Seneca - College of Stoic Philosophers

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8 SENECASeneca and Helvia, was adopted by his father'sfriend, Junius GalUo the rhetorician, by whosename he became known. He entered early onan official career, passing through all the officialdignities till he became consul suffedus, afterwhich he became Proconsul of Achaia in the year52, where the accident of a riot, resulting in theappearance of Paul of Tarsus before his tribunal,immortalised a name which all the praises ofhis brother Seneca, who describes him as themost irresistibly charming man of his age, couldnot have rescued from oblivion.^ If we maytrust his brother's description, he was indeeda man made to be loved. 'No one man,' writesthe younger Seneca, with his usual rhetoricalexaggeration, ' is so agreeable to another as Gallicnemo enim mortaliumto all who know him '—'1 The identity of the Gallio of the Acts with GalHo the brotherof Seneca is made practically certain by an incidental referenceto his brother in Achaia in one of the philosopher's letters to'Lucilius : Illud mihi in ore erat domini met Gallionis, qui cumin Achaia febrem habere caepisset, protinus navem adscendit, clamitansnon corporis esse, sed loci morbum' {Ep. civ.). Achaia, whichcomprised all the Peloponnesus and the greater part of Hellasproper with the islands, had been an imperial province underTiberius and Caligula, but was transferred to the Senate byClaudius in a.d. 44 (Tac. Ann. i.76; Suet. Claudius, 25). Thedate of Gallio's proconsulship (52) has been ascertained by thediscovery of an inscription at Delphi containing four fragmentsof a letter of Claudius to the city. Pliny alludes to a voyagemade by Gallio for the sake of his health, which may be thesame as that spoken of by Seneca 'Praeterea est alius usus multiplex,principalis vera navigandi phthisi a^ectis, ut diximus, aut san-:guinem egerentibus : sicut proxime Anneum Gallionem fecisse postConsulatum meminimus' (Plin. N.H. xxxi. 6). Seneca had beenrecalled from exile in 49, and his brother Gallio must have beenconsul suffectus in 50 or 51. It was the custom of the emperorsat that time to nominate consuls for short periods, though theyear was named only after those first appointed.
MARCUS ANNAEUS SENECA 9uni tarn dulcis estquam hie omnibus.' ^ ' Hisand unstudied charm of manner wincourtesyevery heart, yet so modest is he that not onlydoes he shrink from the very approaches offlattery, but listens with equal reluctance to thepraises which his numerous excellences havereally deserved.' ^The youngest brother Mela, to whom the'second book of Controversies ' is exclusivelyaddressed, though described by his father asmentally the best endowed of the three, madean early resolution to content himself with hishereditary rank and, leaving the career of honoursto his two accomplished brothers, to devotehimself to a life of studious retirement. Hisfather, though he did not conceal his own preferencefor an active career, acquiesced withoutmuch difficulty in this decision, declaring thathe was ready, when his two elder sons had putout to sea, to keep the third in harbour. ThatMela was his favourite son, and that this lackof ambition was a disappointment to one soenamoured of traditionary ways as the elderSeneca, will seem probable to the reader of thededication addressed to him; nor would he havebeen greatly consoled had he been able to foreseethat this contempt for the ancient Statedignities would not prevent his son from accumulatinga large fortune as procurator of the imperialdemesne under the principate of Nero.1'Cf .Statius, Sylv. ii. 7 Hoc : plusmundo, Aut dulcem generasse Gallionem.'2Nat. Quaest. iv. Praef.quamSenecam dedisse
Page 7 and 8: SENECA
Page 10 and 11: SENECA.From the double bust of Sene
Page 12 and 13: ,^e.PRticava;lairis^^T\r\(pQ *
Page 14 and 15: viINTRODUCTORY NOTEin a critical pe
Page 16 and 17: FRONTISPIECESeneca.— From the dou
Page 18 and 19: 2 SENECAnon-existent rule of law be
Page 20 and 21: 4 SENECAinvention of the effective
Page 22 and 23: 6 SENECAsomething of the eloquence
Page 26 and 27: 10 SENECAThe Senecas appear to have
Page 28 and 29: 12 SENECAOriginal minds may not for
Page 30 and 31: 14 SENECAone another yet in each ca
Page 32 and 33: i6SENECAThe young enthusiast besieg
Page 34 and 35: i8SENECAbath all the year round, fo
Page 36 and 37: 20 SENECAin his use of words, but u
Page 38 and 39: 22 SENECAmagistracies to senatorial
Page 40 and 41: CHAPTER IIITHE PRINCIPATE OF CALIGU
Page 42 and 43: 26 SENECAin short sentences that fi
Page 44 and 45: 28 SENECAcomplexion bore witness to
Page 46 and 47: 30 SENECAcarefullyto observe whethe
Page 48 and 49: CHAPTER IVEXILE IN CORSICA, A.D. 4I
Page 50 and 51: 34 SENECAhad been accustomed to res
Page 52 and 53: 36 SENECAA capital sentence was fir
Page 54 and 55: 38 SENECAornaments to be laid at he
Page 56 and 57: 40 SENECAthat it was capable of giv
Page 58 and 59: 42 SENECACassius, it is true, or hi
Page 60 and 61: 44 SENECAcoincidence may, of course
Page 62 and 63: CHAPTER VRETURN FROM EXILE— LAST
Page 64 and 65: 48 SENECAThe crisis over, the next
Page 66 and 67: 50 SENECAa decree of the Senate, th
Page 68 and 69: 52, SENECANero was twelve years old
Page 70 and 71: 54 SENECAand were believed to be de
Page 72 and 73: 56 SENECABritannicus with his siste
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58 SENECAwere the subjects of conte
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6oSENECAlaid aside/ Nero made his e
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62 SENECAyoke. He began by heaping
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64 SENECABut he had to choose betwe
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66 SENECAhe put into the prince's m
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68 SENECAothers, have moved me to p
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70 SENECAHer subsequent submission
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72 SENECACampus Martius— all prep
