpus uteri you might
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FallopiantubesThe fallopian tubes,
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Answer:Q7b 1. Uterus Pear-shaped mu
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Q8Name the three openings of the ut
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Answer: 08In naming the three openi
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Regional Lymph NodesThe regional ly
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6. Vaginal orifice f. Glands that s
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Answer:Q14The vagina is situated be
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296
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298
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Answer:Q19The breasts overlie the p
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A tumor specified as "subareolar" i
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Answer:Q22One of the first and most
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306
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ANSWERS TO REVIEW TESTd 1. Gonads i
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310
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Answer:Q25The male gonads consist o
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314
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Answer:Q27c 1. Epididymis Tube loca
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Figure 51. PROSTATE GLAND (frontal
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Answer:Q29b 1. Prostate Gland which
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RegionalLymph NodesThe regional lym
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324
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Answer:Q30Male hormones are produce
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Figure 53. ENDOCRINEGLANDS328
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• Prolactin (luteotrophic hormone
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Parathyroid GlandThere are four par
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Thymus GlandThe thymus gland is loc
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Q2Match the hormone on the left wit
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Answer:Q1d 1. Hormones Organic secr
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340
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Figure 58.AXIAL SKELETONSkuLl.342
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344
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Answer:Q1The skeletal system is com
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348
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Answer:Q4One characteristic which d
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352
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Answer:Q8The purpose of the sesamoi
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Structure of BoneEach long bone of
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Answer:QllThe numbered parts of the
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Facial bones. The facial bones are
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Figure 65. BONES OF THE THORAX Figu
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Page 374 and 375: Figure 67. APPENDICULARSKELETON366
Page 376 and 377: Malignant TumorsBone is derived fro
Page 378 and 379: Q20Sites from which metastases to b
Page 380 and 381: Q22Match the description on the lef
Page 382 and 383: Answer:Q21c 1. Angiosarcoma A malig
Page 384 and 385: Figure 68.MUSCLE TYPES376
Page 386 and 387: Figure 69. HISTOLOGICAL COMPARISONS
Page 388 and 389: Answer:Q1The three types of muscle
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Page 392 and 393: Answer:Q61. True Malignant tumors o
Page 394 and 395: • Supinators turn the palm upward
Page 396 and 397: Answer:Q8The three general function
Page 398 and 399: Answer:Q11Match the muscle groups o
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Page 402 and 403: Figure 70.NERVE CELL (neuron)394
Page 404 and 405: Answer:Q1The central nervous system
Page 406 and 407: Figure 71.CEREBRUMCEREBRUMC_ere_etr
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Page 410 and 411: Figure 74 CRANIAL NERVES402
Page 412 and 413: MalignantTumorsGliomas are tumors o
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Page 416 and 417: Answer:Q6Match each term on the lef
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Page 426 and 427: Answer:Q3The three layers which com
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Page 430 and 431: Answer:Q5The eyeball/s not a solid
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Page 434 and 435: Answer:Q8Name the lymph nodes which
Page 436 and 437: Figure 80. TONGUE: Areas of tasteUv
Page 438 and 439: Answer:QllReceptors for the sense o
Page 440 and 441: Malignant TumorsTumors of the nasal
Page 442 and 443: Answer:Q13The nasal fossa is divide
Page 444 and 445: Regional Lymph NodesThe lymphatics
Page 446 and 447: Answer:Q16b 1. External ear Made up
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Page 450 and 451: HISTOLOGIC TYPE PRIMARY SITELeukemi
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Page 454 and 455: DETERMINATION OF SUBSEQUENT PRIMARI
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DETERMINATION OF SUBSEQUENT PRIMARI
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470
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OTHER ICD-O-2 CODES TO BE CONSIDERE
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474
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SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY (cont'd)Paul,
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478
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Adenocarcinoma (continued)Primary s
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Arteries (see also Vessels) (contin
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Blood (see also Cardiovascular syst
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Bone tissue (osseous, vascular tiss
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Breast (mammary gland) (continued)H
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Cartilage (nonvascular tissue) (con
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Cerebrum (forebrain, telencephalon)
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Cortisol, 329, 333, 336, 338Cortiso
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Ducts (see also Endocrine system an
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Estradiol, 281Estrogen-producing ca
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Follicular adenocarcinoma, 331, 337
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Glycogen, 229Gonadotrophic hormone
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Histologic type of cancer, 439-441H
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Integumentary system (skin) (contin
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Kidney (see also Urinary system) (c
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Leukocyte (WBC),Agranular, 119B-Cel
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Luteal cell, 281Luteinizing hormone
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Lymph nodes (continued)Perivesical,
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Lymphoma (continued)Nasopharynx (ph
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Metastases (continued)Lymph node, 6
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Muscle (see also Muscular system) (
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Nervous system, Cranial (continued)
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Ovary (female gonad), 273, 281,285,
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Peripheral nervous system, 393, 396
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Prostate (continued)Urethra (prosta
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Salivary gland (see also Parotid, S
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Skull (diploe), 351, 354, 356, 359,
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Sulcus,Buccal, 178Nasolabial, 39Sup
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Tibia (shin bone), 351, 369Tumors o
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Tumor (see also specific histologic
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Urethra (female, male) (continued)L
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Vertebral cavity, 10Vertebral colum
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