Report of the Second Workshop on The Biology and Conservation of ...

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Update on <strong>the</strong> Marine Mammals in <strong>the</strong> Waters <strong>of</strong> Taiwan: 1995-2002Wang, John Y. 1 ; Yang, Shih-Chu 2(1) FormosaCetus Research & Conservation Group, 310-7250 Yonge St.,Thornhill, Ontario, Canada, L4J-7X1(2) FormosaCetus Research & Conservation Group, 5F-5, #78, Chung-Mei 13 Street,Hualien, Hualien County, TaiwanSince 1995, <strong>the</strong>re have been many developments in cetacean research and ecotourism. Shipbasedsurveys <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> waters <strong>of</strong> eastern and sou<strong>the</strong>rn Taiwan have been conducted, a strandingnetwork was established and more information on direct and indirect catches <strong>of</strong> cetaceans byfisheries has accumulated. A long-term study on an exploited coastal species (Indo-Pacificbottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus) was launched recently to begin understanding its biologyin more detail. Updates on developments in many aspects <strong>of</strong> marine mammal biology andconservation in Taiwan, will be provided (following <strong>the</strong> format <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> report <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 1995 workshopon <strong>the</strong> biology and conservation <strong>of</strong> small cetaceans and dugongs <strong>of</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>ast Asia). In addition,<strong>the</strong> state <strong>of</strong> fisheries interactions and estimates <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> cetacean mortality due to fisherieswill be presented. Finally, <strong>the</strong> present state, future plans and needs <strong>of</strong> research and conservationin Taiwan will be discussed and a bibliography <strong>of</strong> recent studies on cetaceans found in <strong>the</strong> waters<strong>of</strong> Taiwan is included.<strong>Second</strong> <strong>Workshop</strong> on <strong>the</strong> Biology and Conservation <strong>of</strong> Small Cetaceans and Dugongs <strong>of</strong> SE Asia 157
Feasibility Study <strong>of</strong> Acoustical Dolphin DeterrenceWei, Ruey-Chang; Lai, Chang-HungInstitute <strong>of</strong> Undersea Technology National Sun Yat-sen Universitye-mail: m8955601@student.nsysu.edu.twThe conservation <strong>of</strong> cetaceans in Pescadores was originated in 1990. However, <strong>the</strong> conflictbetween <strong>the</strong> fishery loss and cetacean protection keeps growing. The fishery loss caused bycetaceans are mainly: “steal fish” and ”frighten fish group”, and <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs like ”damage fishinggear” and ”interfere fishing operation”, and etc. By <strong>the</strong> understanding <strong>of</strong> dolphins behavior, thisstudy proposed acoustical deterrent methods: 1. Harassment – look for echolocation systemfrequency range, and broadcast disarrange signals to produce an illusion, and prevent dolphinsfrom locating <strong>the</strong> target. 2. Threat – broadcast sounds <strong>of</strong> its predators which is killer whales toscare dolphins from approaching <strong>the</strong> fishing vessels. 3. Warning – loud noise or alert sounds <strong>of</strong>dolphins. The circuits <strong>of</strong> generating above sounds are designed, test and modified after <strong>the</strong> fieldtest . We broadcast some sounds like 10 kHz signals, 20 kHz signals, killer whales sound and stresscall <strong>of</strong> dolphins to captive dolphins. The test results showed <strong>the</strong>se dolphins avoided <strong>the</strong> soundsource, especially during killer whales sound and stress call <strong>of</strong> dolphins. They were effective tothreatening dolphins to reduce stealing fish. More effective pingers should be developed throughthis study to reduce <strong>the</strong> loss <strong>of</strong> fisherman, and achieve <strong>the</strong> cetacean conservation goal.158 CMS Technical Series Publication Nº 9 - 2005
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CMS Technical Series Publication N
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Published by the U
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TABLE OF CONTENTSpage1. Preliminari
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AppendicesAppendix 1 - List <strong
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8 CMS Technical Series Publication
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The cetacean species reviewed inclu
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Table 1. Major commercial Commonwea
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(2) State Legislation.In state wate
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(2) Identification of</stro
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Coastal speciesThe most frequently
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Coastal speciesThere are currently
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and Guangxi Provinces (Yang et al.
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Table 3. Records of</strong
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can be viewed as the</stron
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Workshop participa
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ioaccumulation have not yet been ex
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of fishermen who h
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are supplied to scholars and organi
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threats. Many marine mammal populat
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waters or recognize important inter
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James Cook University (Queensland,
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the last ten years
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proactive in engaging more staff an
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of SE Asia. Two sp
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San Francisco (Negros Oriental); Li
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Legal status and present management
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within 15 kilometers from t
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US, has actively participated in ce
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the project was su
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Recently, the camp
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Mekong River downstream of<
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porpoises in tropical waters <stron
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species in the Ind
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Population/stock structureNo new in
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Needs for additional researchStock
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waters of SE Asia,
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caused mortality is certainly large
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Needs for additional researchProper
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from SE Asia, it is known to occur
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3.1.7 AustraliaDugongs occur all al
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Table 8. Conservation objectives id
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3) Monitoring and assessment <stron
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Table 10. Outline of</stron
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The group agreed that this set <str
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6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSThe works
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Bank, E. 1931. A popular account <s
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Dalebout, M. L., J. G. Mead, C. Sco
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Jaaman, S. A., E. Tangon, I. Isnain
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Lin, Y.-J. 1997. Mitochondrial DNA
Page 107 and 108: Smith, B.D., T. A. Jefferson, D. Ho
Page 109 and 110: Yang, W.-C. 2000. Morbillivirus inf
Page 111 and 112: CHOU Lien-SiangDepartment o
Page 113 and 114: Brian D. SMITHWildlife Conservation
Page 115 and 116: APPENDIX 3Agenda1. Preliminaries2.
Page 117 and 118: Doc. 22 Dugong conservation activit
Page 119 and 120: AreaDatesSurveyTypeEffortSpeciesNo.
Page 125 and 126: Phase ofActionPlan
Page 127 and 128: [Small cetaceans are defined to inc
Page 129 and 130: f) recognizing that by-catch in fis
Page 131 and 132: 130 CMS Technical Series Publicatio
Page 133 and 134: APPENDIX 9Abstracts of</str
Page 135 and 136: The (IUCN Critically Endangered) Du
Page 137 and 138: Status of
Page 139 and 140: Cetacean Habitats in the</s
Page 141 and 142: Conservation of <s
Page 143 and 144: Summary of Current
Page 145 and 146: Indonesia’s Cetacean Migration Co
Page 147 and 148: Conservation Effort to Protect <str
Page 149 and 150: The Status of <str
Page 151 and 152: Can the Developing
Page 153 and 154: Status and Conservation of<
Page 155 and 156: Legal Hunting of C
Page 157: Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (T
Page 161 and 162: Songs of a Humpbac
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