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74 SENECApromisedall she asked. Sil
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76 SENECAinstitutions had been mode
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78 SENECAmost powerful statesman wa
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8oof heaven lestSENECAthe balance o
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82 SENECAconcealed art into the tex
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84 SENECAinformer under Claudius, a
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CHAPTER VIIIthe tragedy of baiae. i
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88 SENECAto be taken into account.
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90 SENECAwhere Acerronia either att
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92 SENECAhe proceeded to an indictm
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94 SENECAhimself was of no service
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96 SENECAtheir emperor personally c
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CHAPTER IXDECLINE OF SENECA's INFLU
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100 SENECAIn Rome the event of the
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102 SENECAof affection and gratitud
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104 SENECAinfluence for good. It is
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10 6 SENFXAshould be content to gai
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io8the exulting tyrant.Senate made
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noSENECAdelighted at the news and o
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112 SENECAindications of the divine
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114 SENECAby a wall, with towers er
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ii6SENECAplant an old plantation. T
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Ii8SENECAis adopted but by a few we
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120 SENECAFriendship [he writes to
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122 SENECAachieved by constantly ke
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' *124 SENECAhe must disdain all th
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126 SENECAwith others of his friend
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128 SENECAextraordinary distinctnes
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130 SENECAtreats his subject in a s
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132 SENECAproceed to the solution o
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134 SENECAtude whatever fate might
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CHAPTER XILETTER TO LUCILIUS ON AET
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138 SENECAfor they are public prope
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140 SENECAwere less audible than th
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142 SENECAThe following extracts wi
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144 SENECAgave me to all men ;but s
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146 SENECAthe duty he owed to human
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148 SENECAthough they have not aske
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CHAPTER XIITHE CONSPIRACY OF PISO A
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152 SENECAseemed to regard, in Taci
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154 SENECAdisregarded, made a last
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156 SENECAthis important recruit, a
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158 SENECAScevinus, being separatel
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i6oSENECAbeforehand, and even if th
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i62SENECAhad conspired to avenge. B
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CHAPTER XIIITHE PHILOSOPHY OF SENEC
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,poweri66SENECAmay— have power ov
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i68SENECAable to our eyes or ears.
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170 SENECAwill you feel no venerati
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172 SENECAat the back of them, beca
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174 SENECAhad the contempt of a man
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176 SENECA'says, a pipe for Fortune
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178 SENECAcan, as a general, if not
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i8oSENECAon conventional lines, was
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i82SENECAthe tragedian were actuall
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i84SENECAMedes, Indians, and tribes
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i86SENECAprobability by way of Flor
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CAIUS MAECENASThe battle of Actium
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CAIUS MAECENAS191restoration of the
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CAIUS MAECENAS 193pessimism. He exp
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CAIUS MAECENAS195Heindolence and so
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CAIUS MAECENAS197his fame, and here
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CAIUS MAECENAS199He was not offende
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CAIUS MAECENAS 201which he parodies
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CAIUS MAECENAS 203smaller or larger
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and endeavoured toCAIUS MAECENAS 20
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iiHM
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