Re finem for Annot ment a Prima tated nd En ates K Biblio vironm ...

Kessel AL, Brent L 1998. Cage toys reduce abnormal behavior in individually housed pigtailmacaques. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 1, 227-234"Providing multiple manipulable toys as enrichment for [single-caged] pigtail macaques waseffective in reducing abnormal behavior" during 30- min observation session.Lam K, Rupniak NMJ, Iversen SD 1991. Use of a grooming and foraging substrate to reducecage stereotypies in macaques. Journal of Medical Primatology 20, 104-109http://www.awionline.org/Lab_animals/biblio/jmp20-1.htm"Stereotyped behaviours were reduced by up to 73%.”Maki S, Alford PL, Bloomsmith MA, Franklin J 1989. Food puzzle device simulating termitefishing for captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). American Journal of Primatology19(Supplement), 71-78"Significant reductions of abnormal behavior and significant increases in activity occurred withthe pipe feeder's availability.”Meunier LD, Dukting JT, Landi MS 1989. Modification of stereotypic behavior in rhesusmonkeys using videotapes, puzzlefeeders, and foraging boxes. Laboratory Animal Science 39,479 (Abstract)"Results of this study demonstrate that foraging boxes and puzzle feeders can reduce stereotypicbehavior significantly [in single-housed subjects].”Murphy DE 1976. Enrichment and occupational devices for orang utans and chimpanzees.International Zoo News 137(23.5), 24-26http://www.awionline.org/Lab_animals/biblio/izn-mur.htmSubjects were provided with an artificial termite mount. “The most encouraging result was areduction in the female's stereotyped pacing. The environmental enrichment of the chimp exhibithas resulted in a decrease in observable coprophagy, a diversification of the activities, and aprobable improvement in the physical and psychological condition of the animals."Nadler RD, Herndon JG, Metz B, Ferrer AC, Erwin J 1992. Environmental enrichment by variedfeeding strategies for individually caged young chimpanzees. In Chimpanzee Conservation andPublic Health: Environments for the Future Erwin J, Landon JC (eds), 137-145.Diagnon/Bioqual, Rockville"Providing an ear of unhusked corn on alternate days, in addition to laboratory chow, resultedin more time spent contacting food [primarily the corn] an hour after feeding than feedinglaboratory chow alone. Seven of eight [single-housed] animals exhibited less stereotypy on thedays they received the ear of corn. Stereotypical behavior, which occurs at relatively lowfrequencies under natural conditions, was reduced somewhat when the animals were fed three[rather than one] meals."Neu K, Lambeth S, Toback E, Schapiro S 2001. Hay can be used to decrease feces smearing ingroups of captive chimpanzees. American Journal of Primatology 54(Supplement), 78 (Abstract)Feces smearing on the walls decreased significantly when hay was present compared to whenno hay was available.Poffe A, Melotto S, Gerrard PA 1995. Comparison of four environmental enrichment strategiesin captive common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Primate Report 42, 24-2539