Book 4 - Self Instructional Manual for Cancer Registrars - SEER ...

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Answer:Q3The lymphatic system collects lymph from body tissues in an ever-enlarging system oflymphatic vessels to form terminal lymphatic ducts which empty into veins that carry thelymph back to the blood circulatory system.Answer:Q4The main lymphatic trunks are the right ly.__ghatic duct and the thoracic duct.The thoracic duct drains the greater part of the body.Answer:Q5The structure of the lymphatic vessels resembles veins with the major difference being thatthe lymphatics have lymph nodes along their course.60
LymphNodesLymph nodes are oval or bean-shaped masses of lymphoid tissue, densely packed with lymphocytes.They vary in size from a pinhead to a lima bean. They are each covered by a capsule of fibrousconnective tissue. The lymph moves through the afferent (towards the node) lymphatic vessels intothe node where it is filtered through sinus channels lined with reticuloendothelial cel!s I (orhistioeytes) and emerges by an efferent (away from the node) vessel (see Figure 9A for the internalstructure of a lymph node, and Figure 9B for the external view).Figures 9A and 9B. STRUCTURE OF A LYMPH NODELymphaticKf£orentweaselslreticuloendothelial cells (or histiocytes)--Special cells which ingest and destroy old erythrocytesand foreign substances; found mainly in the lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and bone marrow.61
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SEER ProgramSelf Instructional Manu
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CONTENTSBOOK 4: HUMAN ANATOMY AS RE
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ILLUSTRATIONS(Figures 1-82, cont'd)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSPortions of Book 4
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SECTIONAOBJECTIVES AND CONTENT OF B
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BSECTIONBTERMS USED TO INDICATE BOD
Page 18 and 19: Directional Planes of the BodySagit
Page 20 and 21: Relative Positional and Directional
Page 22 and 23: Figure 3. ANATOMIC DIVISIONSOF THE
Page 24 and 25: Answers to Practical ExerciseNote t
Page 27: SECTIONCTHE INTEGUMENTARYSYSTEM19
Page 30 and 31: EpidermisThe epidermis (Figure 4A)
Page 33 and 34: Q1a. What are the two primary layer
Page 35: Epidermis is epithelial tissue deri
Page 38 and 39: Answer:Q2The three glands of the sk
Page 41 and 42: Q3Q4Accessory skin organs are found
Page 43 and 44: Benign TumorsThere is a large group
Page 45 and 46: Q5 Match the malignant tumors of th
Page 47 and 48: MalignantMelanomaMalignant melanoma
Page 49: The description of the level 1 of i
Page 52 and 53: Q9"Clark's Classification" of malig
Page 54 and 55: Lymphatic Drainage of the SkinThe l
Page 57 and 58: Q10Match the regions of the skin on
Page 59: SECTIONTHE LYMPHATICDSYSTEM51
Page 62 and 63: T-Cells Versus B-CeilsThe two princ
Page 64 and 65: Answer:Q1The lymphatic system colle
Page 66 and 67: Figures 8A-8B. LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE O
Page 70 and 71: Lymph nodes accomplish two separate
Page 73 and 74: Q6The lymph nodes have two main fun
Page 75 and 76: SpleenThe spleen, the largest lymph
Page 77 and 78: Q9Match each lymphatic organ or tis
Page 79 and 80: LymphaticDrainageLymph nodes, most
Page 81 and 82: Answer:QllLymphatics tend to parall
Page 83 and 84: Q14A general term for lymph nodes l
Page 85: Lymph Nodes of the ThoraxThe lymph
Page 88 and 89: Answer:Q18Lymph nodes of the thorax
Page 91 and 92: Q20Lymph nodes of the abdomen may a
Page 93: Lymph Nodes of Upper and Lower Extr
Page 96 and 97: Answer:Q22c 1. Popliteal Heela 2. A
Page 98 and 99: Hodgkin's disease. The histologic c
Page 100 and 101: Answer:Q23Benign tumors of lymphoid
Page 102 and 103: Extralymphatic/ExtranodalSitesLymph
Page 104 and 105: Answer:Q27Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas m
Page 106 and 107: TilE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMIonatod
Page 108 and 109: CIRCULATORY SYSTEMFigure 14D. BLOOD
Page 110 and 111: Answer:Q1The cardiovascular system
Page 112 and 113: The heart lies in a loose-fitting s
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Page 116 and 117: Answer:Q5The heart has four chamber
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Answer:QIODeoxygenated blood from t
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Portal System (portal circulation)V
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Answer:QllThe three kinds of blood
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116
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Answer:QlgThe three main types of b
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120
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Answer:Q18White blood cells which a
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DEVELOPMENTOF WHITE BLOOD CELLSStem
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Answer:Q20Malignant diseases of the
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Answer:Q25b 1. Leukemia An uncontro
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130
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132
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Answer:Q1The parts of the respirato
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136
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Answer:Q41. Serves as a passageway
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140
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Answer:Q7The pharynx can be divided
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The larynx can be divided into thre
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146
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Answer:Q10The three single cartilag
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150
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Answer:Q14The windpipe or trachea s
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The lungs provide a place where lar
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Answer:Q16The main bronchus, pulmon
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Clinical ManifestationsClinical man
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Answer:Q19The interpleural space ma
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Answer:Q24_g_ 1. Exchange of oxygen
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: Esophagus-RectumP
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The organs of the digestive system
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Answer:Q1The main organs of the dig
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• Lips. The lips form the upper a
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Answer:Q5The lip consists of an exp
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Malignant TumorsMalignant lesions a
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Answer:Q8The tongue is composed of
