Re finem for Annot ment a Prima tated nd En ates K Biblio vironm ...

132above ground level. I very often see the animals gather up, attentively gazing out of the windowstowards the source of some noise, at caretakers, activities in the garden and birds. One wouldthink that exposure to daylight and the natural diurnal rhythm couldn’t be anything else but agood thing for these animals.“Lynch R, Baker D 2000. Primate Enrichment: A room with a view. Laboratory PrimateNewsletter 39(1), 12http://www.brown.edu/Research/Primate/lpn39-1.html#roomPairs were transferred to a play room with windows for 1½ hours every ten days. "During thepast year, we have observed that the primates spend about an hour of their time looking out thewindows."(8) Safety ConcernsEckert K, Niemeyer C, Anonymous , Rogers RW, Seier J, Ingersoll B, Barklay L, Brinkman C,Oliver S, Buckmaster C, Knowles L, Pyle S 2000. Wooden objects for enrichment: A discussion.Laboratory Primate Newsletter 39(3), 1-4http://www.brown.edu/Research/Primate/lpn39-3.html#wood"It seems that there is a general consensus that wooden objects provide inexpensive, safe, longtermand effective stimulation for the expression of non-injurious, species-typical behaviors suchas perching, gnawing, gouging, manipulating and playing" without causing health and hygienicproblems.Etheridge MA, O'Malley J 1996. Diarrhea and peritonitis due to traumatic perforation of thestomach in a rhesus macaque (hardware disease). Contemporary Topics in Laboratory AnimalScience 35(5), 57-78"Abdominal radiographic views indicated ingestion of approximately 20 pieces of wire that camefrom an old automobile tire hung in the outdoor monkey pen to provide environmentalenrichment."Hahn NE, Lau D, Eckert K, Markowitz H 2000. Environmental enrichment-related injury in amacaque (Macaca fascicularis): Intestinal linear foreign body. Comparative Medicine 50, 556-558"As a result of this incidence [ingested sisal rope pieces leading to multiple ulcerations,perforations, septic peritonitis] sisal rope enrichment devices were immediately removed fromall macaque cages in the facility."Mahoney CJ 1992. Some thoughts on psychological enrichment. Lab Animal 21(5), 27,29,32-37"Facilities must exercise caution when installing such climbing devices as vertically hanging orhorizontally suspended ropes and chains - these must not crisscross or be too slack, because ananimal can strangle its neck, limbs, or other body parts."Murchison MA 1993. Potential animal hazard with ring toys. Laboratory Primate Newsletter32(1), 1-2http://www.brown.edu/Research/Primate/lpn32-1.html#ring"Recently one animal, a 2-year-old pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina), approximate weight3.1 kg, became trapped inside a Nylaring. The ring went around the neck, across the body, andunder one arm. Since the animal was apparently unable to remove the ring, he was anesthetizedand the ring manually removed."