Re finem for Annot ment a Prima tated nd En ates K Biblio vironm ...

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Erwin J 1977. Factors influencing aggressive behavior and risk of trauma in the pigtail macaque(Macaca nemestrina). Laboratory Animal Science 27, 541-547"Provision of cover ... reduced aggression among members of stable groups."Günther MM 1998. Influence of habitat structure on jumping behaviour in Galago moholi. FoliaPrimatologica 69(Supplement), 410 (Abstract)"These results suggest that support material [perches], as well as height, influences thebehaviour of G. maholi and these should be taken into consideration in behavioural andbiomedical studies as well as in the construction of cage facilities. Studies which do not takethese factors into account are to some extent vitiated."Maninger N, Kim JH, Ruppenthal GC 1998. The presence of visual barriers decreases agonismin group housed pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina). American Journal of Primatology 45,193-194“Bite, grab and chase were found to be significantly greater [among members of harem groupsof 23 pig-tailed macaques] when visual barriers were absent compared to when they werepresent."McCormack K, Megna NL 2001. The effects of privacy walls on aggression in a captive groupof rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). American Journal of Primatology 54(Supplement), 50-51”Preliminary results suggest that non-contact aggression (vocalizations, fear grimaces, chases,and threats) is significantly reduced after the introduction of the privacy walls (p
32Reinhardt V 1989. Evaluation of the long-term effectiveness of two environmental enrichmentobjects for singly caged rhesus macaques. Lab Animal 18(6), 31-33http://www.awionline.org/Lab_animals/biblio/la-eval.htm"While perching, the monkeys sat in front of the cage for 95% of the time, in the middle or rearof the cage for 5% of the time. The proportion of time spent with the pipes was three timesgreater for animals living in lower-row cages than for animals living in upper-row cages. In theelevated position, the light exposure was increased, a fact that made the pipes of particular valuefor the lower-row cages animals."Reinhardt V 1990. A perch for caged macaques. Humane Innovations and Alternatives inAnimal Experimentation 4, 134-135http://www.awionline.org/Lab_animals/biblio/h134.htmPerches are "particularly attractive for animals during the daily cleaning of their cages becausethey offer a dry, comfortable place to sit while the floors of their cages are sprayed with water."Ricker RB, Williams LE, Brady AG, Gibson SV, Abee CR 1995. Environmental enhancementfor laboratory-housed squirrel monkeys: Fifteen-year retrospective analysis of procedures.Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science 34(4), 55 (Abstract)”Cut pieces of PVC pipe (12 in diameter) were hung in each run as a hide box, allowing eyecontact to be broken between disputing animals. This decreased fight wounds by 60%."Shimoji M, Bowers CL, Crockett CM 1993. Initial response to introduction of a PVC perch bysingly caged Macaca fascicularis. Laboratory Primate Newsletter 32(4), 8-11http://www.brown.edu/Research/Primate/lpn32-4.html#pvcSingle-housed "monkeys spent significantly more time clinging to the cage wall ("suspended") inthe absence of the perch. ... There was less stereotypy when the perch was present."Spencer H 2005. A tale of two cynos. Tech Talk 10(3), 4 & 6"After implementing the vertical tunnels, both [pair-housed male cynos] primates stoppedexhibiting stereotypical and self-injurious behaviors." The two animals "were free ofstereotypical behavior for a little over two years."Westergaard GC, Izard MK, Drake JD, Suomi SJ, Higley JD 1999. Rhesus macaque (Macacamulatta) group formation and housing: Wounding and reproduction in a specific pathogen free(SPF) colony. American Journal of Primatology 49, 339-347"When forming new rhesus macaque breeding groups, divided corrals that provide for socialand visual separation of individuals lead to lower rates of traumatic wounding than do undividedcorrals."Wolff A 1989. Polyvinyl chloride piping as perch material for squirrel monkeys. LaboratoryPrimate Newsletter 28(1), 7http://www.brown.edu/Research/Primate/lpn28-1.html#pvc"An additional unexpected benefit of the PVC piping has been a decrease in dorsal tail-headabrasions, frequently seen in squirrel monkeys that sit on the stainless steel flooring of standardprimate cages."
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Page 19 and 20: 14(7) Enforced RestraintAdams MR, K
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Page 31 and 32: 26Coe CL 1991. Is social housing of
Page 33 and 34: 28Tatoyan SK, Cherkovich GM 1972. T
Page 35: 30Line SW, Morgan KN, Markowitz H,
Page 39 and 40: 34Clarke AS, Juno CJ, Maple TL 1982
Page 41 and 42: 36The animals “spent most time in
Page 43 and 44: 38Brent L, Belik M 1997. The respon
Page 45 and 46: 40"Access to the puzzles was accomp
Page 47 and 48: 42"The purpose of this study was to
Page 49 and 50: 44Choi GC 1993. Humans enrich the l
Page 51 and 52: 46“Eleven baboons who had been si
Page 53 and 54: 48Reinhardt V, Houser WD, Eisele S,
Page 55 and 56: 50Thompson MA, Bloomsmith MA, Taylo
Page 57 and 58: (7) Working with Cooperative Animal
Page 59 and 60: 54Lambeth SP, Hau J, Perlman JE, Ma
Page 61 and 62: 56Smith M, Barley J, Down N, Franci
Page 63 and 64: Environmental Enrichment58(1) Defin
Page 65 and 66: 60Baker KC, Seres M, Aureli F, de W
Page 67 and 68: 62Judge PG, de Waal BM, Paul KS, Go
Page 69 and 70: (2,1,b) Group-housing: Group Format
Page 71 and 72: 66McNary JK 1992. Integration of ch
Page 73 and 74: 68Clarke MR, Blanchard JL 1994. All
Page 75 and 76: Watts E 1997. Introductions. In Ora
Page 77 and 78: 72Baumans V, Coke C, Green J, Morea
Page 79 and 80: 74Hotchkiss CE, Paule MG 2003. Effe
Page 81 and 82: 76Reinhardt V, Hurwitz S 1993. Eval
Page 83 and 84: 78Shively CA 2001. Psychological we
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82Reinhardt V 1991. Agonistic behav
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86Boccia ML, Broussard C, Scanlan J
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927 to 44 training sessions. .. The
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94Baumans V, Coke C, Green J, Morea
Page 101 and 102:
96Skoumbourdis EK 2008. Pole-and-co
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98Tamarins (Saguinus spp.)Smith TE,
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100Bertrand F, Seguin Y, Chauvier F
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102Gilloux I, Gurnell J, Shepherdso
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104Molzen EM, French JA 1989. The p
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106Reinhardt V 1992. Foraging for c
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108Boccia ML 1989. Long-term effect
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110Baumans V, Coke C, Green J, More
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112”We give our pair-housed cynos
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114use their hands to obtain and pr
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116MacLean E, Roberts Prior S 2006.
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120Phillippi-Falkenstein K 1998. Us
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122Shimoji M, Bowers CL, Crockett C
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126Pruetz JD, Bloomsmith MA 1992. C
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128Reinhardt V 1990. Time budget of
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130O'Neill PL, Wright AC, Weed JL 1
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132above ground level. I very often
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134Canadian Council on Animal Care
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136International Primatological Soc
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138forage daily, by scattering food
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140sensory and emotional experience
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142Bayne K 1989 Resolving issues of
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144creation? Very unlikely!I think
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146Spaeth GL 1994. Editorial: Carin
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