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• Gums (gingiva). The gums are fo
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Answer:Qllb__ 1. GumMucosal coverin
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182
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Answer:Q12The palate is the roof of
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186
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Answer:Q18The major salivary glands
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190
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Answer:Q21c 1. Gum Retropharyngeala
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Oropharynx. The air and food passag
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196
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Answer:Q23Another name for the hypo
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Answer:Q25a__ 1. HypopharynxServes
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Answer:Q28a. Tonsillar pillar - Oro
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Figure 31. MEASUREMENTS OF THE ESOP
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206
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Answer:Q30The esophagus extends fro
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The medial border of the stomach is
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Q33The stomach lies just below thei
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Answer:Q33The stomach lies just bel
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216
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Answer:Q38The small intestine is ab
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The large intestine receives the fl
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Malignantand Benign TumorsThe usual
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224
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Answer:Q41The large intestine is ab
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Answer:Q433. The ileocolic lymph no
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Metastatic tumors involving the liv
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Answer:Q45The most common primary t
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234
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Answer: 046The function of the gall
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238
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Answer:Q48.The pancreas plays an im
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Figure 39. PRINCIPAL PARTS OF THE U
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The microscopic structure of the re
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Answer:Q1The urinary system consist
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Figure 41. A NEPHRON_ Otomes_JLus_;
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250
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Answer:Q4The blood is circulated th
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254
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Answer:Q8The regional lymph node dr
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258
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Answer:Q12The tube which carries ur
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URINARY BLADDER, RENAL PELVIS AND U
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Malignant TumorsBladder cancer is t
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Answer:Q14The urinary bladder is a
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Q18Theis a membranous tube which co
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Answer:Q18The urethra is a membrano
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Figure 44.FEMALE PELVIS (frontal vi
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CORPUSUTERII I _ 'PRIMARY] ENDOMETR
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Answer:Q1The female reproductiveorg
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• Choriocarcinoma, a highly malig
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Answer:Q6For corpus uteri you might
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FallopiantubesThe fallopian tubes,
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Answer:Q7b 1. Uterus Pear-shaped mu
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Q8Name the three openings of the ut
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Answer: 08In naming the three openi
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Regional Lymph NodesThe regional ly
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6. Vaginal orifice f. Glands that s
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Answer:Q14The vagina is situated be
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296
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298
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Answer:Q19The breasts overlie the p
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A tumor specified as "subareolar" i
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Answer:Q22One of the first and most
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306
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ANSWERS TO REVIEW TESTd 1. Gonads i
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310
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Answer:Q25The male gonads consist o
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314
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Answer:Q27c 1. Epididymis Tube loca
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Figure 51. PROSTATE GLAND (frontal
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Answer:Q29b 1. Prostate Gland which
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RegionalLymph NodesThe regional lym
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324
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Answer:Q30Male hormones are produce
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Figure 53. ENDOCRINEGLANDS328
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• Prolactin (luteotrophic hormone
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Parathyroid GlandThere are four par
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Thymus GlandThe thymus gland is loc
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Q2Match the hormone on the left wit
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Answer:Q1d 1. Hormones Organic secr
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340
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Figure 58.AXIAL SKELETONSkuLl.342
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344
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Answer:Q1The skeletal system is com
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348
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Answer:Q4One characteristic which d
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352
