Youth Employment Programs - Independent Evaluation Group

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Figure G.1 Facebook Demographics Based on Likes, July 1, 2012–March 26, 2012Likes by Gender and Age?Female 28%Male 72%0.44% 13% 7.3%3.9%1.7% 0.57% 0.50%13–17 18–24 25–34 35–44 45–54 55–64 65+0.98% 42% 17% 6.7%2.7%1.3% 1.2%Likes by Country?2,098 Pakistan1,451 Eygpt838 India586 Indonesia571 Philippines442 Afghanistan402 United StatesMoreLikes by City?726 Cairo, Al Qahirah, Egypt515 Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan503 Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan348 Kabul, Kabol, Afghanistan230 Alexandria, Al Iskandariyay, Egypt204 Dhaka, Bangladesh203 Islamabad, PakistanMoreLikes by Language?5,752 English (US)918 English (UK)827 Arabic476 Indonesian265 Spanish139 Portuguese (Brazil)107 French (France)MoreSource: Facebook Insights.Gender DifferencesQuestion: Do females entering the labor force in your country face more socialand labor market entry barriers than men?Summary of responses: A majority of respondents agreed that women facemore barriers entering the labor force than men.Government Policies to Generate Youth EmploymentQuestion: Is your government using any strategy to promote youthemployment? Is it working?Summary of responses: Responses varied but most said that there are noadequate government policies to address youth employment issues andprovide necessary training. For example, a user from Egypt commented:“The government does not offer such programs systematically. They keeptalking about development of education at the college level to meet marketneeds, but nothing is done.”166 Youth Employment Programs
Employment in Rural AreasQuestion: If more employment opportunities in rural areas were accessible toyoung people, would they migrate less to urban areas?This question was conducted on Facebook as a poll and received 180 responsesof which 140 said “Yes,” and 39 said “No.” (figure G.3).Barriers in Accessing CreditQuestion: In many countries, young people are excluded from the formalcredit market and cannot get credit from state banks. What has been yourexperience in requesting loans or opening a bank account? Did you face anychallenges because of your age or work history?This question was conducted on Facebook as a poll, with a series of openendedquestions. It was cross-posted on IEG’s Twitter account. As a pollquestion, “Do young people experience barriers in requesting loans oropening bank accounts in your country?” It generated 279 responses. Of allrespondents, 184 responded “Yes” to the question, 37 responded “No,” and 58responded, “I do not know” (figure G.4).Figure G.2Results for Skills and Training SurveyDo you think most youth lack the business skills and connections tobecome successful entrepreneurs? If yes, what do you think could bedone/is done to help the youth to cope with these issues? (Take a polland leave your opinion in the comment section to contribute to ourstudy).xYesNo••••••209 peopleAsked By285 Votes • 7 FollowersIndependent Evaluation Group (IEG)about a week ago • • Share • DeleteSource: IEG Facebook page.Ask Friends+1 FollowAppendix G: Social Media Outreach Goals, Methodology, and Results 167
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Youth EmploymentProgramsAn Evaluati
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The Bank’s Impact Evaluations on
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LACLICLILMBAMENANEETNGOOECDPADPCRPD
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IEG management and colleagues provi
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Youth Employment ChallengesIn gener
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implemented 12 of the 90 operations
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Kenya, entrepreneurship training fo
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• Help countries design intervent
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support to youth employment program
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tive rules on hiring and firing as
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Management Action RecordIEG Finding
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IEG Findings and ConclusionsIEG Rec
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IEG Findings and ConclusionsIEG Rec
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Report to the Board from the Commit
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could have focused more on the lack
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• Chapter Highlights• High yout
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and can afford to wait for a better
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ConsequencesEarly unemployment is s
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ReferencesBegg, David, Stanley Fisc
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Chapter 2What Are the World Bank an
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The strength and openness of the ec
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Interventions to Address Youth Empl
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commitments by the International Ba
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Figure 2.2Top 12 Youth Employment I
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• the substitution effect of bett
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Chapter 3What Is the Evidence that
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school dropouts early. Learning opp
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evaluations on what works best to p
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Agriculture, Health, Education, Soc
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Holzmann, Robert. 2007. MILES: Iden
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• Chapter Highlights• The Bank
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Argentina, Bulgaria, Colombia, and
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facilitated 69 foreign work contrac
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awarded vouchers to about 1,000 out
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• Comparing the interventions ana
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Hjort, Jonas, Michael Kremer, Isaac
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Chapter 5Recommendations
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farm self-employment and employment
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This appendix presents the factors
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Organization for Standardization (I
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Box A.3Youth as a Demographic Divid
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Table A.1Types of Youth Employment
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Notes1. This phenomenon could be le
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Appendix BEvaluation Data Sources a
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Identification and Analysis of the
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• Making the labor market work be
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Table B.3ApprovalFYList of Projects
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Table B.3ApprovalFYList of Projects
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Table B.4(I)nvestmentClimate(L)abor
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Table B.6List of Economic Sector Wo
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ment, Private Sector Development, a
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Other evaluations with outcome meas
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Table B.8CountryFranceKenyaMexicoPa
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Table B.8CountryUnitedStatesYouth E
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Table B.8CountryEuropeancountriesLa
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Bidani, Benu, Niels-Hugo Blunch, Ch
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Training Replication Sites.” Manp
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Appendix C provides additional info
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Box C.2Global Partnership for Youth
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ReferencesAedo, Cristian, and Ian W
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This appendix provides additional i
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The number of projects and total le
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Figure D.2World Bank Youth Employme
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Table D.5Intervention categoryYouth
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Table D.7Prevalence of Project Obje
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Table D.9Target Groups of Project O
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Table D.11Type of Interventions Sup
Page 152 and 153: Table D.13 Frequently Used Youth Em
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Page 162 and 163: entrepreneurship projects. Investme
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Page 168 and 169: Box E.2e4e Initiative for Arab Yout
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Page 174 and 175: Labor Market RegulationsLabor marke
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Page 178 and 179: In post-conflict zones with small f
Page 180 and 181: Public works programs in Bank proje
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Page 194 and 195: Note1. The Technical and Vocational
Page 196 and 197: Ibarraran, Pablo, and David Rosas.
Page 198 and 199: World Bank. 2012a. “World Bank an
Page 200 and 201: IEG’s Youth Employment Evaluation
Page 204 and 205: Figure G.3Results on Rural Employme
Page 207 and 208: BibliographyBarrera, Felipe, Paul G
Page 209 and 210: ———. 2011b. Migration and Rem
Page 211 and 212: The World Bank GroupWorking for a W
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Youth Employment Programs - Independent Evaluation Group

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