Report of the Second Workshop on The Biology and Conservation of ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Cetacean Rehabilitation in TaiwanYang, Wei-Cheng 1 ; Chou, Lien-Shiang 1,2(1) Taiwan Cetacean Society; e-mail: jack0912@msn.com(2) Department <strong>of</strong> Zoology, National Taiwan UniversityRehabilitation <strong>of</strong> cetaceans has improved much in this decade in Taiwan. Some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>improvements have been due to advancements in technology and o<strong>the</strong>rs to differences in <strong>the</strong>approach to caring for <strong>the</strong>se animals. Since establishment <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Taiwan Cetacean StrandingNetwork (TCSN) in 1996, <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> cetaceans admitted for rehabilitation has increased. By2001, twenty-three stranded cetaceans have been rehabilitated including five rough-too<strong>the</strong>ddolphins (Steno bredanensis), five pygmy sperm whales (Kogia breviceps), three dwarf spermwhales (Kogia simus), four Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus), three pantropical spotteddolphins (Stenella attenuata), one spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris), one bottlenose dolphin(Tursiops truncatus), and one melon-headed whale (Peponocephala electra). The most commonproblems seen are respiratory problems. O<strong>the</strong>r common problems include GI tract infection,parasites infestation, malnutrition, electrolyte imbalance, cookie-cutter shark-bitten wounds,skeletal muscle injury, and anthropogenic objects in stomach. All animals that are admitted to <strong>the</strong>critical care pool have a physical examination performed, blood drawn for a CBC and biochemicalanalysis, fecal analysis for parasites, cultures taken when indicated, and an individual treatmentregimen prescribed. Some weak cetaceans that cannot float well by <strong>the</strong>mselves are given 24-hrsupportive care with fluids and antibiotics if <strong>the</strong>ir CBC shows a significant elevation <strong>of</strong> white bloodcells. Most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> rehabilitated cetaceans died in one week. A male adult pygmy sperm whalewith severe respiratory syndrome and hyper<strong>the</strong>rmia died in five days and morbillivirus infectionwas confirmed by using pathology and PCR. Moderate antibody titer to Brucella was detected ina female adult rough-too<strong>the</strong>d dolphin which died after six days <strong>of</strong> rehabilitation. The impact <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong>se two kinds <strong>of</strong> pathogens to cetaceans in Taiwan should be monitored. Fortunately, a maleadult Risso’s dolphin was successfully rehabilitated after 64 days and released in September 2000and was sighted in Okinawa, Japan. However, we need to make <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong> diagnostic equipmentroutinely during <strong>the</strong> rehabilitation <strong>of</strong> cetaceans, such as radiology, sonography, <strong>the</strong>rmography,endoscopy, even magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. Facilities also have tobe changed from portable or shallow pools to hospitals designed specifically for <strong>the</strong> better care<strong>of</strong> dolphins and whales.<strong>Second</strong> <strong>Workshop</strong> on <strong>the</strong> Biology and Conservation <strong>of</strong> Small Cetaceans and Dugongs <strong>of</strong> SE Asia 151
Status and Conservation <strong>of</strong> Irrawaddy dolphins Orcaella brevirostris inMalampaya Sound, Palawan, PhilippinesSmith, Brian D. 1 ; Beasley, Isabel 2 ; Buccat, Mariel 3 ; Calderon, Victor 3 ; Evina, Roderick 3 ; del Valle,Joseph Lemmuel 3 ; Cadigal, Angela 3 ; Tura, Emmalyn 3 ; Visitacion, Zhuljakim 3(1) Wildlife Conservation Society, 27/17 Soy Naya, Moo 1 Muang, Rawai, Phuket 83130 Thailand(2) School <strong>of</strong> Tropical Environmental Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland4811 Australia(3) Kabang Kalikasan Ng Philipinas (World Wide Fund for Nature– Philippines) 23 Maalindog Street,U.P. Village, Diliman, Quezon City 1101 PhilippinesA geographically isolated population <strong>of</strong> Irrawaddy dolphins was recently discovered inMalampaya Sound, Palawan, Philippines. Line-transect surveys conducted in April – November2001 covered 884km <strong>of</strong> trackline and resulted in a total population estimate <strong>of</strong> 77 individuals(CV=27.4%), confined to <strong>the</strong> inner portion (133.7km 2 ). For all Irrawaddy dolphin sightings, whereecological data were collected (n=47), <strong>the</strong> mean temperature was 30.20°C, depth 6.5 m, salinity28.3 ppt, and turbidity 2.2 NTUs. Significantly higher turbidity, lower salinity, and shallower depthwere recorded in <strong>the</strong> inner Sound compared to adjacent waters. Bottlenose dolphins Tursiopssp. (probably truncatus) were observed in waters just outside <strong>of</strong> where Irrawaddy dolphins wererecorded. During <strong>the</strong> study, two Irrawaddy dolphins were accidentally killed in bottom-set nylongill nets used to catch crabs, locally called