Report of the Second Workshop on The Biology and Conservation of ...

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Table 9. Strategies identified by workshop participants as having <strong>the</strong>potential to reduce dugong by-catch, ranked by relative potential foreach country.StrategyDevelop community-based education andmanagement programs in fishing communitiesCountry rankings(1=most important)(1) Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines; (2)Australia, China, Thailand, Vietnam; (4) CambodiaIdentify key dugong habitats and negotiate closure toby-catch fisheries (i.e., fisheries in which dugongby-catch is known or suspected to occur)Improve enforcement <strong>of</strong> regulationsMonitor by-catchDevelop stricter regulationsModify gear (e.g., replace gillnets with fish corrals ortrap nets)Sponsor alternative livelihoods for fishermen involvedin by-catch fisheries(1) Australia, Thailand, Vietnam; (2) Cambodia;(3) China, Malaysia; (4) Indonesia.(1) China; (2) Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines;(3) Australia, Cambodia, Thailand.(2) Japan; (4) Malaysia, Thailand(1) Cambodia(3) Indonesia, Japan, Philippines(3) VietnamReduce effort in by-catch fisheriesIntroduce and enforce rules that require attendance atnetsBuy out gear known to be destructive <strong>of</strong> dugongs(e.g., pushnets)Introduce incentives to change to less damaging gearEmphasize conservation value <strong>of</strong> seagrass habitatsthreats posed by by-catch is so low on <strong>the</strong> part <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> public, fishery and community stakeholders,and decision makers that immediate initiation <strong>of</strong>full assessment and mitigation efforts is unlikelyto be supported or funded. Education effortswould be coupled in this phase with preliminarysurveys <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> scope <strong>of</strong> by-catch in regionalfisheries. Recognizing that some nations in <strong>the</strong>region are far<strong>the</strong>r along in <strong>the</strong>ir efforts to addressby-catch, e.g., <strong>the</strong> Philippines, it was stressed thatany regional action plan should not be viewed assupplanting or substituting for existing nationalefforts and plans, but ra<strong>the</strong>r as augmenting andcomplementing <strong>the</strong>m.A draft outline <strong>of</strong> items for inclusion in <strong>the</strong> firstphase <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> plan (Doc. 30) was amended andagreed (Table 10).<strong>Second</strong> <strong>Workshop</strong> on <strong>the</strong> Biology and Conservation <strong>of</strong> Small Cetaceans and Dugongs <strong>of</strong> SE Asia 89
Table 10. Outline <strong>of</strong> draft regional action plan on by-catch <strong>of</strong> small cetaceansand dugongs in SE Asia - Phase 1: Raising awareness.I. BackgroundII. ObjectivesIII. Proposed actions (not necessarily in this order)A. Identify fisheries with small cetacean by-catch.1. For each nation, identify coordinating national institution.2 Identify national coordinator and academic/NGO collaborators.3. Develop catalog <strong>of</strong> fisheries for each nation (using GIS?)4. Identify regional coordinating institution and coordinator.5. Exchange information on fisheries with by-catch, and compile regional catalog <strong>of</strong> fisheriesaffecting shared cetacean populations.B. In regional consultation, prioritize fisheries to identify those with likely greatest impacts.C. Conduct regional training courses on:1. Methods for collecting by-catch data (field people)2. Methods for assessing impacts <strong>of</strong> by-catches (analysts)3. Development <strong>of</strong> standardized data forms.D. Develop pooled regional databases.E. Develop draft regional action plan for assessment and mitigation <strong>of</strong> by-catch.F. Establish regional email discussion group/listG. Educate public and stakeholders.1. Establish information center for fishermen and o<strong>the</strong>r stakeholders (interactive website)2. Develop community-based education programs in fishing communities.3. Produce popular articles/films4. Develop information packages for decision makers (legislators, administrators, executives)H. Work toward wider regional membership in CMS.IV. List <strong>of</strong> specific projects/fisheries (based on present information and proposals).V. ReferencesAppendix - List <strong>of</strong> speciesAppendix - List <strong>of</strong> potential range states and states with adjacent watersTime did not permit full development <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> draftaction plan. A start was made toward casting<strong>the</strong> agreed action items for Phase 1 in <strong>the</strong> CMSaction-plan format (Appendix 6). It was agreedthat <strong>the</strong> group would continue work on “timeline”and “responsibility” elements <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> plan, aswell as Phase 2, by correspondence, should <strong>the</strong>CMS Scientific Council decide that this would bedesirable.90 CMS Technical Series Publication Nº 9 - 2005
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TABLE OF CONTENTSpage1. Preliminari
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AppendicesAppendix 1 - List <strong
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8 CMS Technical Series Publication
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The cetacean species reviewed inclu
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Table 1. Major commercial Commonwea
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(2) State Legislation.In state wate
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(2) Identification of</stro
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Coastal speciesThe most frequently
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Coastal speciesThere are currently
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and Guangxi Provinces (Yang et al.
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Table 3. Records of</strong
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can be viewed as the</stron
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Workshop participa
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ioaccumulation have not yet been ex
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of fishermen who h
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are supplied to scholars and organi
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Page 53 and 54: of SE Asia. Two sp
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Page 95 and 96: 6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSThe works
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Page 99 and 100: Bank, E. 1931. A popular account <s
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Page 105 and 106: Lin, Y.-J. 1997. Mitochondrial DNA
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Conservation of <s
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Summary of Current
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Indonesia’s Cetacean Migration Co
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Conservation Effort to Protect <str
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The Status of <str
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Can the Developing
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Status and Conservation of<
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Legal Hunting of C
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Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (T
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Feasibility Study of</stron
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Songs of a Humpbac
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