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556glossary of terms and conceptsTERMINARABICTRANS-LITERATIONENGLISH TRANSLATIONالحكمةal-Èikma Wisdom This refers to the teaching of general moralinstructions that are applicable to all people;however, one must not issue legal or doctrinal ruleson the basis of these moral instructions; wisdomcomes through revelation, but revelation is notalways necessary; it can be found with the wisestmen in all periods of time even in those times whendivine revelation has ceased to come down.اليتيمal-yatÊm Orphan This is a minor who has lost his/her caregiverfather,while the mother may still be alive; if anorphan reaches adulthood he/she legally ceases tobe an orphan.الحجابوالجلبابزينة المرأةوالجيوبal-Èij§bwa’l-jilb§bzÊnat al-mar"awa’l-juyåb\ij§b is an item of clothing to cover the breasts of awoman; Jilb§b is an item of clothing that covers awoman’s body outside her home; this belongs to thefield of social dress codes, not official legislation,and the only criteria is that the way a womandresses should prevent ‘harm’ or ‘insult’ in public(this might vary from one culture to another).Beauty of a womanThis might be external (face), which should not becovered, or internal (hidden), like the area from theneck downwards to the buttocks, which should becovered. There is no textual proof that the head ofa woman needs to be covered.العورةal-#awra Feeling of shame This refers to the desire of a person not to revealsomething of his or her body or behaviour. Butshame is relative, not absolute, as it expressescurrent customary practices and may change overtime; there is no connection to things that areabsolutely forbidden or permitted.الزواجal-zaw§j Marital relationship This refers to a marital relationship between a manand a woman who are adults and compos mentis; thepurpose of this relationship is to establish a familyand have children with the perspective of along-term relationship that is, however, permittedto be terminated by divorce.