Report of the Second Workshop on The Biology and Conservation of ...

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1 AFMA (2002),2 DPI (2002),3 DBIRD (2002),4 DFWA (2002)LocationExtends from <strong>the</strong> low water mark to <strong>the</strong> outeredge <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> AFZ, in <strong>the</strong> area between Cape Yorkin QLD and Cape Londonderry in WA.Extends from Cape York <strong>of</strong>f QLD to 34°S <strong>of</strong>f <strong>the</strong>west coast <strong>of</strong> Western Australia, seaward <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>200m isobath.Extends from <strong>the</strong> low water mark up to 25nautical miles <strong>of</strong>fshore or more, in <strong>the</strong> areabetween Bamaga Cape York and <strong>the</strong> Nor<strong>the</strong>rnTerritory border.Nor<strong>the</strong>rn Territory CoastNor<strong>the</strong>rn Territory CoastNor<strong>the</strong>rn Territory CoastNor<strong>the</strong>rn Territory CoastNor<strong>the</strong>rn Territory CoastExtends from <strong>the</strong> 200 misobath to <strong>the</strong> edge <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>AFZ, in <strong>the</strong> area between North West Cape to127°E <strong>of</strong>f <strong>the</strong> north coast <strong>of</strong> WAExtends from North West Cape to NT border.Waters below <strong>the</strong> high water mark includingExmouth Gulf, Onslow, Nickol Bay, Broome,and KimberleyExtends from <strong>the</strong> low water mark to <strong>the</strong> outeredge <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> AFZ, in <strong>the</strong> area <strong>of</strong>f <strong>the</strong> north coast<strong>of</strong> WA east <strong>of</strong> longitude 120°ENo. Fishing Licenses86 licences / 115 boats52 Longline, 5 purse seine,67 minor line, 21 pole linelicences / 79 boats5 boats (for waters between7–25nm)90 boats (for waters between9–7nm)?????11 licences / 11 boats13 boats13 boats Exmouth31 boats Onslow14 boats Nickol Bay5 boats Broome134 boats Kimberley11 licences / 7 boatsMain Fishing MethodOtter TrawlPelagic longline; purse seine;and minor line (hand line, rodand reel, troll, and polling).Gill netGill net, longlineLines and trapsLinesDemersal fish trawlGill netDemersal fish trawlGillnet, longline, droplineOtter TrawlMainly fish traps, and to a lesserextent handline or droplineExtends from <strong>the</strong> 30m isobath to 200m isobath, in<strong>the</strong> area lying approximately between latitude21°S and longitude 120°E11 licences / 7 trawlers,5 trap boatsMainly Trawling, and to a lesserextent line and trapsExtends from <strong>the</strong> low water mark to 3 nm <strong>of</strong>f <strong>the</strong>coast, in <strong>the</strong> area between <strong>the</strong> WA/Nt borderand Eight Mile Beach, south <strong>of</strong> Broome (19°S)7 licencesGillnetExtends from Geraldton in WA, north to <strong>the</strong> NTborder82 boatsTrolling<strong>Second</strong> <strong>Workshop</strong> on <strong>the</strong> Biology and Conservation <strong>of</strong> Small Cetaceans and Dugongs <strong>of</strong> SE Asia 15
(2) State Legislation.In state waters <strong>of</strong> Western Australia marinemammals are protected under <strong>the</strong> WildlifeConservation Act 1950. Interactions betweenhumans and marine mammals in state waters thatmay injure, disturb, molest or o<strong>the</strong>rwise interferewith, or result in <strong>the</strong> taking <strong>of</strong> marine mammalsare regulated by <strong>the</strong> Wildlife Conservation (CloseSeason for Marine Mammals) Notice 1998 issuedunder <strong>the</strong> Wildlife Conservation Act 1950. In<strong>the</strong> Nor<strong>the</strong>rn Territory, marine mammals areprotected under <strong>the</strong> Nor<strong>the</strong>rn Territory Parks andWildlife Conservation Act 2000. In Queensland<strong>the</strong> Nature Conservation Act 1992 protects allmarine mammals in Queensland waters.(3) International Agreements.Australia is party to international conventionsrelating to <strong>the</strong> conservation <strong>of</strong> marine mammalsincluding: International Convention for <strong>the</strong>Regulation <strong>of</strong> Whaling, 1946; World HeritageConvention 1972; Convention on InternationalTrade in Endangered Species <strong>of</strong> Wild Fauna andFlora, 1973; Convention on <strong>the</strong> Conservation <strong>of</strong>Migratory Species <strong>of</strong> Wild Animals, 1979; <strong>the</strong>Convention on <strong>the</strong> Conservation <strong>of</strong> AntarcticMarine Living Resources, 1980<strong>the</strong> United NationsConvention on <strong>the</strong> Law <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sea, 1982; and <strong>the</strong>Convention on Biological Diversity, 1992.(4) Fisheries Legislation.In 2000 <strong>the</strong> Australian Government launched <strong>the</strong>Commonwealth Policy on Fisheries By-catch. Thedevelopment <strong>of</strong> this by-catch policy demonstratesa commitment to ensure that fisheries areecologically sustainable through by-catchreduction, improved protection for threatenedspecies, and minimizing adverse impacts <strong>of</strong> fishingon <strong>the</strong> marine environment.Under <strong>the</strong> Policy on Fisheries By-catch, national(Commonwealth)-managed fisheries are requiredto have By-catch Action Plans in place. The actionsidentified in <strong>the</strong> action plans have legal authorityby being included in permit conditions or making<strong>the</strong>m part <strong>of</strong> a statutory fishing right under <strong>the</strong>Fisheries Management Act 1991. To date ten bycatchaction plans have been completed. However,<strong>the</strong> provisions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fisheries Management Act1991 do not apply to fisheries managed by <strong>the</strong>relevant states/territory.In addition to <strong>the</strong> By-catch Action Plans, allAustralian fisheries with an export componentmust be assessed for <strong>the</strong>ir sustainability accordingto prescribed Guidelines for Assessing <strong>the</strong>Sustainability <strong>of</strong> Fisheries (www.ea.gov.au/coasts/fisheries/assessment/guidelines.html). During <strong>the</strong>assessment phase fisheries are to be assessed toensure that <strong>the</strong> fishery is conducted in a mannerthat ensures that populations <strong>of</strong> by-caught speciesor protected species are maintained. Managementresponses are specified during <strong>the</strong> assessmentphase, including that measures are in place to avoidcapture and mortality <strong>of</strong> by-catch species. Thereare also requirements for by-catch action plansunder state/territory laws, seasonal closures,gear restrictions and fisher education regardingendangered species.