matang quatro. <strong>Report</strong>s from local fishermen alsoindicated that as many as three additional animals may have been killed in <strong>the</strong>se nets during<strong>the</strong> same period. These findings suggest strongly that <strong>the</strong> Irrawaddy dolphin population inMalampaya Sound is in immediate danger <strong>of</strong> extirpation due to low numbers, limited range,and high mortality. This is <strong>the</strong> only known population <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> species in <strong>the</strong> Philippines, and <strong>the</strong>nearest area where ano<strong>the</strong>r population is known to occur is in nor<strong>the</strong>rn Borneo, some 550 kmto <strong>the</strong> south. Recommendations for conserving <strong>the</strong> population include that (1) socioeconomicalternatives be developed to promote <strong>the</strong> conservation goal <strong>of</strong> reducing <strong>the</strong> incidence <strong>of</strong> dolphinentanglement in matang quatro gillnets; (2) gillnet free zones be established in core areas <strong>of</strong>dolphin distribution; (3) Irrawaddy dolphins be promoted as a flagship species <strong>of</strong> environmentalhealth in <strong>the</strong> Sound; (4) a long-term program be established to monitor <strong>the</strong> dolphin population;and (5) fur<strong>the</strong>r research be conducted on fisheries and dolphin interactions, with particularemphasis on gillnets.152 CMS Technical Series Publication Nº 9 - 2005
Page 1 and 2:
CMS Technical Series Publication N
Page 3 and 4:
Published by the U
Page 5 and 6:
TABLE OF CONTENTSpage1. Preliminari
Page 7 and 8:
AppendicesAppendix 1 - List <strong
Page 9 and 10:
8 CMS Technical Series Publication
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
The cetacean species reviewed inclu
Page 15 and 16:
Table 1. Major commercial Commonwea
Page 17 and 18:
(2) State Legislation.In state wate
Page 19 and 20:
(2) Identification of</stro
Page 21 and 22:
Coastal speciesThe most frequently
Page 23 and 24:
Coastal speciesThere are currently
Page 25 and 26:
and Guangxi Provinces (Yang et al.
Page 27 and 28:
Table 3. Records of</strong
Page 29 and 30:
can be viewed as the</stron
Page 31 and 32:
Workshop participa
Page 33 and 34:
ioaccumulation have not yet been ex
Page 35 and 36:
of fishermen who h
Page 37 and 38:
are supplied to scholars and organi
Page 39 and 40:
threats. Many marine mammal populat
Page 42:
waters or recognize important inter
Page 47 and 48:
James Cook University (Queensland,
Page 49 and 50:
the last ten years
Page 51 and 52:
proactive in engaging more staff an
Page 53 and 54:
of SE Asia. Two sp
Page 55 and 56:
San Francisco (Negros Oriental); Li
Page 57 and 58:
Legal status and present management
Page 59 and 60:
within 15 kilometers from t
Page 61 and 62:
US, has actively participated in ce
Page 63 and 64:
the project was su
Page 65 and 66:
Recently, the camp
Page 67 and 68:
Mekong River downstream of<
Page 69 and 70:
porpoises in tropical waters <stron
Page 71 and 72:
species in the Ind
Page 73 and 74:
Population/stock structureNo new in
Page 75 and 76:
Needs for additional researchStock
Page 77 and 78:
waters of SE Asia,
Page 79 and 80:
caused mortality is certainly large
Page 81 and 82:
Needs for additional researchProper
Page 83 and 84:
from SE Asia, it is known to occur
Page 85 and 86:
3.1.7 AustraliaDugongs occur all al
Page 87 and 88:
Table 8. Conservation objectives id
Page 89 and 90:
3) Monitoring and assessment <stron
Page 91 and 92:
Table 10. Outline of</stron
Page 93 and 94:
The group agreed that this set <str
Page 95 and 96:
6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSThe works
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Bank, E. 1931. A popular account <s
Page 101 and 102: Dalebout, M. L., J. G. Mead, C. Sco
Page 103 and 104: Jaaman, S. A., E. Tangon, I. Isnain
Page 105 and 106: Lin, Y.-J. 1997. Mitochondrial DNA
Page 107 and 108: Smith, B.D., T. A. Jefferson, D. Ho
Page 109 and 110: Yang, W.-C. 2000. Morbillivirus inf
Page 111 and 112: CHOU Lien-SiangDepartment o
Page 113 and 114: Brian D. SMITHWildlife Conservation
Page 115 and 116: APPENDIX 3Agenda1. Preliminaries2.
Page 117 and 118: Doc. 22 Dugong conservation activit
Page 119 and 120: AreaDatesSurveyTypeEffortSpeciesNo.
Page 125 and 126: Phase ofActionPlan
Page 127 and 128: [Small cetaceans are defined to inc
Page 129 and 130: f) recognizing that by-catch in fis
Page 131 and 132: 130 CMS Technical Series Publicatio
Page 133 and 134: APPENDIX 9Abstracts of</str
Page 135 and 136: The (IUCN Critically Endangered) Du
Page 137 and 138: Status of
Page 139 and 140: Cetacean Habitats in the</s
Page 141 and 142: Conservation of <s
Page 143 and 144: Summary of Current
Page 145 and 146: Indonesia’s Cetacean Migration Co
Page 147 and 148: Conservation Effort to Protect <str
Page 149 and 150: The Status of <str
Page 151: Can the Developing
Page 155 and 156: Legal Hunting of C
Page 157 and 158: Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (T
Page 159 and 160: Feasibility Study of</stron
Page 161 and 162: Songs of a Humpbac
show all

Report of the Second Workshop on The Biology and Conservation of ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?