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Answer:Q8The purpose of the sesamoi
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Structure of BoneEach long bone of
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Answer:QllThe numbered parts of the
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Facial bones. The facial bones are
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Figure 65. BONES OF THE THORAX Figu
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Q17Match the bones on the left with
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Figure 67. APPENDICULARSKELETON366
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Malignant TumorsBone is derived fro
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Q20Sites from which metastases to b
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Q22Match the description on the lef
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Answer:Q21c 1. Angiosarcoma A malig
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Figure 68.MUSCLE TYPES376
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Figure 69. HISTOLOGICAL COMPARISONS
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Answer:Q1The three types of muscle
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382
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Answer:Q61. True Malignant tumors o
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• Supinators turn the palm upward
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Answer:Q8The three general function
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Answer:Q11Match the muscle groups o
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392
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Figure 70.NERVE CELL (neuron)394
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Answer:Q1The central nervous system
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Figure 71.CEREBRUMCEREBRUMC_ere_etr
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400
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Figure 74 CRANIAL NERVES402
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MalignantTumorsGliomas are tumors o
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406
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Answer:Q6Match each term on the lef
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410
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412
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Answer:Q1The five major sensesof th
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416
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Answer:Q3The three layers which com
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420
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Answer:Q5The eyeball/s not a solid
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424
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Answer:Q8Name the lymph nodes which
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Figure 80. TONGUE: Areas of tasteUv
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Answer:QllReceptors for the sense o
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Malignant TumorsTumors of the nasal
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Answer:Q13The nasal fossa is divide
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Regional Lymph NodesThe lymphatics
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Answer:Q16b 1. External ear Made up
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440
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HISTOLOGIC TYPE PRIMARY SITELeukemi
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444
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DETERMINATION OF SUBSEQUENT PRIMARI
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470
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OTHER ICD-O-2 CODES TO BE CONSIDERE
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474
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SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY (cont'd)Paul,
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478
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Adenocarcinoma (continued)Primary s
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Arteries (see also Vessels) (contin
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Blood (see also Cardiovascular syst
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Bone tissue (osseous, vascular tiss
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Breast (mammary gland) (continued)H
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Cartilage (nonvascular tissue) (con
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Cerebrum (forebrain, telencephalon)
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Cortisol, 329, 333, 336, 338Cortiso
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Ducts (see also Endocrine system an
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Estradiol, 281Estrogen-producing ca
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Follicular adenocarcinoma, 331, 337
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Glycogen, 229Gonadotrophic hormone
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Histologic type of cancer, 439-441H
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Integumentary system (skin) (contin
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Kidney (see also Urinary system) (c
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Leukocyte (WBC),Agranular, 119B-Cel
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Luteal cell, 281Luteinizing hormone
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Lymph nodes (continued)Perivesical,
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Lymphoma (continued)Nasopharynx (ph
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Metastases (continued)Lymph node, 6
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Muscle (see also Muscular system) (
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Nervous system, Cranial (continued)
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Ovary (female gonad), 273, 281,285,
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Peripheral nervous system, 393, 396
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Prostate (continued)Urethra (prosta
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Salivary gland (see also Parotid, S
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Skull (diploe), 351, 354, 356, 359,
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Sulcus,Buccal, 178Nasolabial, 39Sup
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Tibia (shin bone), 351, 369Tumors o
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Tumor (see also specific histologic
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Urethra (female, male) (continued)L
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Vertebral cavity, 10Vertebral colum
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