(5) Regional Marine Planning.Under Australia’s Oceans Policy (<strong>the</strong> first policy<strong>of</strong> its kind in <strong>the</strong> world) areas <strong>of</strong> Australia areundergoing regional marine planning, whichis <strong>the</strong> primary mechanism for implementingan integrated ecosystem-based approach tomanagement. Regional Marine Plans integrateacross economic, environmental and socialand cultural objectives. The Plans providea focus for coordination between existing anddeveloping ocean uses and <strong>the</strong> range <strong>of</strong> sectoraland administrative agencies with responsibilitiesfor marine systems. The first plan, conductedin <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>astern Australia, commenced inApril 2000. The second area for Regional MarinePlanning has been identified, <strong>the</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>rn area16 CMS Technical Series Publication Nº 9 - 2005
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Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTSpage1. Preliminari
Page 7 and 8: AppendicesAppendix 1 - List <strong
Page 9 and 10: 8 CMS Technical Series Publication
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Page 13 and 14: The cetacean species reviewed inclu
Page 15: Table 1. Major commercial Commonwea
Page 19 and 20: (2) Identification of</stro
Page 21 and 22: Coastal speciesThe most frequently
Page 23 and 24: Coastal speciesThere are currently
Page 25 and 26: and Guangxi Provinces (Yang et al.
Page 27 and 28: Table 3. Records of</strong
Page 29 and 30: can be viewed as the</stron
Page 31 and 32: Workshop participa
Page 33 and 34: ioaccumulation have not yet been ex
Page 35 and 36: of fishermen who h
Page 37 and 38: are supplied to scholars and organi
Page 39 and 40: threats. Many marine mammal populat
Page 42: waters or recognize important inter
Page 47 and 48: James Cook University (Queensland,
Page 49 and 50: the last ten years
Page 51 and 52: proactive in engaging more staff an
Page 53 and 54: of SE Asia. Two sp
Page 55 and 56: San Francisco (Negros Oriental); Li
Page 57 and 58: Legal status and present management
Page 59 and 60: within 15 kilometers from t
Page 61 and 62: US, has actively participated in ce
Page 63 and 64: the project was su
Page 65 and 66: Recently, the camp
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Mekong River downstream of<
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porpoises in tropical waters <stron
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species in the Ind
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Population/stock structureNo new in
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Needs for additional researchStock
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waters of SE Asia,
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caused mortality is certainly large
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Needs for additional researchProper
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from SE Asia, it is known to occur
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3.1.7 AustraliaDugongs occur all al
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Table 8. Conservation objectives id
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3) Monitoring and assessment <stron
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Table 10. Outline of</stron
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The group agreed that this set <str
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6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSThe works
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96 CMS Technical Series Publication
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Bank, E. 1931. A popular account <s
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Dalebout, M. L., J. G. Mead, C. Sco
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Jaaman, S. A., E. Tangon, I. Isnain
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Lin, Y.-J. 1997. Mitochondrial DNA
Page 107 and 108:
Smith, B.D., T. A. Jefferson, D. Ho
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Yang, W.-C. 2000. Morbillivirus inf
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CHOU Lien-SiangDepartment o
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Brian D. SMITHWildlife Conservation
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APPENDIX 3Agenda1. Preliminaries2.
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Doc. 22 Dugong conservation activit
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AreaDatesSurveyTypeEffortSpeciesNo.
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Phase ofActionPlan
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[Small cetaceans are defined to inc
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f) recognizing that by-catch in fis
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130 CMS Technical Series Publicatio
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APPENDIX 9Abstracts of</str
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The (IUCN Critically Endangered) Du
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Status of
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Cetacean Habitats in the</s
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Conservation of <s
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Summary of Current
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Indonesia’s Cetacean Migration Co
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Conservation Effort to Protect <str
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The Status of <str
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Can the Developing
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Status and Conservation of<
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Legal Hunting of C
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Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (T
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Feasibility Study of</stron
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Songs of a Humpbac
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