Re finem for Annot ment a Prima tated nd En ates K Biblio vironm ...

27Line SW, Morgan KN, Markowitz H, Strong S 1989. Heart rate and activity of rhesus monkeysin response to routine events. Laboratory Primate Newsletter 28(2), 9-12http://www.brown.edu/Research/Primate/lpn28-2.html#line“Variations in heart rate and activity are closely associated with human activity in the room."Line SW 1995. Effects of observation technique on the behavior of adult rhesus macaques.Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science 34, 61-65"During videotaped sessions, movement was higher in frequency and duration, while aggressivebehavior was lower" and stereotyped locomotion higher in frequency than during direct liveobservations.Malinow MR, Hill JD, Ochsner AJ 1974. Heart rate in caged rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).Laboratory Animal Science 24, 537-540“The rapid increase of 80 beats/min recorded when someone entered the room and tapped thecages is most probably related to the action of the autonomic nervous system and may explainthe high heart rates reported in most studies of restrained or anesthetized monkeys. Thus, whenthe results of cardiovascular studies in rhesus monkeys are interpreted, the variables introducedby the sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves should be considered."Manuck SB, Kaplan JR, Clarkson TB 1983. Behavioral induced heart rate reactivity andatherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys. Psychosomatic Medicine 45, 95-108The presence of the experimenter [without glove!] dramatically increased heart rate in about50% of animals studied.Reinhardt V 1997. Refining the traditional housing and handling of laboratory rhesus macaquesimproves scientific methodology. Primate Report 49, 93-112http://www.awionline.org/Lab_animals/biblio/pr-refi.htm“The macho-type person is out of place in the animal room because s/he triggers stress or evendistress reactions. Typically, the animal will freak out and hide in a back corner of the cagewhen such a person comes into their room."Reinhardt V 1999. Pair-housing overcomes self-biting behavior in macaques. Laboratory PrimateNewsletter 38(1), 4http://www.brown.edu/Research/Primate/lpn38-1.html#pairSeven single-caged subjects exhibited self-biting behavior predictably in the presence ofpersonnel.Schnell CR, Wood JM 1993. Measurement of blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, ECGand activity by telemetry in conscious unrestrained marmosets. Proceedings of the 5th Federationof European Laboratory Animal Science Association Symposium, 107-111"After event A [presence of a person], we observed a twofold increase in activity and a markedincrease in CT [temperature], MAP [blood pressure] and HR [heart rate]."Schnell CR, Wood JM 1993. Measurement of blood pressure and heart rate by telemetry inconscious, unrestrained marmosets. American Journal of Physiology 264, H1509-1516During the weekend, daytime values of heart rate and blood pressure were significantly lower,and motor activity was higher. "The higher motor activity suggests greater social interactionswhen the marmosets are undisturbed. The lower MAP [blood pressure] and HR [heart rate]suggest that the animals may be less anxious and feel better in this situation."