Report of the Second Workshop on The Biology and Conservation of ...

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Status and Incidence Of Irrawaddy By-Catch in Malampaya Sounddel Valle, Lemmuel G.; Aquino, Terry R.WWF-Philippiines, 3 WESCOM Road, Puerto Princesa City 5300, Palawan, PhilippinesBased on primary and secondary data, a total <strong>of</strong> nine confirmed and unconfirmed reports <strong>of</strong>Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) mortalities were recorded to have occurred in 2000and 2001. Of <strong>the</strong> seven mortalities that supposedly occurred in 2001, <strong>the</strong> team was able toidentify four cases that appeared to be distinctive <strong>of</strong> each o<strong>the</strong>r. The cause <strong>of</strong> death in three out<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se four distinct mortalities was determined to be drowning due to matang quatro (gillnet)entanglement. Although <strong>the</strong> rate <strong>of</strong> matang quatro-related dolphin mortality appeared to be high,it was concluded that <strong>the</strong> threat <strong>of</strong> dolphin by-catch was not limited to this specific fishing gearand that fur<strong>the</strong>r conservation activities should also look at <strong>the</strong> threat posed by o<strong>the</strong>r fishing geartypes, especially o<strong>the</strong>r forms <strong>of</strong> gillnets, used in <strong>the</strong> Sound.Given that <strong>the</strong> estimated size <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> dolphin population in Malampaya Sound is only 60 individuals,<strong>the</strong> 2001 mortalities are more than <strong>the</strong> population can afford. Considering this and <strong>the</strong> fact that<strong>the</strong> Malampaya habitat faces o<strong>the</strong>r threats in various forms, it is strongly recommended that <strong>the</strong>Malampaya population be listed as critically endangered under <strong>the</strong> IUCN red data, its existencebe recognized by BFAR through <strong>the</strong> immediate amendment <strong>of</strong> FAO 208 and that <strong>the</strong> Philippinegovernment take an active role in its conservation. As <strong>of</strong> writing, WWF Philippines has alreadyproposed <strong>the</strong> creation <strong>of</strong> an Irrawaddy task force in <strong>the</strong> Municipality <strong>of</strong> Taytay which has legaljurisdiction over Malampaya Sound. O<strong>the</strong>r community-based conservation-linked activities have,likewise, been initiated in <strong>the</strong> area. These, however, are small steps towards <strong>the</strong> long journey <strong>of</strong>conserving <strong>the</strong> Irrawaddy population in <strong>the</strong> Sound.<strong>Second</strong> <strong>Workshop</strong> on <strong>the</strong> Biology and Conservation <strong>of</strong> Small Cetaceans and Dugongs <strong>of</strong> SE Asia 137
Cetacean Habitats in <strong>the</strong> Eastern Sulu Sea and Tañon StraitDolar, Ma. Louella L. 1 ; Perrin, William, F. 2(1) Tropical Marine Research, 6363 Lakewood St., San Diego, CA 92122, USA; e-mail dolarperri@aol.com(2) Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr., La Jolla, CA 92037, USAThis paper examines <strong>the</strong> cetacean fauna <strong>of</strong> two contiguous habitats, <strong>the</strong> eastern Sulu Sea andTañon Strait. Species composition, associations and abundances are compared as well as <strong>the</strong>distributional patterns <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most common species. The environmental parameters tested werewater depth, water temperature and sea state. Abundances were estimated using <strong>the</strong> line transectmethod and <strong>the</strong> program DISTANCE. Data on environmental parameters were organized usingArcView GIS, and correlation between <strong>the</strong> environmental parameters and sighting rates wasanalyzed using multiple regression. The eastern Sulu Sea has twice as many cetacean species asTañon Strait. The spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris, was <strong>the</strong> most abundant species in bothhabitats. However, <strong>the</strong> densities and abundance ranks <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r species varied, with generallyhigher densities in <strong>the</strong> Sulu Sea than in Tañon Strait, with <strong>the</strong> exception <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> dwarf spermwhale, Kogia sima, whose density was 15 times higher in Tañon Strait than in <strong>the</strong> eastern SuluSea. Fraser’s dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei, <strong>the</strong> third most abundant species in <strong>the</strong> eastern SuluSea was not sighted in Tañon Strait. Significant correlation was found between sighting rates andone or more environmental factors except for <strong>the</strong> spinner dolphin. The question <strong>of</strong> movementbetween <strong>the</strong>se two habitats is addressed using <strong>the</strong> short-finned pilot whale, Globicephalamacrorhynchus, as an example.138 CMS Technical Series Publication Nº 9 - 2005
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CMS Technical Series Publication N
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Published by the U
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TABLE OF CONTENTSpage1. Preliminari
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AppendicesAppendix 1 - List <strong
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8 CMS Technical Series Publication
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10 CMS Technical Series Publication
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The cetacean species reviewed inclu
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Table 1. Major commercial Commonwea
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(2) State Legislation.In state wate
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(2) Identification of</stro
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Coastal speciesThe most frequently
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Coastal speciesThere are currently
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and Guangxi Provinces (Yang et al.
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Table 3. Records of</strong
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can be viewed as the</stron
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Workshop participa
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ioaccumulation have not yet been ex
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of fishermen who h
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are supplied to scholars and organi
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threats. Many marine mammal populat
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waters or recognize important inter
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James Cook University (Queensland,
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the last ten years
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proactive in engaging more staff an
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of SE Asia. Two sp
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San Francisco (Negros Oriental); Li
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Legal status and present management
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within 15 kilometers from t
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US, has actively participated in ce
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the project was su
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Recently, the camp
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Mekong River downstream of<
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porpoises in tropical waters <stron
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species in the Ind
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Population/stock structureNo new in
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Needs for additional researchStock
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waters of SE Asia,
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caused mortality is certainly large
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Needs for additional researchProper
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from SE Asia, it is known to occur
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3.1.7 AustraliaDugongs occur all al
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Page 89 and 90: 3) Monitoring and assessment <stron
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Page 93 and 94: The group agreed that this set <str
Page 95 and 96: 6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSThe works
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Page 99 and 100: Bank, E. 1931. A popular account <s
Page 101 and 102: Dalebout, M. L., J. G. Mead, C. Sco
Page 103 and 104: Jaaman, S. A., E. Tangon, I. Isnain
Page 105 and 106: Lin, Y.-J. 1997. Mitochondrial DNA
Page 107 and 108: Smith, B.D., T. A. Jefferson, D. Ho
Page 109 and 110: Yang, W.-C. 2000. Morbillivirus inf
Page 111 and 112: CHOU Lien-SiangDepartment o
Page 113 and 114: Brian D. SMITHWildlife Conservation
Page 115 and 116: APPENDIX 3Agenda1. Preliminaries2.
Page 117 and 118: Doc. 22 Dugong conservation activit
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Page 129 and 130: f) recognizing that by-catch in fis
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Page 133 and 134: APPENDIX 9Abstracts of</str
Page 135 and 136: The (IUCN Critically Endangered) Du
Page 137: Status of
Page 141 and 142: Conservation of <s
Page 143 and 144: Summary of Current
Page 145 and 146: Indonesia’s Cetacean Migration Co
Page 147 and 148: Conservation Effort to Protect <str
Page 149 and 150: The Status of <str
Page 151 and 152: Can the Developing
Page 153 and 154: Status and Conservation of<
Page 155 and 156: Legal Hunting of C
Page 157 and 158: Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (T
Page 159 and 160: Feasibility Study of</stron
Page 161 and 162: Songs of a Humpbac
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